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Validity of fatty liver prediction scores for diagnosis of fatty liver by Fibroscan

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 353-360页

作者： Seogsong Jeong Sun Jae Park Seong Kyun Na Sang Min Park Byung-Cheol Song Yun Hwan Oh Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics CHA University School of MedicineCHA UniversitySeongnam 13488Korea Department of Internal medicine Inje University College of MedicineSeoul 50834Korea Department of family medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea Department of Internal medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of family medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of family medicine Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung-Ang University College of MedicineGwangmyeong 14353Korea

Background:The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(K-NAFLD)score was recently developed with the intent to operationally define nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there remained an external validation that confirmed its diagnostic performance,especially in patients with alcohol consumption or hepatitis virus ***:Diagnostic accuracy of the K-NAFLD score was evaluated in a hospital-based cohort consisting of 1388 participants who received Fibroscan®.Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models and the contrast estimation of receiver operating characteristic curves were used for validation of the K-NAFLD score,fatty liver index(FLI),and hepatic steatosis index(HSI).Results:K-NAFLD-moderate[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.53,95%confidence interval(CI):1.13-5.65]and K-NAFLD-high(aOR=4.14,95%CI:1.69-10.13)groups showed higher risks of fatty liver compared to the K-NAFLD-low group after adjustments for demographic and clinical characteristics,and FLI-moderate and FLI-high groups revealed aORs of 2.05(95%CI:1.22-3.43)and 1.51(95%CI:0.78-2.90),*** addition,the HSI was less predictive for Fibroscan®-defined fatty *** K-NAFLD and FLI also demonstrated high accuracy in the prediction of fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection,and the adjusted area under curve values were comparable between K-NAFLD and ***:Externally validation of the K-NAFLD and FLI showed that these scores may be a useful,noninvasive,and non-imaging modality for the identification of fatty *** addition,these scores also predicted fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index

Endoplasmic reticulum stress,autophagy,neuroinflammation,and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chika Fujii Charles F.Zorumski Yukitoshi Izumi Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.

关键词： allopregnanolone fluvoxamine ketamine neurosteroids postpartum depression quercetin

Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell Charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

Early endotracheal intubation is not associated with the rate of return of spontaneous circulation following cardiac arrest at the emergency department:an exploratory analysis

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2024年第4期15卷 297-300页

作者： Siwat Neamjun Phichayut Phinyo Borwon Wittayachamnankul Wachira Wongtanasarasin Department of Emergency medicine Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of family medicine Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Emergency medicine University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA

Cardiac arrest poses a significant global public health challenge,manifesting in approximately 550,000 cases annually within the United States.[1]In-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)is commonly attributed to airways and respiratory issues.[2]Recommendations emphasize the expertise of responders in airway management.[3]Various options exist,such as chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),bag-mask ventilation(BMV),and advanced *** BMV and advanced airways are not deemed equivalent or superior based on previous evidence.[4]Achieving consistency in choosing and timing the optimal airway approach during IHCA is *** current American Heart Association guidelines suggest an advanced airway strategy when endotracheal intubation(ETI)success rates are high,but the optimal time for advanced airway management remains unclear.[5]Wong et al[6]revealed that survival improved by less than 5 min with advanced airway *** to a subgroup analysis of IHCA patients in emergency departments(EDs),early intubation was associated with a 1.5-fold greater rate of return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)than in other locations.[7]ED patients’constant monitoring and immediate management,with readily available intubation equipment,enhance early intubation and survival rates.[6]Nonetheless,IHCA patients intubated within the first 15 min had a lower ROSC rate.

