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Single and multi domain buckled germanene phases on Al(111)surface

Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 2988-2996页

作者： Dmitriy A.Muzychenko Sergey I.Oreshkin Vladimir I.Panov Chris Van Haesendonck Andrey I.Oreshkin Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University119991 MoscowRussia Sternberg Astronomical Institute Lomonosov Moscow State University119234 MoscowRussia Solid-State Physics and Magnetism Section KU LeuvenBE-3001 LeuvenBelgium

The simultaneous formati on of single domain(3×3)and multi domai n(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germa nene phases on Al(111)surface in thesub-monolayer range was studied using seanning tunneling microscopy(STM)and density functional theory(DFT)based *** results revealed that both germa nene phases nu cleate and grow in dependently from each other and regardless of Al substratetemperature within significantly expanded range Ts=27-200℃.Our results unambiguously showed that STM images with hexagonalcontrast yield correct-resolved structure for both germanene phases,while honeycomb contrast is a result of an artificial tip-induced STM ***-principles calculations suggested atomic models with strongly buckled germanene(2×2)/Al(111)(3×3)and(√3×√3)R30°/Al(111)(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)with one of eight and one of six Ge atoms protruding upward respectively,that consistently describe the experimentally observed STM images both for single and multi domai n surface *** to the DFT based simulati ons both germa nene(2×2)and(√3×√3)R30°superstructures have a stretched lattice strain with respect to the ideal free-standing germa nene by 6.2%and 13.9%,***,numerous small domains separated by domain boundaries in the(√3×√3)R30°/Al(111)(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germanenephase tend to reduce the surface energy and prevent the formation of extended single domains,in contrast to the(2×2)/Al(111)(3×3)***,our experimental results showed that the nucleation and growth of germa nene on Al(111)surface yield strong modifications of Alsurface even at room temperature(RT),which may be contributed to the formation of Al-Ge alloy due to Ge surface solid-states reactivitythat was ignored in recent *** is already evident from our present findings that the role of Al atoms in the formation of(3×3)and(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germa nene phases is worthy to be carefully studied in the future,which could be an important knowledge for large-quantityfabrication of germane

关键词： germanene two-dimensional(2D)materials scanning tunneling microscopy density functional theory aluminum

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Interconnected and high cycling stability polypyrrole supercapacitors using cellulose nanocrystals and commonly used inorganic salts as dopants

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 165-174,I0005页

作者： Zuxin Sun Wim Thielemans Sustainable Materials Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringKU LeuvenCampus Kulak KortrijkEtienne Sabbelaan 538500 KortrijkBelgium

Polypyrrole(PPy)is wildly used as electrode material in supercapacitors due to its high conductivity,low cost,ease of handling,and ease of ***,limited capacitance and poor cycling stability hinder its practical *** developing carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNC-COO^(-))as immobile dopants for PPy to improve its cycling stability,we investigated the effect of different commonly used salts(KCl,NaCl,KBr,and NaClO_(4))as dopants during electrode fabrication by *** film’s capacitance increased from 160.6 to 183.4 F g^(-1)after adding a combination of KCl and NaClO_(4) into the electrodeposition *** importantly,the porous and interconnected PPy/CNC-COO^(-)-Cl-(Cl O_(4)^(-))_0.5 electrode film exhibited an excellent capacitance of 125.0 F g^(-1)(0.78 F cm^(-2))at a high current density of 2.0 Ag^(-1)(20 m A cm^(-2),allowing charging in less than 1 min),increasing almost 204%over PPy/CNC-COO-films.A symmetric PPy/CNC-COO^(-)-Cl-(ClO_(4)^(-))_0.5 supercapacitor retained its full capacitance after 5000 cycles,and displayed a high energy density of 5.2 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 25.4 W kg^(-1)(34.5μWh cm^(-2) at 1752.3μW cm^(-2)).These results reveal that the porous structure formed by doping with CNC-COO-and inorganic salts opens up more active reaction areas to store charges in PPy-based films as the stiff and ribbon-like CNC-COO-as permanent dopants improve the strength and stability of PPy-based *** demonstration provides a simple and practical way to deposit PPy based supercapacitors with high capacitance,fast charging,and excellent cycling stability.

关键词： Polypyrrole Cellulose nanocrystals Cycling stability Inorganic salts Supercapacitor

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Turning Industrial Residues into Resources： An Environmental Impact Assessment of Goethite Valorization

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Engineering 2018年第3期4卷 421-429页

作者： Andrea Di Maria Karel Van Acker Department of Materials Engineering KU Leuven Leuven 3001 Belgium

