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The Silk roads: phylogeography of Central Asian dice snakes (Serpentes: Natricidae) shaped by rivers in deserts and mountain valleys

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 150-162页

作者： Daniel Jablonski Konrad Mebert Rafaqat Masroor Evgeniy Simonov Oleg Kukushkin Timur Abduraupov Sylvia Hofmann Department of Zoology Comenius University in BratislavaBratislavaSlovakia Global Biology BirrSwitzerland Pakistan Museum of Natural History ShakarparianIslamabadPakistan Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia T.I.Vyazemski Karadag Scientific station-Nature Reserve—Branch of A.0.Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the southern Seas TheodosiaCrimea Zoological Institute of the RAS Saint PetersbourgRussia Institute of Zoology Academy of Sciences of the Republic of UzbekistanYunusabadTashkentUzbekistan Museum Koenig Bonn LIBLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity ChangeBonnGermany UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental research Department of Conservation BiologyPermoserstrasse 1504318 LeipzigGermany

Influenced by rapid changes in climate and landscape features since the Miocene,widely distributed species provide suitable models to study the environmental impact on their evolution and current genetic *** dice snake Natrix tessellata,widely distributed in the Western Palearctic is one such *** aimed to resolve a detailed phylogeography of *** with a focus on the Central Asian clade with 4 and the Anatolia clade with 3 mitochondrial lineages,trace their origin,and correlate the environmental changes that affected their distribution through *** expected time of divergence of both clades began at 3.7 Mya in the Pliocene,reaching lineage differentiation approximately 1 million years *** genetic diversity in both clades is rich,suggesting different ancestral areas,glacial refugia,demographic changes,and colonization *** Caspian lineage is the most widespread lineage in Central Asia,distributed around the Caspian Sea and reaching the foothills of the Hindu Kush Mountains in Afghanistan,and Eastern European lowlands in the *** distribution is limited by deserts,moun-tains,and cold steppe ***,Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan lineages followed the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya water systems in Central Asia,with ranges delimited by the large Kyzylkum and Karakum *** the western side,there are several lineages within the Anatolia clade that converged in the central part of the peninsula with 2 being endemic to Western *** distribution of both main clades was affected by expansion from their Pleistocene glacial refugia around the Caspian Sea and in the valleys of Central Asia as well as by environmental changes,mostly through aridification.

关键词： biogeography colonization Eurasia genetic diversity mitochondrial DNA Paratethys refugia water snakes.

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Geospatial Mapping of Soil Nitrate-Nitrogen Distribution Under a Mixed-Land Use System

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Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 434-445页

作者： S. LAMSAL C. M. BLISS D. A. GRAETZ School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida usda Forest Service Southern Research Station Soil and Water Science Department University of Florida

Mapping the spatial distribution of soil nitrate-nitrogen （NO3=N） is important to guide nitrogen application as well as to assess environmental risk of NO3-N leaching into the groundwater. We employed univariate and hybrid geostatistical methods to map the spatial distribution of soil NO3-N across a landscape in northeast Florida. Soil samples were collected from four depth increments （0-30, 30-60, 60-120 and 120-180 cm） from 147 sampling locations identified using a stratified random and nested sampling design based on soil, land use and elevation strata. Soil NO3-N distributions in the top two layers were spatially autocorrelated and mapped using lognormal kriging. Environmental correlation models for NO3-N prediction were derived using linear and non-linear regression methods, and employed to develop NO3-N trend maps. Land use and its related variables derived from satellite imagery were identified as important variables to predict NO3-N using environmental correlation models. While lognormal kriging produced smoothly varying maps, trend maps derived from environmental correlation models generated spatially heterogeneous maps. Trend maps were combined with ordinary kriging predictions of trend model residuals to develop regression kriging prediction maps, which gave the best NO3-N predictions. As land use and remotely sensed data are readily available and have much finer spatial resolution compared to field sampled soils, our findings suggested the efficacy of environmental correlation models based on land use and remotely sensed data for landscape scale mapping of soil NO3-N. The methodologies implemented are transferable for mapping of soil NO3-N in other landscapes.

