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Risk Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Vaginal Birth after One Cesarean (VBAC-1) in Puerto Rico

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 888-902页

作者： Irazú Guinan Marjorie Suárez Fabiola Angulo Luis Mayol Paula Suárez Lisandris Dominicci Nathalie Chang Saribel Torres Antonio Rodríguez Raymond L. Tremblay Maricarmen Colón-Díaz Department of physiology and Pathology San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Caguas USA

Background: Cesarean section (CS) has increased steadily over the last decade, with an estimated one-third of women delivering by cesarean section worldwide. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the demographic and associated factors influencing vaginal birth after one cesarean (VBAC-1) success focusing on variables like pre-pregnancy BMI, diabetes, hypertension, education, and smoking. Study Design and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed 285 cases (81 unsuccessful VBAC-1, 204 successful VBAC-1) from San Juan City Hospital (Puerto Rico) between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. We used odds ratios and model selection comparison to assess the impact of variables on successful VBAC-1, using a significance threshold of 95% CI. Model selection assessed binomial model combinations using a generalized linear approach to identify key risk factors. Results: Unsuccessful VBAC-1 (a repeat cesarean), was associated with diabetes (OR: 0.376, p = 0.086), hypertension (OR: 0.23, p = 0.006), and university-educated women (OR: 1.372, p = 0.711). High school-educated women had an OR of 3.966 (p = 0.105), while overweight women were 0.481 times more likely to have unsuccessful VBAC-1 (p = 0.041). Significant associations were not found with obesity (OR: 0.574, p = 0.122), underweight/normal (OR: 1.01, p = 0.810), or smoking (OR: 1.227, p = 0.990). Conclusion: Results revealed women with higher education levels, hypertension, or diabetes are less likely to have a successful VBAC-1. Understanding the complex interactions affecting these outcomes is aimed at establishing guidelines for healthcare professionals to conduct systematic risk/benefit assessments. This study lays a foundation for evidence-based practices and policies, offering initial insights into VBAC-1 success factors in Puerto Rico.

关键词： Diabetes Hypertension Obesity Trial of Labor Vaginal Birth after Cesarean

Gut microbiota intervention attenuates thermogenesis in broilers exposed to high temperature through modulation of the hypothalamic 5‑HT pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 679-698页

作者： Sheng Li Xiaoqing Li Kai Wang Yansen Li Kentaro Nagaoka Chunmei Li Research Centre for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Laboratory of Veterinary physiology Department of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of AgricultureTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyo 183‑8509Japan

Background Broilers have a robust metabolism and high body temperature,which make them less tolerant to hightemperature(HT)environments and more susceptible to challenges from elevated *** microbes,functioning as symbionts within the host,possess the capacity to significantly regulate the physiological functions and environmental adaptability of the *** study aims to investigate the effects of gut microbial intervention on the body temperature and thermogenesis of broilers at different ambient temperatures,as well as the underlying mechanism involving the"gut-brain"*** Broilers were subjected to gut microbiota interference with or without antibiotics(control or ABX)starting at 1 day of *** 21 day of age,they were divided into 4 groups and exposed to different environments for 7 d:The control and ABX groups at room temperature(RT,24±1℃,60%relative humidity(RH),24 h/d)and the control-HT and ABX-HT groups at high temperature(HT,32±1℃,60%RH,24 h/d).Results The results demonstrated that the antibiotic-induced gut microbiota intervention increased body weight and improved feed conversion in broiler chickens(P<0.05).Under HT conditions,the microbiota intervention reduced the rectal temperature of broiler chickens(P<0.05),inhibited the expression of avUCP and thermogenesisrelated genes in breast muscle and liver(P<0.05),and thus decreased thermogenesis ***,the gut microbiota intervention blunted the hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal axis and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis activation induced by HT *** analyzing the cecal microbiota composition of control and ABX chickens maintained under HT conditions,we found that Alistipes was enriched in control *** contrast,antibioticinduced gut microbiota intervention resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of Alistipes(P<0.05).Moreover,this difference was accompanied by increased hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)content and TPH2 expression(P<0.05).Conclus

关键词： 5-HT Broiler chickens Gut microbiota Thermogenesis Thermoregulation

Exploring the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide and semen quality parameters:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第1期13卷 12-21页

作者： Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny Mojtaba Aghaei Mohammad Reza Dabbagh Hamid Ghorbani Moslem Javidan Reza Mohammadpour Fard Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute Physiology Research CenterDepartment of PhysiologySchool of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran Department of Immunology Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran

