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新型炭材料(中英文) 2024年

作者： Sahil Rana Amit Kumar Wang Tong-tong Gaurav Sharma Pooja Dhiman Alberto García-Penas Interdisciplinary and Innovate Research Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB) Universidad Carlos III de Madrid International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS) Shoolini University

Carbonaceous materials including carbon nanotubes/nanofibers, graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide,graphyne, graphdiyne, carbon quantum dots and fullerenes have gained considerable attention in the recent years for their unique properties such as high conductivity, excellent stability and biocompatibility. The integration of these carbonaceous materials into Zscheme and S-scheme heterojunctions has emerged as a transformative strategy to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency for energy conversion applications. This review delves into the fundamental principles of clean energy generation such as photocatalytic H2generation and CO2reduction, elucidating their respective mechanisms and advantages. Furthermore, various types of carbonaceous materials, their synthesis and construction of Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions are discussed emphasizing their role in promoting charge separation, reducing recombination losses and extending the spectral response range. With the focus on solar fuel production,the recent advancements in carbonaceous based Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions are discussed and summarized for photocatalytic H2generation and CO2reduction. Lastly, the current bottlenecks and challenges in the field of carbonaceous based photocatalysts are discussed with the valuable insights for future development in this particular field.

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Effect of the Coulomb and dielectric forces on the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 64-77页

作者： Zhonglin Du Pedro A.Vázquez Jian Wu School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Micro-and Nano-scale Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Harbin150001China Departamento de Física Aplicada iii ETSIIUniversidad de SevillaSevilla41092Spain

In this paper,the effect of Coulomb and dielectric forces on the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection(RBC)in a dielectric liquid layer contained between two parallel electrode plates has been numerically *** different operating conditions have been considered in electrohydrodynamic(EHD)conduction:ohmic and saturation,and variations in the physical properties of the dielectric fluid with *** electric equations and the state equations based on the Boussinesq approximation are integrated in the framework of OpenFOAM buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam *** results show that in the ohmic regime,the combined effect of Coulomb and dielectric forces promotes the onset of RBC flow,while in the saturation state,the inhibition of RBC flow by Coulomb force is more *** value of the critical Rayleigh number Ra decreases with increasing electric Reynolds number ReE in the ohmic regime,whereas in the saturation state,the critical Ra increases with increasing *** the saturation regime,the flow field always has a steady flow in the range of parameters ***,the onset of the RBC flow promoted by the dielectric force is more pronounced in the ohmic *** to the presence of the dielectric force,the flow field exhibits periodic oscillatory flow at low electric Reynolds numbers for the range of parameters considered.

关键词： EHD conduction Dielectric force Rayleigh-Bénard convection OpenFOAM

Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo Santalla Lidia B.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion Bustos Laura Castellote-Belles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti David Barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of Systems Biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of Sport and Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all p<0.05)and an impaired endurance exercise capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both p<0.001).Regardless of the CHO dose(p<0.05 for both doses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition Supplement

Characterization of Gromov Hyperbolic Short Graphs

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第2期30卷 197-212页

作者： José Manuel RODRIGUEZ Departamento de Matemticas Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvenida de la Universidad 30

To decide when a graph is Gromov hyperbolic is,in general,a very hard *** this paper,we solve this problem for the set of short graphs（in an informal way,a graph G is r-short if the shortcuts in the cycles of G have length less than r）：an r-short graph G is hyperbolic if and only if S9r（G）is finite,where SR（G）：=sup{L（C）：C is an R-isometric cycle in G}and we say that a cycle C is R-isometric if dC（x,y）≤dG（x,y）＋R for every x,y∈C.

关键词： Short graph Gromov hyperbolicity Gromov hyperbolic graph infinite graphs geodesics

Muscle strength deficits are associated with low bone mineral density in young pediatric cancer survivors:The iBoneFIT project

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 419-427页

作者： Andres Marmol-Perez Jose J.Gil-Cosano Esther Ubago-Guisado Francisco J.Llorente-Cantarero Juan Francisco Pascual-Gázquez Kirsten K.Ness Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino Jonatan R.Ruiz Luis Gracia-Marco Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18011Spain Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Communication and Education Loyola University AndalusiaSeville 41704Spain Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GranadaGranada 18012Spain Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba(IMIBIC) Cordoba 14004Spain CIBEROBN Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and NutritionCarlos III Health InstituteMadrid 28029Spain Department of Specific Didactics Faculty of EducationUniversity of CordobaCordoba 14071Spain Pediatric and adolescent hematology and oncology service Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery Clinical Management UnitVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Health and Social Research Center Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaCuenca 13001Spain

