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Methodologies for preparation of prokaryotic extracts for cell-free expression systems

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第4期5卷 252-267页

作者： Stephanie D.Cole Aleksandr E.Miklos Abel C.Chiao Zachary Z.Sun Matthew W.Lux us army combat capabilities development command chemical biological center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA Division of Biology and biological Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA Synvitrobio Inc. San FranciscoCAUSA 8567 Ricketts Point Road Bldg E3549 Room B140APGMD21010USA

Cell-free systems that mimic essential cell functions,such as gene expression,have dramatically expanded in recent years,both in terms of applications and widespread *** we provide a review of cell-extract methods,with a specific focus on prokaryotic ***,we describe the diversity of Escherichia coli genetic strains available and their corresponding *** then trace the history of cell-extract methodology over the past 20 years,showing key improvements that lower the entry level for new ***,we survey the rise of new prokaryotic cell-free systems,with associated methods,and the opportunities ***,we use this historical perspective to comment on the role of methodology improvements and highlight where further improvements may be possible.

关键词： Cell-free systems Cell-free expression Cell-free extract Synthetic biology Methods

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Silk fibroin as an additive for cell-free protein synthesis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第3期5卷 145-154页

作者： Marilyn S.Lee Chia-Suei Hung Daniel A.Phillips Chelsea C.Buck Maneesh K.Gupta Matthew W.Lux us army combat capabilities development command chemical and biological center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA us Air Force Research Laboratory 217912th St.B652/R122 Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA us Naval Research Laboratory center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Bldg.42Room 3034555 Overlook Ave.WashingtonDC 20375UES Inc.4401 Dayton Xenia Rd.BeavercreekOH 45432USA

Cell-free systems contain many proteins and metabolites required for complex functions such as transcription and translation or multi-step metabolic *** into expanding the delivery of these systems by drying or by embedding into other materials is enabling new applications in sensing,point-of-need manufacturing,and responsive ***,silk fibroin from the silk worm,Bombyx mori,has received attention as a protective additive for dried enzyme formulations and as a material to build biocompatible hydrogels for controlled localization or delivery of biomolecular *** this work,we explore the effects of silk fibroin as an additive in cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)*** of silk fibroin on CFPS activity and stability after drying,as well as the potential for incorporation of CFPS into hydrogels of crosslinked silk fibroin are *** find that simple addition of silk fibroin increased productivity of the CFPS reactions by up to 42%,which we attribute to macromolecular crowding ***,we did not find evidence that silk fibroin provides a protective effects after drying as previously described for purified ***,the enzymatic crosslinking transformations of silk fibroin typically used to form hydrogels are inhibited in the presence of the CFPS reaction *** attempts did not impact CFPS activity,but did yield localized protein aggregates rather than a *** discuss the mechanisms at play in these results and how the silk fibroin-CFPS system might be improved for the design of cell-free devices.

关键词： Cell-free systems Cell-free protein synthesis CFPS Silk fibroin Preservation

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Synergy between thermal and nonthermal effects in plasmonic photocatalysis

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1268-1280页

作者： Xueqian Li Henry O.Everitt Jie Liu Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA 2 U.S.Army Combat Capabilities Development CommandAviation&Missile CenterRedstone ArsenalAL 35898USA Department of Physics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Present address:Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA

Plasmonic photocatalysis represents the synergetic union of two active fields of research:plasmonic effects in illuminated metallic nanoparticles and catalytic effects in tailored metallic ***,metallic nanoparticles that excel for one application are limited for the other,but recent developments have shown that desirable catalytic behaviors,such as reduced activation barriers and improved product selectivity,derive from nonthermal behaviors uniquely produced by this *** examining such findings,this review will address a specific debate that has recently surfaced:what is the relative degree of contributions of thermal and nonthermal effects in plasmonic photocatalysis?We demonstrate the importance of correctly accounting for thermal effects before characterizing nonthermal *** show that another synergy occurs:these desirable nonthermal behaviors have a temperature dependence,and the resulting temperature-dependent reaction rates far exceed what can be explained from purely thermal effects ***,the synergy of plasmonic photocatalysis offers an exciting new contribution to the quest for efficient,selective,sustainable methods for chemical synthesis and energy conversion.

关键词： plasmonic catalysis hot carriers photothermal catalysis localized surface plasmon

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Thread-based multiplexed sensor patch for real-time sweat monitoring

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npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 159-168页

作者： Trupti Terse-Thakoor Meera Punjiya Zimple Matharu Boyang Lyu Meraj Ahmad Grace E.Giles Rachel Owyeung Francesco Alaimo Maryam Shojaei Baghini Tad TBrunyé Sameer Sonkusale Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)BombayMumbai400076India center for Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences MedfordMA02155USA U.S.army combat capabilities development command Soldier CenterNatickMA01760USA Department of chemical and biological Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA Tufts University Department of PsychologyMedfordMA02155USA

Sensor platforms that exploit the fibrous textile threads as substrates offer great promise since they can be directly sewn,woven or stitched on to any *** can also be placed directly in intimate contact with the *** this work,we present a thread-based sensing platform in the form of a multiplexed sensing patch for continuous simultaneous on-skin monitoring of *** patch performs real-time,on-body measurements of important biomarkers present in sweat such as electrolytes(sodium and ammonium ions),metabolites(lactate)and acidity(pH).Flexible threads coated with conductive inks were used as sensing *** potentiometric detection of electrolytes and pH was made possible through ion-selective membrane deposition and pH-sensitive polyaniline coating on threads,*** amperometric enzymatic sensing scheme with lactate oxidase was used for the detection of *** array of the thread sensors is integrated onto a patch with connectivity to a miniaturized circuit module containing a potentiostat,microprocessor and wireless circuitry for wireless smartphone *** in vitro validation and an in vivo human pilot study involving a maximal exertion test show the promise of this platform for real-time physiological monitoring of human performance/fitness under stress,as well as diagnostic monitoring through sweat analysis.

关键词： patch Sensor monitoring

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