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Artificial Intelligence in Cancer 2024年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Paola Tombesi Andrea Cutini Valentina Grasso Francesca Di Vece Ugo Politti Eleonora Capatti Florence Labb Stefano Petaccia Sergio Sartori department of Internal Medicine Section of Interventional UltrasoundSt.Anna HospitalFerrara 44100Italy Esaote S.p.A. Genova 16100Italy

The first ablation procedures for small hepatocellular carcinomas were percutaneous ethanol injection under ultrasound(US)***,radiofrequency ablation was shown to achieve larger coagulation areas than percutaneous ethanol injection and became the most used ablation technique *** the past decade,microwave ablation systems have achieved larger ablation areas than radiofrequency ablation,suggesting that the 3-cm barrier could be broken in the treatment of liver ***,US techniques to guide percutaneous ablation have seen important ***-enhanced US(CEUS)can define and target the tumor better than US and can assess the size of the ablation area after the procedure,which allows immediate retreatment of the residual tumor ***,fusion imaging fuses real-time US images with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging with significant improvements in detecting and targeting lesions with low conspicuity on ***,software powered by artificial intelligence has been developed to allow three-dimensional segmentation and reconstruction of the anatomical structures,aiding in procedure planning,assessing ablation completeness,and targeting the residual viable foci with greater precision than ***,this could lead to the ablation of tumors up to 5-7 cm in size.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Fusion imaging Percutaneous thermal ablation Microwave ablation Radiofrequency ablation ultrasound Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3372-3375页

作者： Lei Gao Qiang Lin department of Medical imaging North China Petroleum Bureau General HospitalHebei Medical UniversityRenqiu 062552Hebei ProvinceChina department of Oncology North China Petroleum Bureau General HospitalHebei Medical UniversityRenqiu 062552Hebei ProvinceChina

Gastric cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent cancer *** recent research within the realm of gastric cancer treatment,the identification and application of immune-related genetic features have emerged as groundbreaking *** study by Ma et al,which developed a prognostic model based on 10 genes,categorizes patients into high and low-risk groups to predict their responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitor *** research underscores the potential of immune-related genes as biomarkers for personalized treatment,offering insights into tumor mutation burden and immune phenotype *** advocate for further validation,understanding of biological mechanisms,and integration of diverse datasets to enhance the model's predictive accuracy and clinical application,marking a significant step towards personalized and precise treatment for gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Personalized treatment Immune-related genes Immunotherapy Genomics

Evaluation of Medical Prescribers’ Theoretical Knowledge on Medical imaging in the Northern Region of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 33-41页

作者： Some Milckisédek Judicaël Marouruana Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Tankoano Aïda Ida Savadogo Habibou Kindo Bassirou Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Bamouni Yomboé Abel Diallo Ousseini department of Medical imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital University of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso department of Medical imaging Souro Sanou University Hospital Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso department of Medical imaging Bogodogo University Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Workers Health Office Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso department of Medical imaging Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Medical imaging is a medical specialty that involves producing images of the human body and interpreting them for diagnostic, therapeutic purposes, and for monitoring the progress of pathologies. We aimed to assess the theoretical knowledge of doctors and interns in medical imaging in the northern region of Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey based on a self-administered questionnaire. Prescribers knowledge was estimated based on scores derived from questionnaire responses. Results: We collected 106 questionnaires out of 163, i.e. a participation rate of 65.03%. The average knowledge score was 81.71% for the contribution of medical imaging to patient management. It was 60.02% for the indications/counter-indications of radiological examinations and 72.56% for the risks associated with exposure to radiation during these examinations. The score was 59.83% for the methods used to select the appropriate radiological examination. As regards the completeness of the clinical and biological information on the forms requesting imaging examinations, the score was 96.65%. Specialist doctors had the highest overall level of knowledge (74.68%). Conclusion: Improved technical facilities, good initial and in-service training, and interdisciplinary collaboration will help to ensure that imaging tests are properly prescribed, leading to better patient care.

关键词： Theoretical Knowledge Medical imaging Northern Region Burkina Faso

Contribution and Relevance of Transfontanellar ultrasound in Newborns in Ouagadougou: Multicentre Study on 1000 Cases