关键词： intubation return annually

Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Glycaemic Control in Sudanese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2024年第3期12卷 316-327页

作者： Sahar Moawia Balla Elnour Tayseer Abdelmotalib Ahmed Taha Haiam Abdalla Wadatalla Ziryab Zainelabdin Mohamed Elmahdi Marwah Isam Abdulmajeed Mohammedahmed Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamadto Nahla Yousif Osman Mohammed Saeed Omnia Mubarak Saad Abdallah Sulafa Abdelbagi Mustafa Ahmed Hanady Abdelhameed Ahmed Mohamed Sarah Khalil Fathi Khalil family medicine Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU family medicine Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait KWT family medicine First Health Cluster Riyadh SAU Emergency Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abudahbi ARE family medicine University of Medical Sciences and Technology Khartoum SDN family medicine Sudan Medical Specialization Board-Sudan Khartoum SDN family medicine Ultra Care Home Care Company Riyadh SAU medicine Department Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU family medicine Mouwasat Hospital Madinah SAU

Research Background: The high prevalence of diabetes in Sudan, estimated at 16%, highlights the importance of effective health education in diabetes management. Diabetes self-management education has been identified as a crucial tool in enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and abilities necessary for self-management among individuals with diabetes. Aim: To assess the impact of diabetes self-management education on medication adherence and glycemic control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes before and 3 months after the DSME intervention. Method: The study was conducted in Sudan between September 2022 and March 2023, it was an interventional, one-group, pre- and post-test study that aimed to assess the impact of diabetes self-management education (DSME) on medication adherence and diabetes control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes. The research was conducted in primary health care centers in six cities in Sudan and involved 244 participants. The data entry and statistical analysis were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27.0. A paired t test was used for analysis. Results: The study included 244 participants, 67% of whom were males. The age mean ± SD was 48.6 ± 9.3 years, and 85.3% of participants were married. Age at onset of diabetes mean ± SD was 40.60 ± 7.81 years;44.6% had diabetes for less than 5 years;and 84.1% had a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. The levels of poor, low, and partial adherence to medication decreased by 8.2%, 4%, and 20.6%, respectively, after the intervention. The levels of good and high medication regime adherence increased by 13% and 19.8%, respectively;BMI decreased by 1.1 ± 0.73 kg/m2 (p = 0.005). The fasting blood sugar decreased by 69 ± 32.9 mg/dl (p = 0.049), and the glycated hemoglobin decreased by 1.21 ± 0.28% (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce the importance of patient education in improving glycemic control and enhancing self-management

关键词： Sudan Adherence Intervention Education Self-Management Diabetes

Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of 19 Species in Rosaceae family

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1203-1219页

作者： Riwa Mahai Rongpeng Liu Xiaolang Du Zejing Mu Xiaoyun Wang Jun Yuan Research Center for Traditional Chinese medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority medicine Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang330004China College of Life Sciences Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang330004China

Rosaceae represents a vast and complex group of species,with its classiﬁcation being intricate and *** taxonomic placement of many species within this family has been a subject of ongoing *** study utilized the Illumina platform to sequence 19 plant species from 10 genera in the *** cp genomes,vary-ing in size from 153,366 to 159,895 bp,followed the typical quadripartite organization consisting of a large single-copy(LSC)region(84,545 to 87,883 bp),a small single-copy(SSC)region(18,174 to 19,259 bp),and a pair of inverted repeat(IR)regions(25,310 to 26,396 bp).These genomes contained 132–138 annotated genes,including 87 to 93 protein-coding genes(PCGs),37 tRNA genes,and 8 rRNA genes using MISA software,52 to 121 simple sequence repeat(SSR)loci were identiﬁ*** contained the least of SSRs and did not have hexanotides,*** contained the richest *** terminal repeats(LTRs)were primarily composed of palindromic and forward repeat sequences,meanwhile,The richest LTRs were found in Argentina *** for Argentina lineata,Fragariastrum eriocarpum,and Prunus trichostoma,which varied in gene type and position on both sides of the boundary,the remaining species were found to be mostly conserved according to IR boundary *** examination of the Ka/Ks ratio revealed that only the infA gene had a value greater than 1,indicating that this gene was primarily subjected to positive selection during ***,9 hotspots of variation were identiﬁed in the LSC and SSC *** analysis conﬁrmed the scientiﬁc validity of the genus Prunus *** lato(s.l.)within the Rosaceae *** separation of the three genera Argentina Hill,Fragariastrum *** *** Dasiphora *** Potentilla *** be a more scientiﬁc classiﬁ*** results offer fresh perspectives on the taxonomy of the Rosaceae.

