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Updated developments on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第3期9卷 455-468页

作者： Dongjian Zhang Meng Gao Qiaomei Jin Yicheng Ni Jian Zhang Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210028China Laboratories of Translational Medicine Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing210028China Theragnostic Laboratory Campus GasthuisbergKU LeuvenLeuven3000Belgium

Cell death plays important roles in living organisms and is a hallmark of numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, sepsis and acute pancreatitis. Moreover, cell death also plays a pivotal role in the treatment of certain diseases, for example, cancer. Noninvasive visualization of cell death contributes to gained insight into diseases, development of individualized treatment plans, evaluation of treatment responses, and prediction of patient prognosis. On the other hand, cell death can also be targeted for the treatment of diseases. Although there are many ways for a cell to die, only apoptosis and necrosis have been extensively studied in terms of cell death related theranostics. This review mainly focuses on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Necrosis shares common morphological characteristics including the rupture of cell membrane integrity and release of cellular contents, which provide potential biomarkers for visualization of necrosis and necrosis targeted therapy. In the present review, we summarize the updated joint efforts to develop molecular imaging probes and therapeutic strategies targeting the biomarkers exposed by necrotic cells. Moreover, we also discuss the challenges in developing necrosis imaging probes and propose several biomarkers of necrosis that deserve to be explored in future imaging and therapy research.

关键词： Necrosis avid agents Exposed DNA Molecular imaging Targeted therapy Solid tumor Myocardial infarction

基于孔隙结构特征的透水混凝土性能评价与分析

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宁夏工程技术 2024年第2期23卷 146-153,159页

作者：朱海峰娄亮张东生毛明杰宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院宁夏银川750021 Department of Civil Engineering KU LeuvenBruges 8200Belgium

为探究不同因素对透水混凝土力学性能、透水性能和孔隙特征的影响,选择了水胶比、集灰比、粉煤灰掺量、煤矸石掺量4个因素,采用单因素试验方法研究了各因素在不同水平下对透水混凝土(EPC)性能的影响;利用图像分析法对混凝土内部孔隙特... 详细信息

为探究不同因素对透水混凝土力学性能、透水性能和孔隙特征的影响,选择了水胶比、集灰比、粉煤灰掺量、煤矸石掺量4个因素,采用单因素试验方法研究了各因素在不同水平下对透水混凝土(EPC)性能的影响;利用图像分析法对混凝土内部孔隙特征进行量化分析,并建立EPC的透水系数模型和抗压强度模型;利用熵权法结合灰色关联理论对EPC性能的影响因素进行了综合评价。结果表明:EPC的抗压强度与劈裂抗拉强度基本满足正相关的关系,通过数值拟合发现,其满足一定的函数关系;粉煤灰掺量系列的透水混凝土具有相对较高的拉压比,表明粉煤灰能有效改善EPC韧性;等效孔径可用作特征孔径,根据孔隙特征和总浆体面积分别建立了EPC的透水系数模型和抗压强度模型;煤矸石掺量系列的EPC关联度相对较高,当煤矸石掺量为60%时,综合评价最高,关联度为89.56%。

关键词：透水系数劈裂抗拉强度煤矸石图像分析法特征孔径灰色关联分析

Androgens and estrogens in skeletal sexual dimorphism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 213-222,I0008页

作者： Michael Laurent Leen Antonio Mieke Sinnesael Vanessa Dubois Evelien Gielen Frank Classens Dirk Vanderschueren Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Gerontology and Geriatrics Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine KU Leuven Leuven Begum Geriatric Medicine University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium Clinical and Experimental Endccrinology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Endocrinology and Andrology Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory Medicine University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium.

Bone is an endocrine tissue expressing androgen and estrogen receptors as well as steroid metabolizing enzymes. The bioactivity of circulating sex steroids is modulated by sex hormone-binding globulin and local conversion in bone tissue, for example, from testosterone （T） to estradiol （E2） by aromatase, or to dihydrotestosterone by 5（x-reductase enzymes. Our understanding of the structural basis for gender differences in bone strength has advanced considerably over recent years due to increasing use of （high resolution） peripheral computed tomography. These microarchitectural insights form the basis to understand sex steroid influences on male peak bone mass and turnover in cortical vs trabecular bone. Recent studies using Cre/LoxP technology have further refined our mechanistic insights from global knockout mice into the direct contributions of sex steroids and their respective nuclear receptors in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and other cells to male osteoporosis. At the same time, these studies have reinforced the notion that androgen and estrogen deficiency have both direct and pleiotropic effects via interaction with, for example, insulin-like growth factor 1, inflammation, oxidative stress, central nervous system control of bone metabolism, adaptation to mechanical loading, etc., This review will summarize recent advances on these issues in the field of sex steroid actions in male bone homeostasis.

