检索结果-南通市图书馆

Control of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater by intrinsic and enhanced bioremediation

Journal of environmental sciences 2010年第6期22卷 864-871页

作者： Chih-Ming Kao Rao Y.surampalli Mu.s.eng Lee Institute of environmental Engineering "National" Sun Yat-Sen University u.s.environmental protection agency environmental protection Bureau Kaohsiung City Government

In the first phase of this study, the effectiveness of intrinsic bioremediation on the containment of petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated at a gasoline spill site. Evidences of the occurrence of intrinsic bioremediation within the BTEX （benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes） plume included （1） decreased BTEX concentrations; （2） depletion of dissolved oxygen （DO）, nitrate, and sulfate; （3） production of dissolved ferrous iron, methane, and CO2; （4） deceased pH and redox potential; and （5） increased methanogens, total heterotrophs, and total anaerobes, especially within the highly contaminated areas. In the second phase of this study, enhanced aerobic bioremediation process was applied at site to enhance the BTEX decay rates. Air was injected into the su.s.rface near the mid-plume area to biostimulate the naturally occurring microorganisms for BTEX biodegradation. Field results showed that enhanced bioremediation process caused the change of BTEX removal mechanisms from anaerobic biodegradation inside the plume to aerobic biodegradation. This variation could be confirmed by the following field observations inside the plume due to the enhanced aerobic bioremediation process：（1） increased in DO, CO2, redox potential, nitrate, and sulfate, （2） decreased in dissolved ferrous iron, sulfide, and methane, （3） increased total heterotrophs and decreased total anaerobes. Field results also showed that the percentage of total BTEX removal increased from 92% to 99%, and the calculated total BTEX first-order natural attenuation rates increased from 0.0092% to 0.0188% per day, respectively, after the application of enhanced bioremediation system from the spill area to the downgradient area （located approximately 300 m from the source area）.

关键词： petroleum hydrocarbon groundwater natural attenuation intrinsic bioremediation

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Role of complex organic arsenicals in food in aggregate exposure to arsenic

引用

Journal of environmental sciences 2016年第11期28卷 86-96页

作者： David J.Thomas Karen Bradham Pharmacokinetics Branch Integrated Systems Toxicology Division National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Offilce of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Parle NC 27709 USA Public Health Chemistry Branch Exposure Methods and Measurements Division National Exposure Research Laboratory Offilce of Researchand Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

For much of the world＇s population, food is the major source of exposure to *** to this non-essential metalloid at relatively low levels may be linked to a wide range of adverse health effects. Thus, evaluating foods as sources of exposure to arsenic is important in assessing risk and developing strategies that protect public health. Although most emphasis has been placed on inorganic arsenic as human carcinogen and toxicant, an array of arsenic-containing species are found in plants and animals used as foods. Here,we 2evaluate the contribution of complex organic arsenicals（arsenosugars, arsenolipids,and trimethylarsonium compounds） that are found in foods and consider their origins,metabolism, and potential toxicity. Commonalities in the metabolism of arsenosugars and arsenolipids lead to the production of di-methylated arsenicals which are known to exert many toxic effects. Evaluating foods as sources of exposure to these complex organic arsenicals and understanding the formation of reactive metabolites may be critical in assessing their contribution to aggregate exposure to arsenic.

关键词： Arsenic Arsenobetaine Arsenolipids Arsenosugars

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Method to assess component contribution to toxicity of complex mixtures： Assessment of puberty acqu.s.tion in rats exposed to disinfection byproducts

引用

Journal of environmental sciences 2017年第8期29卷 311-321页

作者： shahid Parvez Glenn E.Rice Linda K.Teuschler Jane Ellen simmons Thomas F.speth susan D.Richardson Richard J.Miltner E.sidney Hunter Ⅲ Jonathan G.Pressman Lillian F.strader Gary R.Klinefelter Jerome M.Goldman Michael G.Narotsky Indiana university Richard M. Fairbanks school of Public Health Department of Environmental Health Sciences IUPUI Campus Indianapolis IN 46202 USA National Center for environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Lincla Teuschler and Associates St. Petersburg FL 33707 USA National Health and environmental Effects Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA National Risk Management Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA

A method based on regression modeling was developed to discern the contribution of component chemicals to the toxicity of highly complex, environmentally realistic mixtures of disinfection byproducts（DBPs）. Chemical disinfection of drinking water forms DBP *** of concerns about possible reproductive and developmental toxicity, a whole mixture（WM） of DBPs produced by chlorination of a water concentrate was administered as drinking water to sprague–Dawley（s–D） rats in a multigenerational study. Age of puberty acqu.s.tion,i.e., preputial separation（PPs） and vaginal opening（VO）, was examined in male and female offspring, respectively. When compared to controls, a slight, but statistically significant delay in puberty acqu.s.tion was observed in females but not in males. WM-induced differences in the age at puberty acqu.s.tion were compared to those reported in s–D rats administered either a defined mixture（DM） of nine regulated DBPs or individual DBPs. Regression models were developed using individual animal data on age at PPs or VO from the DM study. Puberty acqu.s.tion data reported in the WM and individual DBP studies were then compared with the DM models. The delay in puberty acqu.s.tion observed in the WM-treated female rats could not be distingu.s.ed from delays predicted by the DM regression model, suggesting that the nine regulated DBPs in the DM might account for much of the delay observed in the WM. This method is applicable to mixtures of other types of chemicals and other endpoints.