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 64-73页

作者： Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Somé Milckisédek Judickael Dabire Stive Arnauld Tankoano Ida Aida Napon Aischa Madina Nikiema Zakari Diallo Ousseini Lougue Sorgho Leonie Claudine Cisse Rabiou department of Medical imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Centre Ouahigouya University Ouahigouya Burkina Faso department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso department of Medical imaging Souro Sanon University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Medical imaging Service Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso department of Medical imaging Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiodiagnostic and Medical imaging Laboratory Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objectives: To demonstrate the contribution and relevance of ETFs through the study of 1000 examination reports carried out in the medical imaging departments of the OUAGADOUGOU CHU. Material and method: Analytical descriptive study with retrospective collection, extended from 1st January 2020 to 1st January 2022. Results: Of the 1000 transfontanellar ultrasound reports, the mean age of patients was 7.61 +/ 7.5 days, with extremes of zero and 28 days. Sex was specified in 989 cases. Males accounted for 54.49% and females for 45.51%. 555 transfontanellar ultrasound were performed in 2020. 441 in 2021 and 4 in 2022. 61.9% of transfontanellar ultrasound were performed at the Bogodogo University Hospital, 205 at Charles de Gaulle and 176 at Tengandogo. Indications for transfontanellar ultrasound were dominated by neonatal distress (65.8%), followed by convulsions (10.2%) and prematurity (9.1%). Transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 570 cases (57%) and abnormal in 430 cases (43%). Abnormalities were dominated by haemorrhage and ischaemic lesions in 66.28% (285) and 21.63% (93) of cases respectively. In the group of normal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal distress represented 59.65% of indications and prematurity 10.7% of indications. As for abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal suffering accounted for 73.95% of indications and convulsions for 12.56%. The average age ofpatients with an abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound was 8.74 days +/ 7.89 days. The indication for investigations was relevant in 42.2% of cases and irrelevant in 57.8%;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with relevant indications, 0.71 were normal and 99.29 abnormal;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with irrelevant indications, the transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 98.1% and abnormal in 1.9%. Conclusion: Transfontanellar ultrasound is an important part of ultrasound in current practice. Haemorrhage, anoxic-ischaemic lesions and hydrocephalus are the most frequent pathologies fou

关键词： Transfontanellar ultrasound Neonatal Distress Relevance

Synthetic fungal melanin UV absorbers

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3098-3110页

作者： Chao Wang Rong Zhang Jianhua Zhang Xueqian Zhang Hengjie Zhang Huan Cao Zhen Yang Yiwen Li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China department of Radiology Huaxi MR Research CenterFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Agents with robust ultraviolet(UV)absorption capabilities play a vital role in safeguarding organisms and inorganic materials from UV ***,the synthetic procedures towards these UV absorbers are usually lengthy and complicated,accompanied by undesirable side reactions and the generation of toxic *** nature,allomelanin,a class of melanins variant found in melanized fungi near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant,plays crucial roles in the cell wall of melanized fungi,offering resistance to harsh external environments and promising UV resistance ***,allomelanin can be rapidly biosynthesized via the polymerization of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene in presence of enzymes in *** by this,we report here a green enzymatic polymerization strategy to efficiently and eco-friendly synthesize polydihydroxynaphthalene(PDHN)-based artificial allomelanin nanoparticles(NPs)with interesting *** calculations and experimental results demonstrated that the PDHN NPs exhibited excellent UVabsorption capacity,surpassing another widely used artificial melanin,polydopamine(PDA).Moreover,the light absorption mechanism of PDHN NPs was systematically elucidated for the first ***,the PDHN NPs were incorporated with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)to create an anti-aging composite film with significantly enhanced UV shielding *** potential of these composite films in safeguarding plants from UV damage was meticulously ***,these PDHN NPs were first found to produce hydroxyl radicals(·OH)under UV irradiation,offering antibacterial properties that expand their potential applications.

关键词： melanin artificial allomelanin nanoparticles green synthesis UV absorption antibacterial

Structural disruption of melanin-like polymers with boosted UV protection

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1653-1663页

作者： Zhen Yang Xianheng Wang Wanjie Bai Zikun Zou Haoxing Wu Yiwen Li department of Radiology Huaxi MR Research CenterFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Manipulating the energy structure of materials represents an efficient way to regulate their light absorption behaviors. For example, constructing donor-acceptor(D-A) structures to increase the polarizability and reduce the energy bandgap of local molecules has been widely used in the field of organic photovoltaics with ordered structures. Remarkably, even in disordered and chaotic systems such as melanin-like polydopamine(PDA), visible and near-infrared light absorption can be significantly improved using this strategy. However, there has been a noticeable dearth of research on the ultraviolet(UV) light absorption regulation of bioinspired polymers with disordered and chaotic architectures by tailoring the D-A microstructures. In this study, a series of benzoheterocyclic molecules with strong electron-donating features screened by molecular simulation calculations were involved in disrupting the D-A structures within PDA. The destruction of D-A structures promoted the increase of the energy band gap and finally boosted the UV absorption of PDA. The resulting PDA nanoparticles with enhanced UV absorption were further employed to fabricate UV shielding composite films to protect the growth of plants from harmful UV radiation. This research may open up new avenues for structural disruption of bioinspired polymers for enhanced photoprotection applications.

