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Insect science 2016年第4期23卷 621-629页

作者： Qiang Xu Felix D. Guerrero Azhahianambi Palavesam Adalberto A. Perez de Leon Department of Biology Abilene Christian University Abilene TX 79699 USA USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Rd. Kerrville TX 78028 USA usda-ars Veterinary Pest Genomics Center Kerrville TX 78028 USA

The horn fly, Haematobia irritans, is a serious pest of cattle in North America. The control of horn flies has primarily relied on insecticides. However, the heavy use of insecticides has led to the development of insecticide resistance in horn flies. Novel methods to control horn flies are greatly needed. Transgenic technology is an effective tool to genetically modify insects and may lead to novel methods of pest control based on genomic approaches. Here we report apiggyBac-mediated transformation of the horn fly via electroporation. Transformation with a DsRed fluorescent marker protein coding region was verified by PCR analysis of individual fly bodies and pupal cases and sequencing of PCR products. However, southern blot analysis failed to indicate the DsRed gene was integrated into the horn fly genome. Thus, the electroporation protocol may have caused the DsRed gene to be integrated into bacterial symbionts of the horn fly.

关键词： DsRed EGFP electroporation Haematobia irritans horn fly transformation transgenic insect

Dynamics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in a field population of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans

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Insect science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： Andrew Y. Li Kimberly H. Lohmeyer J. Allen Miller usda ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study was conducted at the Pressler ranch, near Kerrville, Texas, usA between 2002 and 2006 to determine the dynamics and mechanisms of resistance to permethrin in a field population of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Changes of resistance to pyrethroid insecticide associated with use of a pour-on formulation of cyfluthrin in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in su.s.quent years were studied using a filter paper bioassay technique and a polymerase chain reaction assay that detects two sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permethrin was observed in the summer of 2002. A significant decrease in the resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with diazinon ear tags. In response to pyrethroid treatments, the allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively in 2002, and decreased significantly in 2003 when the pyrethroid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to have a higher allelic super-kdr frequency than males in 2002, while no difference was detected between males and females in the allelic kdr frequency. There was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of the sodium channel mutations and levels ofpermethrin resistance, suggesting that the sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are the major mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroids in this horn fly population. Results of synergist bioassays also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mechanisms, the mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutathione s-trans- ferases （GsT）. Compared to a horn fly infestation of an untreated herd, treatments with the pyrethroid pour-on formulation failed to control horn flies at the Pressler ranch in 2002. sustained control of horn flies was achieved with the use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and su.s.quent years.

关键词： efficacy horn fly insecticide resistance PCR permethrin pyrethroids

Epidemiological assessment of intestinal parasitic infections in dogs at animal shelter in Veracruz,Mexico

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第1期5卷 34-39页

作者： Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel Dora Romero-salas Mariel Aguilar-Domínguez Anabel Cruz-Romero Nelly Ibarra-Priego dalberto Angel Pérez-de-Len Biomedical research laboratory School of Medicine and NutritionJuarez University of the State of DurangoAvenida Universidad S/N34000 DurangoMexico Parasitology laboratory School of Veterinary Medicine and ZootechnicsUniversidad VeracruzanaCircunvalacin y Yez S/N91710 VeracruzMexico united states Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceKnipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory

Objective:To determine the prevalence of infection with intestinal parasites in 101 dogs in an animal shelter in Veracruz.Mexico,and investigate whether any general characteristics of the dogs were associated with infections.Methods:Parasitologiesl examination of fecal samples from the dogs was performed by means of centrifuge-flotation using sheather's sucrose and zinc sulfate flotation media.In addition,hematocrit was determined in each canine blood sample.Results:Intestinal parasites were found in 99(98.0%) of the 101 dogs studied.About five different intestinal parasites were identified:Ancylostoma caninum in 89 dogs(88.1%).Giardia canis in 46(45.5%).unciiuiria stenocephalia in 43(42.6%).Trichuris vulpis in 19(18.8%)and strongyloides canis in 16(15.8%).Multivariate analysis showed:I) Giardia infection was associated with young age and mixed breed;2) Ancylostoma was associated with young age and no rabies vaccination:and 3) strongyloides was associated with no rabies vaccination.unciiuiria and Trichuris infections were not associated with the variables assessed.Conclusions:A high prevalence of intestinal parasites was found in the dogs studied.This suggests that the environment is highly contaminated with intestinal parasites.Preventive and therapeutic measures should be taken against infection with intestinal parasites in dogs in this region.

关键词： Intestinal parasites Infection Prevalence shelter Dogs Mexico

The chemosensory appendage proteome of Amblyomma americanum （Acari： Ixodidae） reveals putative odorant-binding and other chemoreception-related proteins

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Insect science 2017年第5期24卷 730-742页

作者： Robert Renthal Leena Manghnani sandra Bernal Yanyan Qu Wendell P. Griffith Kim Lohmeyer Felix O. Guerrero Ligia M.F. Borges Adalberto Perez de Leon Department of Biology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio IX 78229 USA RCMI Protein Biomarkers Core University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio TX 78249 USA Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory Veterinary Pest Genomics Center Kerrville TX 78029 USA Instituto de Patologia Tropical e saude Publica Universidade Federal de Goias Goiania Goias Brazil

Proteomic analyses were done on 2 chemosensory appendages of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Proteins in the fore tarsi, which contain the olfactory Haller＇s organ, and in the palps, that include gustatory sensilla, were compared with proteins in the third tarsi. Also, male and female ticks were compared. Proteins were identified by sequence similarity to known proteins, and by 3-dimensional homology modeling. Proteomic data were also compared with organ-specific transcriptomes from the tick Rhipicephalus microplus. The fore tarsi express a lipocalin not found in the third tarsi or palps. The fore tarsi and palps abundantly express 2 proteins, which are similar to insect odorant-binding proteins （OBPs）. Compared with insect OBPs, the tick OBP-like sequences lacked the cysteine absent in C-minus OBPs, and 1 tick OBP-like sequence had additional cysteines that were similar to C-plus OBPs. Four proteins similar to the antibiotic protein microplusin were found： 2 exclusively expressed in the fore tarsi and 1 exclusively expressed in the palps. These proteins lack the microplusin copper-binding site, but they are modeled to have a significant internal cavity, potentially a ligand-binding site. Proteins similar to the dust mite allergens Der p7 and Der f 7 were found differentially expressed in female fore tarsi. A protein exclusively expressed in the fore tarsi has similarities to Neto, which is known to be involved in clustering ofionotropic glutamate receptors. These results constitute the first report of OBP-like protein sequences in ticks and point to several research avenu.s.on tick chemosensory reception.

关键词： dust mite allergen Haller＇s organ lipocalin microplusin odorant-binding protein 3-dimensional homology modeling