关键词： environmental correlation general linear model kriging land use regression

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The power of green:Harnessing phytoremediation to combat micro/nanoplastics

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 260-265页

作者： Wenke Yuan Elvis Genbo Xu Soha Shabaka Peng Chen Yuyi Yang Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution&Ecological Restoration Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and research station Chinese Academy of Sciences&Hubei ProvinceWuhan 430074China Department of Biology University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries Cairo 11516Egypt

Plastic pollution and its potential risks have been raising public concerns as a global environmental *** plastic waste may double by 2030,posing a significant challenge to the remediation of environmental *** addition to finding alternative products and managing plastic emission sources,effective removal technologies are crucial to mitigate the negative impact of plastic ***,current remediation strategies,including physical,chemical,and biological measures,are unable to compete with the surging amounts of plastics entering the *** perspective lays out recent advances to propel both research and *** this process,phytoaccumulation,phytostabilization,and phytofiltration can be applied to reduce the concentration of nanoplastics and submicron plastics in terrestrial,aquatic,and atmospheric environments,as well as to prevent the transport of microplastics from sources to ***,advocating for a more promising future still requires significant efforts in screening hyperaccumulators,coupling multiple measures,and recycling stabilized plastics from *** can be an excellent strategy to alleviate global micro/nanoplastic pollution because of the cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability of green technologies.

关键词： Environmental sustainability Hyperaccumulator Microplastics Remediation strategies Technical advances

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Coping with the concurrent heatwaves and ozone extremes in China under a warming climate

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2938-2947页

作者： Mengmeng Li Xin Huang Dan Yan Shiyi Lai Zihan Zhang Lei Zhu Yuting Lu Xinyi Jiang Nan Wang Tijian Wang Yu Song Aijun Ding School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing 210023China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Observation and research station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area Shenzhen 518055China College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610044China Department of Environmental Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Intensive human activity has brought about unprecedented climate and environmental crises, in which concurrent heatwaves and ozone extremes pose the most serious threats. However, a limited understanding of the comprehensive mechanism hinders our ability to mitigate such compound events, especially in densely populated regions like China. Here, based on field observations and climate-chemistry coupled modelling, we elucidate the linkage between human activities and the climate system in heatrelated ozone pollution. In China, we have observed that both the frequency and intensity of heatwaves have almost tripled since the beginning of this century. Moreover, these heatwaves are becoming more common in urban clusters with serious ozone pollution. Persistent heatwaves during the extremely hot and dry summers of 2013 and 2022 accelerated photochemical ozone production by boosting anthropogenic and biogenic emissions, and aggravated ozone accumulation by suppressing dry deposition due to water-stressed vegetation, leading to a more than 30% increase in ozone pollution in China's urban areas. The sensitivity of ozone to heat is demonstrated to be substantially modulated by anthropogenic emissions, and China's clean air policy may have altered the relationship between ozone and temperature. Climate model projections further highlight that the high-emission climate-socioeconomic scenario tends to intensify the concurrent heat and ozone extremes in the next century. Our results underscore that the implementation of a strict emission strategy will significantly reduce the co-occurrence of heatwaves and ozone extremes, achieving climate and environmental co-benefits.

关键词： Heatwave Ozone Biogenic emission Dry deposition Ozone-temperature sensitivity

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东南亚野火对南海北部空气质量的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第8期69卷 1011-1015页

作者：秦玉洁王海潮王一鸣卢骁唐海荣张建青李磊范绍佳 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversitySouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519000China Guangdong Provincial Observation and research station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System(Sun Yat-sen University)Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519000China Sansha Meteorological Bureau of Hainan Province Sansha 573199China

Wildfire smoke plays a crucial role in climate change,air quality,human health,and the *** the warming and drying of the climate,the scope,frequency,and intensity of global wildfire events are increasing rapidly[1,2].Southeast Asia,South America,Africa,and Australia are the major regions in which wildfires occur[3,4];Southeast Asia is the hotspot of wildfires and neighbors the South China Sea(SCS)[5].Therefore,the air quality and climate in the SCS can be affected by the transport of wildfire smoke in Southeast *** studies have focused on the transport pathways from Southeast Asia to the SCS,especially studies based on BASE-ASIA(Biomass-burning Aerosols in South-East Asia)and 7-SEAS(7-South-East Asian Studies)experiments[5,6].