关键词： Rosaceae chloroplast genomes comparative genomes phylogeny

Emerging role of exosomes in ulcerative colitis: Targeting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 527-541页

作者： Xin Li Li-Jiang Ji Kai-Di Feng Hua Huang Mei-Rou Liang Shi-Jin Cheng Xiu-Dong Meng School of Basic medicine Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Anorectal Surgery Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineChangshu 215500Jiangsu ProvinceChina College of Traditional Chinese medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel *** ongoing advances in our understanding of UC,its pathogenesis is yet unelu-cidated,underscoring the urgent need for novel treatment strategies for patients with *** are nanoscale membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by carrying various bioactive molecules,such as proteins,RNAs,DNA,and *** NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is a cytosolic tripartite protein complex whose activation induces the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18,triggering the inflammatory response to a pathogenic agent or *** evidence suggests that exosomes are new modulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome,with vital roles in the pathological process of ***,recent evidence is reviewed on the role of exosomes and NLRP3 inflammasome in ***,the dual role of exosomes on NLRP3 inflammasome and the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on exosome secretion are ***,an outlook on the directions of exosome-NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk research in the context of UC is proposed and areas of further research on this topic are high-lighted.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Exosomes Inflammasome Evidence Therapeutics

Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) Version 15

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 599-604页

作者： John W.Orchard Ebonie Rio Kay M.Crossley Jessica J.Orchard Margo Mountjoy School of Public Health University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia La Trobe Sport and Exercise medicine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3083Australia Department of family medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

Background:Sports medicine(injury and illnesses)requires distinct coding systems because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports medicine *** Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System(OSIICS)is one of two sports medicine coding systems recommended by the International Olympic *** updates of coding systems are ***:For Version 15,updates for mental health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly ***:Recommended codes were added from a recent International Olympic Committee consensus statement on mental health conditions in *** landmark sports cardiology papers were used to update a more comprehensive list of sports cardiology *** union protocols on head injury assessment were used to create additional concussion ***:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into multiple new languages in a timely fashion to facilitate international *** large number of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statements on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

关键词： Sports cardiology Dermatology Eye injuries Concussion Infectious diseases Sports injury classification

Yemazhui(Herba Eupatorii Lindleyani)ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via modulation of the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B/nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 protein signaling pathway and intestinal flor

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第2期44卷 303-314页

作者： REN Li HAI Yang YANG Xue LUO Xianqin Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases College of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China College of Basic medicine Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of Yemazhui(Herba Eupatorii Lindleyani,HEL)against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)and explore its underlying mechanism in ***:The chemical constituents of HEL were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyquadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry ***,HEL was found to suppress LPS-induced ALI in ***-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:control,LPS,Dexamethasone(Dex),HEL low dose 6 g/kg(HEL-L),HEL medium dose 18 g/kg(HEL-M)and HEL high dose 54 g/kg(HEL-H)*** model rats were intratracheally injected with 3 mg/kg LPS to establish an ALI *** counts,lung wet/dry weight ratio,as well as myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity were determined followed by the detection with hematoxylin and eosin staining,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and ***,to explore the effect of HEL on ALI-mediated intestinal flora,we performed 16s rRNA sequencing analysis of intestinal ***:HEL attenuated LPS-induced inflammation in lung tissue and intestinal flora *** study indicated that HEL suppressed the lung coefficient and wet/dry weight ratio of LPS-induced ALI in rats,inhibited leukocytes exudation and MPO activity,and improved the pathological injury of lung *** addition,HEL reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factoralpha,interleukin-1beta(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum,and inhibited nuclear displacement of nuclear factor kappa-B p65(NF-κBp65).And 18 g/kg HEL also reduced the expression levels of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),myeloid differentiation factor 88,NF-κBp65,phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B alpha(phospho-IκBα),nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 protein(NLRP3),IL-1β,and interleukin-18(IL-18)in lung tissue,and regulated intestinal flora disturban

关键词： Yemazhui(Herba Eupatorii Lindleyani) acute lung injury anti-inflammation toll-like receptor 4 nuclear factor kappa-B nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 protein signal transduction gastrointestinal microbiome