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Functional responses to deforestation in fish communities inhabiting neotropical streams and rivers

Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 716-732页

作者： Isabel Cantera Céline Jézéquel Tony Dejean Jérôme Murienne Régis Vigouroux Alice Valentini Sébastien Brosse Department of Environmental Science and Policy Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2620133 MilanItaly Laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique UMR5174-UniversitéPaul SabatierCNRSIRD118 Route de Narbonne31062 ToulouseFrance SPYGEN Savoie Technolac-BP 27417 Rue du Lac Saint-André73375 Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexFrance HYDRECO Laboratoire Environnement de Petit SautB.P 82397388 Kourou CedexFrench GuianaFrance

Background Deforestation is a widespread disturbance for neotropical freshwater *** biodiversity declines have been associated with deforestation,its functional consequences for stream and river fish faunas remain poorly *** this study,we explored how deforestation affects the different facets of the functional structure of fish communities inventoried using environmental DNA metabarcoding in 64 river and 35 stream sites of French ***,we investigated how functional richness,divergence,evenness and identity of fish faunas are affected by *** We showed that anthropogenic disturbances in French Guiana are modifying the functional diversity of freshwater fish *** disturbances not only affected the amount of functional traits held by the communities but also the identity of the traits and the internal structure of the functional ***,different facets of the functional diversity supported by fish assemblages were *** streams,deforestation did not affect the overall diversity of traits but reduced functional redundancy,underlined by a shift in functional identity towards assemblages dominated by pelagic *** contrast,river fish faunas experienced a decline in functional richness,paired with shifts in functional identity and a loss of fish species with extreme *** The response to deforestation differed between streams and rivers,but it supports the hypothesis that deforestation is linked to functional changes in fish *** diminishing the range of the functions in rivers or by jeopardizing the redundancy of functions in streams,deforestation could severely hamper the functioning and stability of neotropical freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： eDNA Traits Functional space Richness Divergence Evenness Identity Gold mining

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Thoughts about cancer stem cells in solid tumors

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2012年第3期4卷 17-20页

作者： Caterina AM La Porta Department of Biomolecular Science and Biotechnology University of Milan via Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy

Cancer chemotherapy efficacy is frequently impaired by either intrinsic or acquired tumor resistance.A fundamental problem in cancer research is identifying the cell type that is capable of sustaining neoplastic growth and its origin from normal tissue *** recent years,the cancer stem cell(CSC) theory has changed the classical view of tumor growth and therefore the therapeutic *** intrinsic and acquired resistance of cancer stem/progenitor cells to current clinical treatments represents a major challenge in treating and curing the most aggressive and metastatic *** the other hand,the identification of CSCs in vivo and in vitro relies on specific surface markers that should allow the sorting cancer cells into phenotypically distinct *** the present review,recent papers published on CSCs in solid tumors(breast,prostate,brain and melanoma) are discussed,highlighting critical points such as the choice of markers to sort CSCs and mouse models to demonstrate that CSCs are able to replicate the original tumor.A discussion of the possible role of aldehyde dehydrogenase and CXCR6 biomarkers as signaling molecules in CSCs and normal stem cells is also *** author believes that efforts have to be made to investigate the functional and biological properties of putative CSCs in *** diagnostic/prognostic tools to follow cancer development is also a *** this connection it would be useful to develop a multidisciplinary approach combining mathematics,physics and biology which merges experimental approaches and *** models alone are probably unable to resolve the problem completely.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Tumor Asymmetric self renewal Biomarkers

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Predicted and measured soil retention curve parameters in Lombardy region north of Italy

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第3期4卷 207-214页

作者： Fatma Wassar Claudio Gandolfi Michele Rienzner Enrico Antonio Chiaradia Ettore Bernardoni IBIMET-CNR via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto F.noFIItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali(DISAA) Universitàdegli Studi di Milano(UNIMI)Via Celoria 220133 MilanoItaly ISSTEG Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques des EauxcitéAmal 46072 GabèsTunisia

Water retention characteristics are fundamental input parameters in any modeling study on water flow and solute *** properties are difficult to measure and for that reason,we usually need to use direct and indirect methods to determine *** extensive comparison between measured and estimated results is needed to determine their applicability for a range of different *** this study attempts to make a contribution specifically in this *** properties were determined in two representative sites located in Landriano field,in Lombardy region,northern *** the laboratory we used the pressure plate apparatus and the tensiometric *** soil water retention was determined including measurements of soil water content with SENTEK probes and matric potential with *** soil waer retention curves(SWRC)were also settled on with some recently developed pedo-transfert functions(PTFs).Field retention curves were compared against those obtained from PTFs estimations and laboratory *** comparison showed that laboratory measurements were the most *** had the highest ranking for the validation indices(RMSE ranging between 2.4%and 7.7%and bias between 0.1%and 6.4%).The second best technique was the PTF Rosetta(Schaap et al.2001).They perform only slightly poorer than the laboratory measurements(RMSE ranging between 2.7%and 10%and bias between 0.3%and 7.7%).The lowest prediction accuracy is observed for the Rawls and Brakensiek(1985)PTF(RMSE ranging between 6.3%and 17%and bias between 5%and 10%)which is in contradiction with previous finding(Calzolari et al.,2001),showing that this function is well representing the retention characteristics of the *** to time and cost investments of laboratory and field measurements,we conclude that the Rosetta PTF developed by Schaap et al.(2001)appears to be the best to predict the soil moisture retention curve from easily available soil properties in the Lombardy area a