Background Pediatric cancer survivors are at increased risk of muscle weakness and low areal bone mineral density(aBMD).However,the prevalence of muscle strength deficits is not well documented,and the associations of muscle strength with aBMD are unknown in this ***,this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper-and lower-body muscle strength deficits and to examine the associations of upper-and lower-body muscle strength with age-,sex,and race-specific aBMD Z-scores at the total body,total hip,femoral neck,and lumbar *** This cross-sectional study included 116 pediatric cancer survivors(12.1±3.3 years old,mean±SD;42.2%female).Upper-and lower-body muscle strength were assessed by handgrip and standing long jump test,***‑energy X‑ray absorptiometry was used to measure aBMD(g/cm2).Associations between muscle strength and aBMD were evaluated in multivariable linear regression *** regression was used to evaluate the contribution of muscle strength(1-decile lower)to the odds of having low aBMD(Z-score≤1.0).All analyses were adjusted for time from treatment completion,radiotherapy exposure,and body mass *** More than one-half of survivors were within the 2 lowest deciles for upper-(56.9%)and lower-body muscle strength(60.0%)in comparison to age-and sex-specific reference *** strength deficits were associated with lower aBMD Z-scores at all sites(B=0.133–0.258,p=0.001–0.032).Each 1-decile lower in upper-body muscle strength was associated with 30%–95%higher odds of having low aBMD Z-scores at all *** 1-decile lower in lower-body muscle strength was associated with 35%–70%higher odds of having low aBMD Z-scores at total body,total hip,and femoral *** Muscle strength deficits are prevalent in young pediatric cancer survivors,and such deficits are associated with lower aBMD Z-scores at all *** results suggest that interventions designed to improve muscle strength in t

关键词： Bone health Childhood cancer DXA Lean mass Resistance training

Extreme drought triggers parallel shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits in upper treeline of the Mediterranean Andes

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 132-143页

作者： Luiz Santini Jr. Dylan Craven Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez Manolo Trindade Quintilhan Stephanie Gibson-Carpintero Cristina Aravena Torres Fidel A.Roig Ariel A.Mu?oz Alejandro Venegas-Gonzalez Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Universidad Mayor GEMA Center for Genomics Ecology and Environment Universidad Mayor Data Observatory Foundation ANID Technology Center Depart-ment of Forest Sciences ESALQ-University of Sao Paulo Department of Plant Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas Instituto de Geografía Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Argentine Institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET ) Institute of Geography Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias Animales y Ambientales (ICA3) Universidad de O'Higgins

Background Treeline ecotones of Mediterranean ecoregions have been affected by the increasing intensity and severity of droughts. Even though the effect of droughts on forest dynamics has been widely documented, knowledge is relatively scarce of how extreme climate episodes affect the hydraulic structure and, therefore, the phys-iology of woody plants. The Mediterranean Andes have experienced an uninterrupted period of drought since 2010, including an extremely dry year in 2019 with approximately 80% rainfall deficit. Here, we investigated shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits of Kageneckia angustifolia, an endemic treeline species, in response to this drought *** We evaluated the xylem plasticity of three K. angustifolia populations across their natural distribution(31–35° SL) based on anatomical(vessel structure and distribution) and physiological(intrinsic water-use efficiency) variables in the tree rings. We focused on the period 2000–2020 that corresponds to before the megadrought(2000–2007),(ii) megadrought(2008–2018) and(iii) hyperdrought(2019–2020). The variables were annualized and analyzed by linear mixed-effects *** Our results provide insights to the anatomical and physiological mechanisms underlying the resilience of treeline forests to persistent droughts in central Chile. We found that the extreme drought in 2019–2020 triggered shifts in vessel size and frequency that increased hydraulic safety. These significant shifts in vessel traits occurred in parallel with a decrease in pit aperture area and an increase in water-use efficiency, further increasing the resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme drought *** Our results revealed coordinated shifts in vessel size and frequency and water-use efficiency in response to the megadrought, thereby reducing vulnerability to hydraulic failure. The apparent resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme droughts suggests that this adaptation to drought stress may incre

关键词： Dendro-anatomy Kageneckia angustifolia Xylem vulnerability Drought Climate change

Resource requirements of an edge-based digital twin service:an experimental study

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第6期4卷 506-520页

作者： Federico MUNGARI Milan GROSHEV Carla Fabiana CHIASSERINI Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy Departamento de Ingenieria Telematica Universidad Carlos III de MadridMadrid 28911Spain