关键词： Drinking water disinfection byproducts DBP Puberty delay Four Lab study Mixtures risk assessment

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity

引用

Journal of environmental sciences 2022年第7期34卷 253-263页

作者： Hannah K.Liberatore Eric J.Daiber sridevi A.Ravuri Judith E.schmid susan D.Richardson David M.DeMarini Air Methods and Characterization Division Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA student services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA National Health and environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Although the health benefits of swimming are well-documented, health effects such as asthma and bladder cancer are linked to disinfection by-products(DBPs) in pool water. DBPs are formed from the reaction of disinfectants such as chlorine(Cl) or bromine(Br) with organics in the water. Our previous study(Daiber et al., Environ. sci. Technol. 50, 6652;2016) found correlations between the concentrations of classes of DBPs and the mutagenic potencies of waters from chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas. We extended this study by identifying significantly different concentrations of 21 individual DBPs in brominated or chlorinated pool and spa waters as well as identifying which DBPs and additional DBP classes were most associated with the mutagenicity of these waters. using data from our previous study, we found that among 21 DBPs analyzed in 21 pool and spa waters, the concentration of bromoacetic acid was significantly higher in Brwaters versus Cl-waters, whereas the concentration of trichloroacetic acid was significantly higher in Cl-waters. Five Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromochloroacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, bromoacetic acid, and tribromoacetic acid) had significantly higher concentrations in Br-spa versus Cl-spa waters. Cl-pools had significantly higher concentrations of ClDBPs(trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and chloroacetic acid), whereas Br-pools had significantly higher concentrations of Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromoacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, and tribromoacetic acid). The concentrations of the sum of all 4 trihalomethanes, all 11 Br-DBPs, and all 5 nitrogen-containing DBPs were each significantly higher in brominated than in chlorinated pools and spas. The 8 Br-DBPs were the only DBPs whose individual concentrations were significantly correlated with the mutagenic potencies of the pool and spa waters. These results, along with those from our earlier study, highlight the importance of Br-DBPs in the muta

关键词： swimming pools Hot tubs Mutagenicity Disinfection byproducts spas

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Treatability aspects of urban stormwater stressors

引用

Frontiers of environmental science & Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 631-637页

作者： Anthony N. TAFuRI Richard FIELD National Risk Management Research Laboratory Water Supply and Water Resources Division Urban Watershed Management Branch U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Edison NJ 08837-3679 USA

Pollution from diffuse sources （pollution from contaminants picked up and carried into surface waters by stormwater runoff） has been identified as a significant source of water quality problems in the u.s. scientists and engineers continue to seek solutions that will allow them to optimize existing technologies and develop new ones that will provide the best possible protection to people, wildlife, and the environment. This paper addresses the various pollutants or stressors in urban stormwater, including flow （shear force）, pathogens, suspended solids/sediment, toxicants （organic and metals）, nutrients, oxygen demanding su.s.ances, and coarse solids. A broad overview of the pollutants removed and the removal mechanisms by and of conventional best management practices （BMPs） is also presented. The principal treatment mechanisms of conventional wet ponds, vegetative swales/ buffer strips, and wetlands are sedimentation and filtration. These mechanisms have the capability to remove sig- nificant amounts of suspended solids or particulate matter and are a vital component of strategies to reduce pollutant loads to receiving waters. In addition, because most of the nation＇s receiving water violations are caused by pathogen indicator bacteria, it is of utmost importance that research efforts address this problem. Further research is also needed on the treatment of emerging contaminants in BMPs and on the costs and affects of maintenance and maintenance schedules on the long-term performance of BMPs.

关键词： stormwater wet weather flow urban runoff

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Deposition behavior of residual aluminum in drinking water distribution system：Effect of aluminum speciation

引用

Journal of environmental sciences 2016年第4期28卷 142-151页

作者： Yue Zhang Baoyou.s.i Yuanyuan Zhao Mingquan Yan Darren A.Lytle Dongsheng Wang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China. College of environmental sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China u.s. environmental protection agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA

Finished drinking water usually contains some residual *** deposition of residual aluminum in distribution systems and potential release back to the drinking water could significantly influence the water quality at consumer taps.A preliminary analysis of aluminum content in cast iron pipe corrosion scales and loose deposits demonstrated that aluminum deposition on distribution pipe surfaces could be excessive for water treated by aluminum coagulants including polyaluminum chloride（PACl）.In this work,the deposition features of different aluminum species in PACl were investigated by simulated coil-pipe test,batch reactor test and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation *** deposition amount of non-polymeric aluminum species was the least,and its deposition layer was soft and hydrated,which indicated the possible formation of amorphous Al（OH）***（13） had the highest deposition tendency,and the deposition layer was rigid and much less hydrated,which indicated that the deposited aluminum might possess regular structure and self-aggregation of Al（13）could be the main deposition *** for Al（30）,its deposition was relatively slower and deposited aluminum amount was relatively less compared with Al（13）.However,the total deposited mass of Al（30） was much higher than that of Al（13）,which was attributed to the deposition of particulate aluminum matters with much higher hydration *** with stationary condition,stirring could significantly enhance the deposition process,while the effect of pH on deposition was relatively weak in the near neutral range of 6.7 to 8.7.