关键词： androgen receptor bone mineral density estradiol estrogen receptor male osteoblast osteoclast osteocyte osteoporosis sex hormone-binding globulin testosterone

Characterization of landfilled stainless steel slags in view of metal recovery

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 353-362页

作者： Xuan Wang Daneel Geysen Tom Van Gerven Peter T. Jones Bart Blanpain Muxing Guo Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering KU Leuven 3001 Heverlee Belgium Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven 3001 Heverlee Belgium Department of Research and Development Group Machiels 3001 Heverlee Belgium

The slag samples taken from landfill, which originated from different metallurgical processes, have been characterized in this study. The slags were categor- ized as electric arc furnace （EAF） slag, argon oxygen decarburization/metal refining process slag and vacuum oxygen decarburization slag based on chromium content and basicity. EAF slags have higher potential in metal recovery than the other two slags due to its higher iron and chromium contents. The size of the iron-chromium-nickel alloy particles varies from a few ~tm up to several cm. The recoveries of large metal particles and metal-spinel aggregates have potential to make the metal recovery from landfilled slags economically viable.

关键词： landfilled stainless steel slag metal recovery characterization

Editorial:Industrial relevance of molybdenum in China

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Advances in Manufacturing 2020年第1期8卷 35-39页

作者： Tim Outteridge Nicole Kinsman Gaetano Ronchi Hardy Mohrbacher International Molybdenum Association LondonUK Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium NiobelCon bvba SchildeBelgium

About 80%of all molybdenum mined in the world(not including units recovered via recycling)is used as an alloying element in iron and *** general,the intensity of molybdenum use in China is still lower than in more highly developed regions such as the USA and *** difference is manifest in both carbon steels and stainless steels,suggesting a significant opportunity for more widespread use of molybdenum in the future as China follows its self-reliance policy,calling for more sophisticated *** market development,as being pursued by the International Molybdenum Association(IMOA),is a key asset in that *** article summarizes some key facts on molybdenum mining,use and market development in China.

关键词： China molybdenum industry Global molybdenum reserves Molybdenum applications Enduser markets Molybdenum alloying Market development

Anti-fibrotic effect of adipose-derived stem cells on fibrotic scars

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第2期14卷 200-213页

作者： Sophie Vanderstichele Jan Jeroen Vranckx Master in Medicine KUL Leuven UniversityLeuven 3000Belgium Department of Plastic Reconstructive SurgeryKU-Leuven University HospitalsLeuven 3000Belgium

BACKGROUND Sustained injury,through radiotherapy,burns or surgical trauma,can result in fibrosis,displaying an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM),persisting inflammatory reaction,and reduced *** increasing recognition of fibrosis as a cause for disease and mortality,and increasing use of radiotherapy causing fibrosis,stresses the importance of a decent anti-fibrotic *** To obtain an in-depth understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying fibrosis,and more specifically,the potential mechanisms-of-action of adiposederived stomal cells(ADSCs)in realizing their anti-fibrotic *** A systematic review of the literature using PubMed,Embase and Web of Science was performed by two independent *** The injection of fat grafts into fibrotic tissue,releases ADSC into the ***’capacity to directly differentiate into key cell types(e.g.,ECs,fibroblasts),as well as to secrete multiple paracrine factors(e.g.,hepatocyte growth factor,basis fibroblast growth factor,IL-10),allows them to alter different mechanisms underlying fibrosis in a combined *** favor ECM degradation by impacting the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation,favoring matrix metalloproteinases over tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases,positively influencing collagen organization,and inhibiting the pro-fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor-β***,they impact elements of both the innate and adaptive immune response system,and stimulate angiogenesis on the site of injury(through secretion of pro-angiogenic cytokines like stromal cell-derived factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor).CONCLUSION This review shows that understanding the complex interactions of ECM accumulation,immune response and vascularization,is vital to fibrosis treatments’effectiveness like fat *** details how ADSCs intelligently steer this complex system in an anti-fibrotic or pro-angiogenic direction,without falling in