Objective:To investigate the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide(SO2)exposure and semen quality ***:A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the association between SO2 exposure and semen quality *** search encompassed the timeframe from January 2000 to May 2023 and included electronic databases such as Web of Science,Google Scholar,PubMed,Cochrane,and *** effect estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated using percent changes(PC).The meta-analysis included seven studies with 6711 participants and 15087 semen ***:The results revealed a significant negative association between ambient SO2 exposure and certain semen quality *** particular,SO2 exposure was associated with a significant decrease in progressive motility(PC=0.032;95%CI:-0.063 to-0.001;P=0.044)and sperm concentration(PC=-0.020;95%CI:-0.036 to-0.005;P=0.012).However,no statistically significant associations were observed for total sperm count(PC=-0.038;95%CI:-0.079 to 0.003;P=0.070),seminal fluid volume(PC=-0.009;95%CI:-0.048 to-0.030;P=0.662)and sperm motility(PC=-0.17;95%CI:-0.363 to 0.022;P=0.830).In addition,the results of the subgroup analysis revealed specific variables that were associated with the decrease in relevant sperm ***:This systematic review and meta-analysis provides compelling evidence supporting a consistent negative association between exposure to ambient SO2 and semen quality parameters.

关键词： Semen quality Sulfur dioxide Ambient air pollution Meta-analysis

Empagliflozin reduces brain pathology in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1189-1190页

作者： Carmen Hierro-Bujalance Monica Garcia-Alloza Division of physiology School of MedicineUniversidad de CadizCadizSpain Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz(INIBICA) CadizSpain Salus Infirmorum-Universidad de Cadiz CadizSpain

Alzheimer's disease(AD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D):More than 55 million people suffer from dementia,and it is expected that over 150 million people will suffer from this disease by *** is the most common type of dementia and while aging remains the main risk factor to suffer it,previous studies have also shown that metabolic disorders,and T2D specifically,are also major contributors(Wang et al.,2012).

关键词： Alzheimer diabetes

Aerobic interval training preconditioning protocols inhibit isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac remodeling in rats:Implications on oxidative balance,autophagy,and apoptosis

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 344-357页

作者： Hakimeh Shahsavarnajand Bonab Javad Tolouei Azar Hamid Soraya Akbar Nouri Habashi Department of Exercise physiology and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran

This study aimed to investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of moderate and high-intensity aerobic interval training(MIIT and HIIT)*** focus was on histological changes,pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance,autophagy initiation,and apoptosis in myocardial tissue incited by isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac remodeling(ISO-induced PCR).Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control(n=6),ISO(n=8),MIIT(n=4),HIIT(n=4),MIIT+ISO(n=8),and HIIT+ISO(n=8)*** MIIT and HIIT protocols were administered for 10 weeks,followed by the induction of cardiac remodeling using subcutaneous injection of ISO(100 mg/kg for two consecutive days).Alterations in heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),rate pressure product(RPP),myocardial oxygen consumption(MVO_(2)),cardiac hypertrophy,histopathological changes,prooxidant-antioxidant balance,autophagy biomarkers(Beclin-1,Atg7,p62,LC3Ⅰ/Ⅱ),and apoptotic cell distribution were *** findings revealed that the MIIT+ISO and HIIT+ISO groups demonstrated diminished myocardial damage,hemorrhage,immune cell infiltration,edema,necrosis,and apoptosis compared to ISO induced *** and HIIT preconditioning mitigated HR,enhanced MAP,and preserved MVO_(2)and *** pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance was sustained in both MIIT+ISO and HIIT+ISO groups,with MIIT primarily inhibiting pro-apoptotic autophagy progression through maintaining pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance,and HIIT promoting pro-survival *** results demonstrated the beneficial effects of both MIIT and HIIT as AITs preconditioning in ameliorating ISO-induced PCR by improving exercise capacity,hemodynamic parameters,and histopathological *** of these protective effects can be attributed to the modulation of cardiac apoptosis,autophagy,and oxidative stress.