Digital Twin(DT)is a pivotal application under the industrial digital transformation envisaged by the fourth industrial revolution(Industry 4.0).DT defines intelligent and real-time faithful reflections of physical entities such as industrial robots,thus allowing their remote *** on the latest advances in Information and Communication Technologies(ICT),namely Network Function Virtualization(NFV)and Edge-computing,DT can be deployed as an on-demand service in the factories close proximity and offered leveraging radio access ***,with the purpose of achieving the well-known scalability,flexibility,availability and performance guarantees benefits foreseen by the latest ICT,it is steadily required to experimentally profile and assess DT as a Service(DTaaS)***,the dependencies between the resources claimed by the service and the relative demand and work loads require to be *** this work,an Edge-based Digital Twin solution for remote control of robotic arms is deployed in an experimental testbed where,in compliance with the NFV paradigm,the service has been segmented in virtual network *** research has primarily the objective to evaluate the entanglement among overall service performance and VNFs resource requirements,and the number of robots consuming the service *** profiles show the most critical DT features to be the inverse kinematics and trajectory ***,the same analysis has been carried out as a function of the industrial processes,namely based on the commands imposed on the robots,and particularly of their ion-level,resulting in a novel trade-off between computing and time resources requirements and trajectory *** derived results provide crucial insights for the design of network service scaling and resource orchestration fra-meworks dealing with DTaaS ***,we empirically prove LTE shortage to accommodate the minimum DT latency requirements.

关键词： Digital twin Edge NFV Testbed Performance evaluation

Thermo-electro-mechanical microstructural interdependences in conductive thermoplastics

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 955-965页

作者： Javier Crespo-Miguel Sergio Lucarini Angel Arias Daniel Garcia-Gonzalez Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvda.de la Universidad 3028911 LeganésMadridSpain Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College of LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

Additive manufacturing has enabled the design of thermoplastic components that provide structural support,electrical conductivity and heat generation modulated by mechanical *** mechanisms and interplays that govern the material response at the microstructural level remain,however,***,we develop an experimental method to characterise conductive filaments from a combined mechanical,electrical and thermal *** approach is used to unravel exciting material interplays of conductive polylactic *** overcome experimental limitations that prevent a complete microstructural analysis of the problem,we develop a full-field homogenisation framework and implement it for finite *** framework accounts for viscoplasticity,electrical and thermal conduction,convection and heat generation via Joule effect,as well as for the interdependences between *** experimental validation,the framework is applied to virtually optimise fabrication requirements to obtain desired properties in final products,i.e.,stiffer products,filaments with higher conductivities or with better sensing capabilities.

关键词： conductive electrical overcome

Laws of Zipf and Benford, intermittency, and critical fluctuations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第34期56卷 3643-3648页

作者： ROBLEDO Alberto Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

We describe precise equivalences between theoretical descriptions of: (i) size-rank and first-digit laws for numerical data sets, (ii) intermittency at the transition to chaos in nonlinear maps, and (iii) cluster fluctuations at criticality. The equivalences stem from a common statistical-mechanical structure that departs from the usual via a one-parameter deformation of the exponential and logarithmic functions. The generalized structure arises when configurational phase space is incompletely visited such that the accessible fraction has fractal properties. Thermodynamically, the common focal expression is an (incomplete) Legendre transform between two entropy (or Massieu) potentials. The theory is in quantitative agreement with real size-rank data and it naturally includes the bends or tails observed for small and large rank.

关键词：间歇性法律波动 Legendre变换变形结构非线性映射理论描述统计力学

Radiation Tolerant Viterbi Decoders for On-Board Processing(OBP) in Satellite Communications

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China Communications 2020年第1期17卷 140-150页

作者： Zhen Gao Lina Yan Jinhua Zhu Ruishi Han Ullah Anees Reviriego Pedro School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sir Syed CASE Institute of TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan universidad carlos iii de madrid Av.Universidad 30LeganésMadrid 28005Spain

Modern satellite communication systems require on-board processing(OBP)for performance improvements,and SRAM-FPGAs are an attractive option for OBP ***,SRAM-FPGAs are sensitive to radiation effects,among which single event upsets(SEUs)are important as they can lead to data corruption and system *** paper studies the fault tolerance capability of a SRAM-FPGA implemented Viterbi decoder to SEUs on the user *** and fault injection experiments are conducted to verify that over 97%of the SEUs on user memory would not lead to output *** achieve a better reliability,selective protection schemes are then proposed to further improve the reliability of the decoder to SEUs on user memory with very small *** the results are obtained for a specific FPGA implementation,the developed reliability estimation model and the general conclusions still hold for other implementations.

关键词： viterbi decoder on-board processing FPGA user memory fault tolerance single event upsets