关键词： Fibrosis Fat grafting Adipose-derived stem cells Angiogenesis Anti-fibrotic effect Immunomodulation

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第11期11卷 1027-1038页

作者： Annelies Falter Maarten J A Van Den Bossche Department of Geriatric Psychiatry University Psychiatric Center KU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium Center for Neuropsychiatry Research Group PsychiatryDepartment of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteKU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary *** attempts to identify characteristic factors that are associated with the presence of the AD pathology on the one hand and that increase the risk of developing AD on the *** in non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep may meet both requirements for various ***,NREM-sleep is important for optimal memory *** addition,studies report that the presence of AD pathology is associated with NREM-sleep ***,more and more results appear to suggest that sleep problems are not only a symptom of AD but can also increase the risk of *** of these studies suggest that it is primarily a lack of NREM-sleep that is responsible for this increased ***,the majority investigated sleep only through subjective reporting,as a result of which NREMsleep could not be analyzed *** aim of this literature study is therefore to present the results of the studies that relate the AD pathology and NREM-sleep(registered by electroencephalography).Furthermore,we try to evaluate whether NREM-sleep analysis could be used to support the diagnosis of AD and whether NREM-sleep deficiency could be a causal factor in the development of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Mild cognitive impairment Sleep Non-rapid eye movement sleep Amyloid beta-peptides Tau proteins Electroencephalography

Sulfur-modified nickel selenide as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 198-203,I0005页

作者： Kai Wan Jiangshui Luo Xuan Zhang Palaniappan Subramanian Jan Fransaer Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The sluggish four-electron transfer of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)limits the performance of water ***,OER electrocatalysts based on earth-abundant elements are urgently *** doping has been an efficient approach to boost the intrinsic OER activity of the active sites by modifying the electronic ***,a simple anion substitution strategy is reported that increases the OER activity of nickel selenides via a one-step hydrothermal treatment of a metal–organic framework *** resulting S-substituted Ni_(3)Se_(4) nanoparticles display distortion of their crystal *** expected,the sulfur substitution modifies the electronic structure of Ni_(3)Se_(4) and leads to outstanding electrocatalytic *** the S-substituted Ni_(3)Se_(4) catalysts exhibit higher OER activities than the original Ni_(3)Se_(4).The optimized catalyst achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at an overpotential of 275 mV with a Tafel slope of 64 mV dec^(−1) in 1.0 M *** addition to its electrochemical activity,the S-Ni_(3)Se_(4)-2 catalyst also exhibits good stability with only a 7.5%increase in overpotential at 50 mA cm^(−2) after 100 *** work demonstrates one strategy to modify the electronic structure of transition metal compounds by anion regulation.

关键词： Anion substitution Nickel selenide Electronic structure Oxygen evolution reaction

Neutrophil chemoattractant receptors in health and disease: double-edged swords

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第5期17卷 433-450页

作者： Mieke Metzemaekers Mieke Gouwy Paul Proost Laboratory of Molecular Immunology Rega InstituteKU LeuvenHerestraat 49 bus 1042B-3000 LeuvenBelgium

Neutrophils are frontline cells of the innate immune *** effector leukocytes are equipped with intriguing antimicrobial machinery and consequently display high cytotoxic *** neutrophil recruitment is essential to combat microbes and to restore homeostasis,for inflammation modulation and resolution,wound healing and tissue *** fulfilling the appropriate effector functions,however,dampening neutrophil activation and infiltration is crucial to prevent damage to the *** humans,chemoattractant molecules can be categorized into four biochemical families,i.e.,chemotactic lipids,formyl peptides,complement anaphylatoxins and *** are critically involved in the tight regulation of neutrophil bone marrow storage and egress and in spatial and temporal neutrophil trafficking between *** function by activating dedicated heptahelical G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs).In addition,emerging evidence suggests an important role for atypical chemoattractant receptors(ACKRs)that do not couple to G proteins in fine-tuning neutrophil migratory and functional *** expression levels of chemoattractant receptors are dependent on the level of neutrophil maturation and state of activation,with a pivotal modulatory role for the(inflammatory)***,we provide an overview of chemoattractant receptors expressed by neutrophils in health and *** on the(patho)physiological context,specific chemoattractant receptors may be up-or downregulated on distinct neutrophil subsets with beneficial or detrimental consequences,thus opening new windows for the identification of disease biomarkers and potential drug targets.

关键词： Neutrophils chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptors chemokine leukocyte migration