关键词： Pathological cardiac remodeling Aerobic interval training preconditioning Oxidative stress Autophagy Apoptosis

Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei Zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang Yue Zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Clinical Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal *** identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is *** our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus *** enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory ***,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy ***,*** up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet *** espe-cially significant finding is that *** activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of *** summary,our results strongly indicate that *** enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 319-330页

作者： Priya Bhardwaj Swarnabha Sarkar Ritu Mishra Department of Pharmacology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India Department of physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India Department of Zoology University of AllahabadPrayagrajUttar Pradesh-211002India

The recently re-emerged mpox(monkeypox)virus that causes mpox disease is a member of genus Orthopoxvirus and has unprecedentedly spread *** studies have contributed to our understanding of its evolution,pathophysiology,and clinical *** current outbreak of the mpox virus depicts its novel route of transmission as a new ***,the exact reason for its transition from an epidemic to a pandemic remains ***,other poxviruses such as vaccinia virus,variola virus,and cowpox virus,also belong to the same genus,*** the present review,our objective was to summarize the evidence on evolution,pathophysiology,and clinical manifestations of mpox virus and its related *** present review would aid in a better understanding of the current circulating mpox virus and its differences from other *** addition,the shared genetic factors contributing to virulence in these Orthopoxvirus highlight their evolutionary connections and genetic *** they exhibit differences in virulence,studying these genetic relationships is crucial for understanding their biology,pathogenicity,and the development of effective vaccines and antiviral therapeutics to curb mpox disease.

关键词： Evolution Mpox Orthopoxviruses Pathophysiology Poxviruses Transmission

GST family genes in jujube actively respond to phytoplasma infection

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 77-90页

作者： Qipeng Wang Liman Zhang Chaoling Xue Yao Zhang Xiangrui Meng Zhiguo Liu Mengjun Liu Jin Zhao College of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant physiology and Molecular Pathology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China Research Center of Chinese Jujube Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Jujube witches’broom(JWB)caused by phytoplasma has a severely negative effect on multiple metabolisms in *** GST gene family in plants participates in the regulation of a variety of biotic and abiotic *** study aims to identify and reveal the changes in the jujube GST gene family in response to phytoplasma ***,70 ZjGSTs were identified in the jujube genome and divided into 8 *** them,the Tau-class,including 44 genes,was the *** analysis indicated that Tau-class genes were highly conserved among species,such as Arabidopsis,cotton,chickpea,and *** chromosome location analysis,37.1%of genes were clustered,and 8 of 9 gene clusters were composed of Tau class *** RT-PCR,qRT-PCR and enzyme activity detection,the results showed that the expression of half(20/40)of the tested ZjGSTs was inhibited by phytoplasma infection in field and tissue culture conditions,and GST activity was also significantly *** the resistant and susceptible varieties under phytoplasma infection,ZjGSTU49-ZjGSTU54 in the cluster IV showed opposite expression patterns,which may be due to functional divergence during *** upregulated genes(ZjGSTU45,ZjGSTU49,ZjGSTU59,and ZjGSTU70)might be involved in the process of jujube against *** yeast two-hybrid results showed that all 6 Tauclass proteins tested could form homodimers or ***,the comprehensive analysis of the jujube GST gene family revealed that ZjGSTs responded actively to phytoplasma ***,some screened genes(ZjGSTU24,ZjGSTU49-52,ZjGSTU70,and ZjDHAR10)will contribute to further functional studies of jujube-phytoplasma interactions.

关键词： Chinese jujube GST gene Family Phytoplasma Gene cluster Expression Protein interaction

Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin‑producing *** challenged weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1278-1291页

作者： Matthias Dierick Ruben Ongena Daisy Vanrompay Bert Devriendt Eric Cox Laboratory of Immunology Department of Translational PhysiologyInfectiology and Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 6539000 GhentBelgium

Background Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+Escherichia coli(***)infections resulting in post-weaning diar-rhoea or oedema *** used management strategies,including colistin and zinc oxide,have contrib-uted to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial *** antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being *** has shown promising results against porcine enterotoxigenic *** strains,both in vitro and in *** We investigated the influence of bovine lactoferrin(bLF)on the microbiome of healthy and infected weaned ***,we assessed whether bLF influenced the immune responses upon Shiga toxin-producing ***(STEC)***,2 in vivo trials were conducted:a microbiome trial and a challenge infection trial,using an F18+STEC *** did not affect theα-andβ-***,bLF groups showed a higher relative abundance(RA)for the Actinobacteria phylum and the Bifidobacterium genus in the ileal *** analysing the immune response upon infection,the STEC group exhibited a significant increase in F18-specific IgG serum levels,whereas this response was absent in the bLF *** Taken together,the oral administration of bLF did not have a notable impact on theα-andβ-diversity of the gut microbiome in weaned ***,it did increase the RA of the Actinobacteria phylum and Bifi-dobacterium genus,which have previously been shown to play an important role in maintaining gut ***,bLF administration during STEC infection resulted in the absence of F18-specific serum IgG responses.

关键词： E.coli Immune modulation Lactoferrin Microbiome