关键词： climate warming East

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Classifying forest inventory data into species-based forest community types at broad extents： exploring tradeoffs among supervised and unsupervised approaches

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 91-107页

作者： jennifer k.costanza don faber-langendoen john w.coulston david n.wear Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North C arolina State University3041 Cornwalis RdResearch Triangle ParkRaleighNC 27709USA NatureServe 4600 N.Fairfax Dr7th FloorArlingtonVA 22203USA southern research station USDA Forest ServiceBlacksburgVAUSA southern research station USDA Forest ServiceRaleighNCUSA

Background： Knowledge of the different kinds of tree communities that currently exist can provide a baseline for assessing the ecological attributes of forests and monitoring future changes. Forest inventory data can facilitate the development of this baseline knowledge across broad extents, but they first must be classified into forest community types. Here, we compared three alternative classifications across the United States using data from over 117,000 U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis （FIA） plots. Methods： Each plot had three forest community type labels：（1）＂FIA＂ types were assigned by the FIA program using a supervised method; （2）＂USNVC＂ types were assigned via a key based on the U.S. National Vegetation Classification; （3）＂empirical＂ types resulted from unsupervised clustering of tree species information. We assessed the degree to which analog classes occurred among classifications, compared indicator species values, and used random forest models to determine how well the classifications could be predicted using environmental variables. Results： The classifications generated groups of classes that had broadly similar distributions, but often there was no one-to-one analog across the classifications. The Iongleaf pine forest community type stood out as the exception： it was the only class with strong analogs across all classifications. Analogs were most lacking for forest community types with species that occurred across a range of geographic and environmental conditions, such as Ioblolly pine types, indicator species metrics were generally high for the USNVC, suggesting that LJSNVC classes are floristically well-defined. The empirical classification was best predicted by environmental variables. The most important predictors differed slightly but were broadly similar across all classifications, and included slope, amount of forest in the surrounding landscape, average minimum temperature, and other climate variab

关键词： Big data Correspondence analysis Dominant species Forest communities Global change,Hierarchical classification Indicator species Random forests Species assemblages

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Optimization for microwave-assisted direct liquefaction of bamboo residue in glycerol/methanol mixtures

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Journal of Forestry research 2015年第1期26卷 261-265页

作者： Jiulong Xie Jinqiu Qi Chungyun Hse Todd F.Shupe College of Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University southern research station USDA Forest Service School of Renewable Natural Resource Louisiana State University Agricultural Center

Bamboo residues were liquefied in a mixture of glycerol and methanol in the presence of sulfuric acid using microwave energy. We investigated the effects of liquefaction conditions, including glycerol/methanol ratio, liquefaction temperature, and reaction time on the conversion yield. The optimal liquefaction conditions were under the temperature of 120 °C, the reaction time of 7 min, the glycerol–methanol–bamboo ratio of 8/0/2（W/W）, and the microwave power of 300 W. Maximum conversion yield was 96.7 %. The liquid products were separated into two contents（water soluble part and precipitate part） by addition of a sufficient amount of water. By Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR）, the water soluble content mainly contained glycerol and its derivate and carbohydrate degradation products, and the precipitate content was mainly lignin derivatives.

关键词： Bamboo residue Microwave Liquefaction Glycerol

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N-acetylcysteine ameliorates erectile dysfunction in rats with hyperlipidemia by inhibiting oxidative stress and corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells phenotypic modulation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 99-106页

作者： Wei Ding Jun-Hong Fan Li-Ren Zhong Nan-Xiong Wang Lu-Hao Liu Hai-Bo Zhang Li Wang Ming-Qiang Wang Bing-Lin He An-Yang Wei Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550002China Department of Urology Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510000China Department of Urology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Urology Shenzhen Immigration Inspection General Station HospitalShenzhen 518000China Department of Organ Transplantation The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550002China

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for erectile dysfunction(ED).Oxidative stress and phenotypic modulation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells(CcSMCs)are the key pathological factors of ED.N-acetylcysteine(NAC)can inhibit oxidative stress;however,whether NAc can alleviate pathological variations in the corpus cavernosum and promote erectile function recovery in hyperlipidemic rats remains unclear.A hyperlipidemia model was established using 27 eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet(hyperlipidemic rats,HR).In addition,9 male SD rats were fed a normal diet to serve as controls(NC).HR rats were divided into three groups:HR,HR+normal saline(NS),and HR+NAC(n=9 for each group;NS or NAc intraperitoneal injections were administered daily for 16 weeks).Subsequently,the lipid profiles,erectile function,oxidative stress,phenotypic modulation markers of ccsMCs,and tissue histology were *** experimental results revealed that erectile function was significantly impaired in the HR and HR+NS groups,but enhanced in the HR+NAC *** lipid levels,over-activated oxidative stress,and multi-organ lesions observed in the HR and HR+NS groups were improved in the HR+NAC ***,the HR group showed significant phenotypic modulation of CCSMCs,which was also inhibited by NAC *** report focuses on the therapeutic effect of NAc in restoring erectile function using a hyperlipidemic rat model by preventing CcSMC phenotypic modulationand attenuating oxidativestress.