Goethite is a metals-rich residue that occurs during zinc production. The feasibility of metal recovery from goethite has been demonstrated, but is not economically viable on an industrial scale. Therefore, goethite is landfilled with considerable economic costs and environmental risks. The goal of this study is to evaluate the environmental performance of a new valorization strategy for goethite residues from zinc production, with the aims of： ① recovering the valuable zinc contained in the goethite and ② avoiding the landfilling of goethite by producing a clean byproduct. The presented goethite valoriza- tion strategy consists of a sequence of two processes： ① plasma fuming and ② inorganic polymerization of the fumed slag. Plasma fuming recovers the valuable metals by fuming the goethite. The metals-flee fumed slag undergoes a process of inorganic polymerization to form inorganic polymers, that can be used as a novel building material, as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement （OPC）-based concrete. Life- cycle assessment （LCA） is used to compare the environmental performance of the inorganic polymer with the environmental performances of equivalent OPC-based concrete. The LCA results show the tradeoff between the environmental burdens of the fuming process and inorganic polymerization versus the environmental benefits of metal recovery, OPC concrete substitution, and the avoidance of goethite land- filling. The goethite-based inorganic polymers production shows better performances in several environ- mental impact categories, thanks to the avoided landfilling of goethite. However, in other environmental impact categories, such as global warming, the goethite valorization is strongly affected by the high-energy requirements of the plasma-fuming process, which represent the environmental hotspots of the proposed goethite recycling scheme. The key elements toward the sustainability of goethite valorization have been identified, and include the use of a clean elec

关键词： Goethite recycling Slag plasma fuming Inorganic polymerization Life cycle assessment

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How have they started？ - A brief guide for pedestrians

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第6期13卷 3-10页

作者： Takaharu Otsuka Department of Physics University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Center for Nuclear Study University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan RIKEN Nishina Center 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica KU Leuven B-3001 Leuven Belgium

I shall present a very brief summary of subjects selected from what Prof. Akito Arima has done in the past years. I will focus on the initial works on the configuration mixing and on the Interacting Boson Model. Since there are many literatures on these subjects, I shall concentrate what have been done at the initial or at the pre-history stages. By doing this, we shall see how Prof. Akito Arima started from the scratch.

关键词： shell model configuration mixing magnetic moment interacting boson model

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Male-like testosterone levels inhibit oviposition in a female parrot： A breeding experiment in budgerigars

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 586-595页

作者： Stefanie E. R LAHAYE Marcel EENS Veerle M. DARRAS Rianne PINXTEN University of Antwerp Research Group Ethology Antwerp Belgium ku leuven Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology B-3000 Louvain Belgium

Studies in several songbird species have shown that treating females with the androgenic steroid hormone testoste- rone （T） can negatively affect female reproductive behaviors and breeding success. As the effects of T on females appear to be species-specific, it is not clear if similar effects of high T occur in non-songbird species. Here, we studied the effects of T supplementation on female reproductive behavior and oviposition in the budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus, a small monogamous parrot species with distinct sex differences in parental behavior. We experimentally increased T concentrations to male-like levels in T-treated females compared to controls and we allowed females to breed. We found no significant effects of treatment on the latency to enter the nestbox but T treatment significantly interfered with oviposition. Our results show that T-treated females were seven times less likely to produce a clutch than control females. As we found that T treatment had a strong inhibitory effect on oviposition, our results indicate that female budgerigars suffer fitness costs from male-like plasma T levels. Therefore, it may be possible that, also in non-songbird species, selection for higher T levels in males is constrained by a correlated response to selection which imposes fitness costs on females in terms of reproduction. Evaluating whether or not this is indeed the case requires further work combining different approaches to the study of the evolution of male and female testosterone levels [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 586-595, 2015].

关键词： Female testosterone Reproductive behavior Melopsittacus undulatus Breeding success Intralocus sexual conflict Antagonistic selection

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抗白细胞介素-12单克隆抗体阻断慢性实验性结肠炎发生

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胃肠病学和肝病学杂志 2001年第2期10卷 131-136页

作者：刘占举 Jan Ceuppens Karel Geboes Paul Rustgeerts Laboratory of experimental immunology UZ Gasthuisberg University of Leuven Leuven Department of pathology and gastroenterology University Hospital GasthuisbergUniversity ofLeuven

目的　探讨抗白介素 12 (IL 12 )单克隆抗体治疗实验性慢性结肠炎的机制。方法　用严重联合免疫缺陷 (SCID)小鼠 ,植入同基因源性CD4 5RBhighCD+4 T细胞 ,诱导慢性结肠炎 ,并进行抗IL 12单克隆抗体治疗和观察IL 12在慢性结肠炎中的病... 详细信息

目的　探讨抗白介素 12 (IL 12 )单克隆抗体治疗实验性慢性结肠炎的机制。方法　用严重联合免疫缺陷 (SCID)小鼠 ,植入同基因源性CD4 5RBhighCD+4 T细胞 ,诱导慢性结肠炎 ,并进行抗IL 12单克隆抗体治疗和观察IL 12在慢性结肠炎中的病理生理作用。结果　在T细胞植入 4周后结肠组织内IL 12P4 0 mRNA含量明显升高 ,抗IL 12单克隆抗体有效地阻断了慢性结肠炎的发生 ,降低了结肠粘膜内CD4 +T细胞和巨噬细胞浸润 ,并抑制肠粘膜内固有层CD4 +T细胞分泌IL 2和IFN γ。结论　IL 12参与了慢性实验性结肠炎的病理生理过程 ,阻断IL