关键词： Comparison Laboratory water retention Field measurements Curve measurements Pedo-transfert functions

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Colorful Insights： Advances in Imaging Drive Nove 3reakthroughs in Ca^2＋ Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2015年第3期8卷 352-355页

作者： Alex Costa Jorg Kudla Dipartimento di Bioacienze Università degli Studi di Milano Via G. Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy Istituto di Biofisica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via G. Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen Universitat Münster Schlossplatz 4 48149 Münster Germany

In plants, Ca^2＋ signals occur in response to both environmental and developmental stimuli. These signals involve increases in [Ca^2＋] in compartments such as the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria, and can display multiple shapes ranging from sin- gle transients to repetitive Ca^2＋ oscillations. Generation and shaping of stimulus specific [Ca^2＋] signatures depends on Ca^2＋ influxes and effluxes occurring at both the plasma membrane （PM） and membranes of the different subcellular compartments.

关键词：钙钙调蛋白结合蛋白质类磷蛋白磷酸酶类内驱力细胞膜细胞质线粒体暂居者和移居者

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Telomere shortening is associated with corticosterone stress response in adult barn swallows

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 93-101页

作者： Alessandra COSTANZO Roberto AMBROSINI Marco PAROLINI Manuela CAPRIOLI Simona SECOMANDI Diego RUBOLINI Leonida FUSANI Virginie CANOINE Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milanvia Celoria 26I-20133 MilanItaly Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstr.141090 ViennaAustria Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaSavoyenstr.1a1160 ViennaAustria

When vertebrates face stressful events,the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal(HPA)axis is activated,generating a rapid increase in circulating glucocorticoid(GC)stress hormones followed by a return to baseline ***,repeated activation of HPA axis may lead to increase in oxidative *** target of oxidative stress is telomeres,nucleoprotein complexes at the end of chromosomes that shorten at each cell *** susceptibility of telomeres to oxidizing molecules has led to the hypothesis that increased GC levels boost telomere shortening,but studies on this link are *** studied if,in barn swallows Hirundo rustica,changes in adult erythrocyte telomere length between 2 consecutive breeding seasons are related to corticosterone(CORT)(the main avian GC)stress response induced by a standard capture-restraint ***-individual telomere length did not significantly change between consecutive breeding ***-year individuals showed the highest increase in circulating CORT concentrations following ***,we found a decline in female stress response along the breeding *** addition,telomere shortening covaried with the stress response:a delayed activation of the negative feedback loop terminating the stress response was associated with greater telomere ***,among-individual variation in stress response may affect telomere dynamics.

关键词： allostasis corticosterone Hirundo rustica stress response telomere

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Molecular and physiological responses to salt stress in salinity-sensitive and tolerant Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cultivars

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Molecular Horticulture 2023年第1期3卷 1-18页

作者： Alice Trivellini Giulia Carmassi Guido Scatena Paolo Vernieri Antonio Ferrante Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research–ISPRA Via del Cedro 3857122 LeghornItaly Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Universita Degli Studi Di MilanoVia Celoria 220133 MilanItaly

Ornamental plants are used to decorate urban and peri-urban areas,and during their cultivation or utilisation,they can be exposed to abiotic *** is an abiotic stress factor that limits plant growth and reduces the ornamental value of sensitive *** this study,transcriptomic analysis was conducted to identify genes associated with tolerance or sensitivity to salinity in two hibiscus(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.)cultivars,‘Porto’and‘Sunny wind’.The physiological and biochemical parameters of plants exposed to 50,100,or 200 mM NaCl and water(control)were *** treatments were applied for six *** four weeks,differences between cultivars were clearly evident and‘Porto’was more tolerant than‘Sunny wind’.The tolerant cultivar showed lower electrolyte leakage and ABA concentrations,and higher proline content in the *** of Na in different organs was lower in the flower organs of‘Porto’.At the molecular level,several differential expressed genes were observed between the cultivars and flower *** the highly expressed DEGs,coat protein,alcohol dehydrogenase,and AP2/EREBP transcription factor *** the downregulated genes,GH3 and NCED were the most *** differential expression of these genes may explain the salt stress tolerance of‘Porto’.