关键词： erectile dysfunction hyperlipidemia N-acetylcysteine oxidative stress henotypic modulation

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Habitat relationships of reptiles in pine beetle disturbed forests of Alabama,*** guidelines for a modified drift-fence sampling method

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Current Zoology 2010年第4期56卷 411-420页

作者： W. B. SUTTON Y. WANG C. J. SCHWEITZER Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Alabama A＆M University Normal AL 35762 USA usda Forest Service Southern Research Station PO Box 1568 Normal AL 35762 USA

Understanding vertebrate habitat relationships is important to promote management strategies for the longterm conservation of many species. Using a modified drift fence method, we sampled reptiles and compared habitat variables within the William B. Bankhead National Forest （BNF） in Alabama, U.S.A from April 2005 to June 2006. We captured 226 individual reptiles representing 19 species during 564 total trap nights. We used canonical correspondence analysis to examine habitat associations for the reptiles sampled and we detected a distinct habitat gradient ranging from sites with greater litter depth and percent canopy cover to more open sites with greater woody, herbaceous, and coarse woody debris （CWD） coverage, and CWD volume. Little brown skinks Scincella lateralis and eastern worm snakes Carphophis a. arnoenus were associated with sites with greater litter depth and canopy cover, whereas eastern fence lizards Sceloporus undulatus, copperheads Agkistrodon contortrix, and gray ratsnakes Pantherophis spiloides were associated with sites possessing greater CWD coverage and volume. We found that disturbances due to the southern pine beetle Dendroctonus frontalis were likely important for influencing reptile distributions through the creation of canopy gaps and fallen coarse woody debris. Compared to other studies, our modified drift-fence trap technique was successful for sampling larger snake species （66 snakes in 564 trap nights）. We have also provided detailed schematics for constructing drift fence array and box traps used in this study

关键词： William B. Bankhead National Forest Canonical Correspondence Analysis Dendroctonusfrontalis Drift-fence Arrays Reptiles southern Pine Beetle

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Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze-thaw processes during 1950-2020 based on ERA5-Land data

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Advances in Climate Change research 2024年第2期15卷 265-274页

作者： Yong YANG Ren-Sheng CHEN Yong-Jian DING Hong-Yuan LI Zhang-Wen LIU Qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology research station Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection College of Resources and EnvironmentLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China

Frozen ground(FG)plays an important role in global and regional climates and environments through changes in land freeze-thaw processes,which have been conducted mainly in different ***,the changes in land surface freeze-thaw processes under climate change on a global scale are still *** on ERA5-Land hourly land skin temperature data,this study evaluated changes in the global FG area,global land surface first freeze date(FFD),last freeze date(LFD)and frost-free period(FFP)from 1950 to *** results show that the current FG areas(1991-2020 mean)in the Northern Hemisphere(NH),southern Hemisphere(SH),and globe are 68.50×10^(6),9.03×10^(6),and 77.53×10^(6)km^(2),which account for 72.4%,26.8%,and 60.4%of the exposed land(excluding glaciers,ice sheets,and water bodies)in the NH,SH and the globe,respectively;further,relative to 1951-1980,the FG area decreased by 1.9%,8.8%,and 2.8%,*** FG at lower latitudes degrades to intermittently FG,and intermittently FG degrades to non-frozen ground,which caused the global FG boundary to retreat to higher latitudes from 1950 to *** annual FG areas in the NH,SH,and globe all show significant decreasing trends(p<0.05)from 1950 to 2020 at-0.32×10^(6),-0.22×10^(6),and-0.54×10^(6)km^(2)per decade,*** FFP prolongation in the NH is mainly influenced by LFD advance,while in the SH it is mainly controlled by FFD *** prolongation trend of FFP in the NH(1.34 d per decade)is larger than that in the SH(1.15 d per decade).

关键词： Frozen ground Freeze-thaw processes Frost-free period First freeze date Global warming

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