关键词： melanin-like polymers polydopamine D-A structure UV absorption photoprotection

Positron Emission Tomography imaging of Synaptic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 743-758页

作者： Jiaqi Niu Yan Zhong Chentao Jin Peili Cen Jing Wang Chunyi Cui Le Xue Xingyue Cui Mei Tian Hong Zhang department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310009China Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular imaging of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310009China College of Biomedical Engineering&Instrument Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai200040China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex *** formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine and non-dopamine *** loss of dopaminergic neurons and concomitant alterations in non-dopaminergic function in PD constitute its primary pathological *** emission tomography(PET),as a representative molecular imaging technique,enables the non-invasive visualization,characterization,and quantification of biological processes at cellular and molecular *** synaptic function with PET would provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD and facilitate the optimization of clinical *** this review,we focus on the synaptic dysfunction associated with theαSyn pathology of PD,summarize various related targets and radiopharmaceuticals,and discuss applications and perspectives of PET imaging of synaptic dysfunction in PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Positron emission tomography Synapse dysfunction Alpha-synuclein Dopamine system Non-dopamine system

Application of texture signatures based on multiparameter-magnetic resonance imaging for predicting microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma:Retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1309-1318页

作者： Hai-Yang Nong Yong-Yi Cen Mi Qin Wen-Qi Qin You-Xiang Xie Lin Li Man-Rong Liu Ke Ding department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530031Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina department of Radiology The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise 533000Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanning 530031Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530031Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina department of ultrasound The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530031Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Despite continuous changes in treatment methods,the survival rate for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients remains low,highlighting the importance of diagnostic methods for *** To explore the efficacy of texture analysis based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance(MR)imaging(MRI)in predicting microvascular invasion(MVI)in preoperative *** This study included 105 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC,categorized into MVI-positive and MVI-negative *** employed Original Data Analysis,Principal Component Analysis,Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA),and Non-LDA(NDA)for texture analysis using multi-parametric MR images to predict preoperative *** effectiveness of texture analysis was determined using the B11 program of the MaZda4.6 software,with results expressed as the misjudgment rate(MCR).RESULTS Texture analysis using multi-parametric MRI,particularly the MI+PA+F dimensionality reduction method combined with NDA discrimination,demonstrated the most effective prediction of MVI in *** accuracy in the pulse and equilibrium phases was 83.81%.MCRs for the combination of T2-weighted imaging(T2WI),arterial phase,portal venous phase,and equilibrium phase were 22.86%,16.19%,20.95%,and 20.95%,*** area under the curve for predicting MVI positivity was 0.844,with a sensitivity of 77.19%and specificity of 91.67%.CONCLUSION Texture analysis of arterial phase images demonstrated superior predictive efficacy for MVI in HCC compared to T2WI,portal venous,and equilibrium *** study provides an objective,non-invasive method for preoperative prediction of MVI,offering a theoretical foundation for the selection of clinical therapy.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Hepatocellular carcinoma Texture analysis Microvascular invasion

Noncontact ultrasound sensing based on Mach-Zehnder homodyne interferometer for photoacoustic imaging

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第3期22卷 101-106页

作者：龙星胡毅成王一冰李长辉 department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Biomedical imaging Center Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We present a novel noncontact ultrasound(US)and photoacoustic imaging(PAI)system,overcoming the limitations of traditional coupling *** a long coherent length laser,we employ a homodyne free-space Mach-Zehnder setup with zero-crossing triggering,achieving a noise equivalent pressure of 703 Pa at 5 MHz and a-6 dB bandwidth of 1 to8.54 *** address the phase uncertainty inherent in the homodyne *** the noncontact US probe enables photoacoustic computed tomography(PACT).Phantom studies demonstrate imaging performance and system stability,underscoring the potential of our system for noncontact US sensing and PAI.

关键词： noncontact ultrasound sensing photoacoustic imaging Mach–Zehnder interferometer

High-performance terahertz modulators induced by substrate field in Te-based all-2D heterojunctions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 577-586页

作者： Pujing Zhang Qihang Liang Qingli Zhou Jinyu Chen Menglei Li Yuwang Deng Wanlin Liang Liangliang Zhang Qinghua Zhang Lin Gu Chen Ge Kui-juan Jin Cunlin Zhang Guozhen Yang department of Physics Key Laboratory of Terahertz OptoelectronicsMinistry of Educationand Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Theory and TechnologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China department of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High-performance active terahertz modulators as the indispensable core components are of great importance for the next generation communication ***,they currently suffer from the tradeoff between modulation depth and ***,we introduce two-dimensional(2D)tellurium(Te)nanofilms with the unique structure as a new class of optically controlled terahertz modulators and demonstrate their integrated heterojunctions can successfully improve the device performances to the optimal and applicable levels among the existing all-2D broadband *** photoresponse measurements confirm the significant impact of the stacking *** first clarify the direction of the substrate-induced electric field through first-principles calculations and uncover the unusual interaction mechanism in the photoexcited carrier dynamics associated with the charge transfer and interlayer exciton *** advances the fundamental and applicative research of Te nanomaterials in high-performance terahertz optoelectronics.

关键词： performance field terahertz