关键词： Flower ABA Ion leakage Petals Proline Transcriptome

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Sugars in peach fruit: a breeding perspective

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 314-325页

作者： Marco Cirilli Daniele Bassi Angelo Ciacciulli Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(DISAA) University of Milanvia Celoria 220133MilanItaly

The last decade has been characterized by a decrease in peach(Prunus persica)fruit consumption in many countries,foremost due to unsatisfactory *** sugar content is one of the most important quality traits perceived by consumers,and the development of novel peach cultivars with sugar-enhanced content is a primary objective of breeding programs to revert the market ***,the progress reachable through classical phenotypic selection is limited by the narrow genetic bases of peach breeding material and by the complex quantitative nature of the trait,which is deeply affected by environmental conditions and agronomical *** development of molecular markers applicable in MAS or MAB has become an essential strategy to boost the selection *** the enormous advances in‘omics’sciences,providing powerful tools for plant genotyping,the identification of the genetic bases of sugar-related traits is hindered by the lack of adequate phenotyping methods that are able to address strong within-plant *** review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the metabolic pathways and physiological mechanisms regulating sugar accumulation in peach fruit,the main advances in phenotyping approaches and genetic background,and finally addressing new research priorities and prospective for breeders.

关键词： breeding sugar bases

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Environmental factors determining growth of salamander larvae： A field study

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Current Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 421-427页

作者： Laura LIMONGI Gentile Francesco FICETOLA Giuseppe ROMEO Raoul MANENTI Dipartimento di Bioscienze Universita degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio e di Scienze della Terra UniversitA degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca. Piaz- za della Scienza 1 20126 Milano Italy Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Universit6 Grenoble Alpes F-38000 Grenoble France CNRS LECA F-38000 Grenoble France

Larval growth and survival of organisms are strongly influenced by abiotic and biotic factors, as demonstrated by ex- perimental studies performed under controlled laboratory or semi-natural conditions. Even if they have many advantages, ex- periments cannot cover the full complexity of natural conditions and field studies are needed for a better understanding of how environmental variation determines growth and development rate. Fire salamander Salamandra salamandra females give birth to larvae in a variety of habitats, both epigean and subterranean. In caves, salamander larvae successfully grow and metamorphose, but their growth is more than three times longer than in epigean streams and factors determining these differences require inves- tigation. We performed a field study to understand the factors related to the growth of fire salamander larvae in different envi- ronmental conditions, evaluating the relationship between environmental features and larval growth and differences between caves and epigean spring habitats. Both caves and epigean larvae successfully grew. Capture-mark-recapture allowed to individu- ally track individuals along their whole development, and measure their performance. Growth rate was significantly affected by environmental variables： larvae grew faster in environments with abundant invertebrates and few conspeciflcs. Taking into ac- count the effect of environmental variables, larval growth was significantly lower in caves. Food availability plays a different ef- fect in the two environments. Larval growth was positively related to the availability of invertebrates in epigean sites only. The development rate of hypogeous populations of salamanders is slower because of multiple parameters, but biotic factors play a much stronger role than the abiotic ones

关键词： Spring Freshwater Cave Amphibians Salamandra Cannibalism

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A Framework for Systematic Classification of Assets for Security Testing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 631-645页

作者： Sadeeq Jan Omer Bin Tauqeer Fazal Qudus Khan George Tsaramirsis Awais Ahmad Iftikhar Ahmad Imran Maqsood Niamat Ullah National Center for Cyber Security Department of CS&ITUniversity of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Information Technology FCITKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Dipartimento di Informatica(DI) UniversitàDegli Studi di Milano StataleVia Celoria 18MilanoItaly Department of Computer Science&IT University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyMardanPakistan university of Buner BunerPakistan

Over the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the use of web-based Information systems that process sensitive information,e.g.,personal,financial,*** this increased use,the security of such systems became a crucial aspect to ensure safety,integrity and authenticity of the *** achieve the objectives of data safety,security testing is ***,with growth and diversity of information systems,it is challenging to apply security testing for each and every ***,it is important to classify the assets based on their required level of security using an appropriate *** this paper,we propose an asset security classification technique to classify the System Under Test(SUT)based on various factors such as system exposure,data criticality and security *** perform an extensive evaluation of our technique on a sample of 451 information ***,we use security testing on a sample extracted from the resulting prioritized systems to investigate the presence of *** technique achieved promising results of successfully assigning security levels to various assets in the tested environments and also found several vulnerabilities in them.

关键词： Security security testing privacy asset classification

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理论研究Cd,Sn和Pb同位素链核的ISGMR性质(英文)

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IMP & HIRFL Annual Report 2011年 19-21页

作者：曹李刚 H. Sagawa G. Colò Center for Mathematics and Physics University of AizuAizu-WakamatsuFukushima 965-8560Japan 2. Dipartimento di FisicaUniversit`a degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria16MilanoItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nuclear(INFN) Sez.di Milanovia Celoria 16MilanoItaly

The compression modes of nuclear many-body system plays an important role in description of the structure of finite nuclei, the evolution of heavy-ion collision, and the physics of neutron stars and the supernova

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