关键词： Aluminum deposition Drinking water distribution system Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) Quartz crystal microbalance

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of neodymium on growth and physiological characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa

引用

Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第4期29卷 388-395页

作者：王应军金航标邓仕槐陈燕余游 College of Resources and Enviroment Sichuan Agricultural University environmental protection agency of Wuxi

To investigate the effect of neodymium （Nd） on Microcystis aeruginosa, the growth and physiological changes were studied by lab cultured experiments. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll a （Chl-a）, soluble protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase （sOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and catalase （CAT） increased compared with the control （Nd3＋-free）, and the growth of M. aeruginosa was stimulated in the treatments of initial Nd3＋ concentration ≤1 mg/L; while the treatments of initial Nd3＋ concentration was in the range of 5.00–10.00 mg/L, the content of malondiadehyde （MDA） increased immediately but the activity of CAT reduced, which resulted in weakened M. aeruginosa’s ability to eliminate the active oxygen and the ruin of antioxidant defense system, and stunting the growth of M. aeruginosa. With the initial Nd3＋ concentration of 50 mg/L, the growth of M. aeruginosa was totally stunted. The ultrastructure showed that excess Nd3＋ could lead to the decrease of thylakoid and the increase of fat particle in cells of M. aeruginosa, and the cell membrane became rough and even broken, causing an irreversible damage to algal cells.

关键词： Microcystis aeruginosa neodymium growth ultrastructure

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Assessment of Neurotoxicity: use of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Biomarker

引用

Biomedical and environmental sciences 1991年第1期4卷 197-206页

作者： JAMEs P.O CALLAGHAN Neurotoxicology Division Health Effects Research Laboratory U. S Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park

Diverse neurotoxic insults result in proliferation and hypertrophy of astrocytes. The hallmark of this response is enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). These observations suggest that GFAP may be a useful biomarker of neurotoxicity. To investigate this possibility, we administered prototype neurotoxicants to experimental animals and assessed the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP, as determined by radioimmunoassay. A review of the background, design, and results of these experiments are presented in this paper. Our findings indicate that GFAP is a sensitive and specific biomarker of neurotoxicity.

关键词： GFAP use of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Biomarker Assessment of Neurotoxicity

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Comparison of Three Macroinvertebrate sampling Methods for use in Assessment of Water Quality Changes in Flashy urban streams

引用

Journal of environmental protection 2020年第8期11卷 585-609页

作者： Roger Yeardley Jr. scott Jacobs Ken Fritz William Thoeny Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA Pegasus Technical services c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA

The unique challenges associated with sampling of macroinvertebrates in flashy urban streams create a methods gap. These streams form isolated pools for much of the year, interspersed with spates that scour and deposit excessive amounts of sediment. Commonly used stream grab sampling methods, such as nets and Hess and surber fixed-area samplers, work well in wadable streams with perennial flow. Deployed samplers (Hester-Dendy, gravel tray) can be used in waters with or without flow. We evaluated three methods which don’t require stream flow: modified Hester-Dendy (MHD), gravel tray, and bucket (a type of cylinder grab sample method), for their potential use in bioassessment of a project involving daylighting of a 180-m culvert on Congress Run, a flashy urban tributary to Mill Creek in Cincinnati, Ohio. Method efficacy was measured using three criteria: usability (level of effort and recoverability of samplers), variability, and community retrieval completeness. The bucket method required the lowest level of effort and had the highest sample recovery. The bucket sampler had the lowest variability for most metrics, including the critical metric of taxa richness, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 20.9%. The MHD and tray samplers had taxa richness CVs of 42.9% and 53.9%, respectively. The bucket sampler also had the lowest CV (27.4%) for a multi-metric index. The bucket sampler performed best with respect to community retrieval completeness, with higher pooled and average taxa richness. The total number of taxa collected from all the replicate bucket grab samples (42) was greater than that collected by the HD and tray samplers combined (27). Multivariate analyses showed significant grouping with respect to methods and location. This study supports the bucket grab sampler method as a candidate for sampling of flashy urban streams.

关键词： Macroinvertebrate Methods stream urban sampling Flow Hydrology

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

FORMATION OF THE sINO-u.s. CENTERs FOR sOIL AND WATER CONsERVATION AND environmental protection

引用

International Journal of sediment Research 2003年第2期 248-252页

作者： John R. GRAY,W.R. OsTERKAMP,scott CHRIsTIANsEN,William A. sPRIGG Hydrologist u.s. Geological survey Research Hydrologist u.s. Geological survey International Program Leader u.s. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research service Director sino-us Centers for soil and Water Conservation and environmental protection Institute for the study of Planet Earth The university of Arizona Reston Virginia Tu.s.n Arizona Beltsville Maryland Tu.s.n

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：