关键词：白细胞介素-12 慢性结肠炎 CD4^+T 粘膜免疫

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Smad1/5/8 are myogenic regulators of murine and human mesoangioblasts

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2016年第1期8卷 73-87页

作者： Domiziana Costamagna Mattia Quattrocelli Florence van Tienen Lieve Umans Irineus FMde Coo An Zwijsen Danny Huylebroeck Maurilio Sampaolesi Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory Stem Cell Biology and EmbryologyDepartment of Development and RegenerationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly Department of Clinical Genetics Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands Laboratory for Developmental Signalling VIB Center for the Biology of DiseaseDepartment of Human GeneticsKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Molecular Biology(Celgen) Department of Development and RegenerationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Department of Neurology Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands Department of Cell Biology Erasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands Division of Human Anatomy Department of Public HealthExperimental and Forensic MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly

Mesoangioblasts(MABs)are vessel-associated stem cells that express pericyte marker genes and participate in skeletal muscle *** circuits that regulate the myogenic commitment of MABs are still poorly *** critical role of bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signalling during proliferation and differentiation of adult myogenic precursors,such as satellite cells,has recently been *** whether BMP signalling impacts on the myogenic potential of embryonic and adult MABs both in vitro and in *** of BMP inhibited MAB myogenic differentiation,whereas interference with the interactions between BMPs and receptor complexes induced ***,siRNA-mediated knockdown of Smad8 in Smad1/5-null MABs or inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation with Dorsomorphin(DM)also improved myogenic differentiation,demonstrating a novel role of ***,using a transgenic mouse model of Smad8 deletion,we demonstrated that the absence of SMAD8 protein improved MAB myogenic ***,once injected into a-Sarcoglycan(Sgca)-null muscles,DM-treated MABs were more efficacious to restore a-sarcoglycan(aSG)protein levels and re-establish functional muscle ***,in acute muscle damage,DM-treated MABs displayed a better myogenic potential compared with BMP-treated and untreated ***,SMADs also control the myogenic commitment of human MABs(hMABs).BMP signalling antagonists are therefore novel candidates to improve the therapeutic effects of hMABs.

关键词： BMP signalling mesoangioblast pericytes skeletal muscle regeneration SMAD

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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： Daphne Michels Sarah H.E.Verkempinck Agnese Panozzo Karen Vermeulen Marc E.Hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed ***,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation ***,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).Hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid *** effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mM,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial *** values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,*** findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase *** rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt ***,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher *** conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken Emulsion

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Experimental and numerical prediction of railway induced vibration

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第11期13卷 802-813页

作者： Hans VERBRAKEN Geert LOMBAERT Geert DEGRANDE Department of Civil Engineering KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 40 B24483001 HeverleeBelgium

In this paper,both measurements and numerical simulations of railway induced vibration are discussed.A measurement campaign has been carried out along the high-speed railway track in Lincent,*** experimental determination of transfer functions and vibration velocity during train passages are discussed.A numerical model is introduced to predict the transfer functions and the vibration velocity during train *** comparison of experimental and numerical results demonstrates the importance of accurate numerical models and input *** results are obtained in the framework of the development of a hybrid prediction method,where numerical and experimental data can be combined to improve the prediction accuracy for railway induced vibration.

关键词： Component Railway induced vibration Experimental prediction Numerical prediction

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Governance interactions of spatial data infrastructures: an agent-based modelling approach

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第6期14卷 696-713页

作者： Jaap-Willem Sjoukema Jalal Samia Arnold K.Bregt Joep Crompvoets Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands ku leuven Public Governance Institute LeuvenBelgium Department of Geography and Urban Planning University of MazandaranBabolsarIran

In order to facilitate and coordinate spatial data sharing and exchange,many organisations have developed spatial data infrastructures(SDIs).SDI governance plays a pivotal role in the development and evolution of an SDI,but as SDIs are complex adaptive systems,governing is a *** research therefore proposes a complexity perspective to SDI governance by exploring the use of agent-based modelling to simulate and examine SDI governance *** this agent-based simulation,we examine interactions between SDI stakeholders,data availability and the effects of different governance styles(hierarchical,network and laissez-faire governance)and budget *** simulation shows that it is possible to mimic SDI governance dynamics through agent-based *** running different scenarios,it appears that a network approach is more successful compared to a hierarchical or laissez-faire *** validation shows that overall the results of the simulation are credible and insightful,although improvements can be made to make the model more *** agent-based modelling,SDI governance becomes more tangible and visible,which facilitates discussion and ***-based modelling therefore appears to be a helpful new approach in a better understanding of the complexities and dynamics of SDI governance.

关键词： Governance spatial data infrastructure(SDI) agentbased modelling funding models complex adaptive systems

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