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MFSD12 affects glycosphingolipid metabolism by modulating lysosome homeostasis

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Protein & Cell 2023年第6期14卷 459-463页

作者： Yun Hong Zheng Tian Liangjie Jia Yiguo Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Dear Editor,Glycosphingolipid(GSL)catabolism is strictly regulated in a sequential manner by lysosomal hydrolases with the help of lipid-binding proteins.Impairments of the catabolic pathway cause the onset of lysosomal storage diseases(LsDs),which are characterized by the aberrant accumulation of GSLs(Hannun and Obeid 2018;Breiden and Sandhoff 2019).The primary LSDs occur through the well-known mechanism of inherited defects in genes encoding the catabolic enzymes(or their related cofactors)which reside in the lumen of lysosomes(Hannun and Obeid 2018;Breiden and Sandhoff 2019).However,in some LSDs,the inherited mutations affect other proteins,such as those residing in the lysosomal membrane;these mutations are associated with defects in traffcking and fusion in the endocytic system(Platt et al.2012).However,the non-lumenal lysosomal membrane proteins involved in GSL metabolism remain to be identified.

关键词： metabolism homeostasis defects

Evolution of lmiRNAs and their targets from MITEs for rice adaptation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第12期64卷 2411-2424页

作者： Tianxiao Huang Yan Li Wei Wang Le Xu Jingrui Li Yijun Qi center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China tsinghua University.peking University Joint center for life sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Twenty-four nucleotide long microRNAs(ImiRNAs)direct DNA methylation at target genes and regulate their transcription.The evolutionary origin of ImiRNAs and the range of ImiRNA-mediated regulation remain obscure.Here,we reannotated ImiRNAs and their targets in rice by applying stringent criteria.We found that the majority of ImiRNAs are derived from Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements(MITEs)and most sites targeted by MITE-derived ImiRNAs reside within MITEs,suggesting co-evolution of ImiRNAs and their targets through MITE amplification.ImiRNAs undergo dynamically changes under stress conditions and the genes targeted by ImiRNAs show an enrichment for stress-responsive genes,suggesting that ImiRNAs are widely involved in plant responses to stresses.We constructed the evolutionary histories of ImiRNAs and their targets.Nearly half of ImiRNAs emerged before or when the AA genome was diverged,while the emergence of ImiRNA targets coincided with or followed the emergence of ImiRNAs.Furthermore,we found that the sequences of a ImiRNA target site underwent variations,coincident with the divergence of rice accessions and the distribution of rice accessions in different geographical locations and climatic conditions.Our findings highlight MITEs as an important origin of ImiRNAs and suggest that the evolution of ImiRNA-target regulatory modules may contribute to rice adaptation to environmental changes.

关键词： DNA methylation evolution miRNA stress

A 5′tRNA-Ala-derived small RNA regulates anti-fungal defense in plants

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Science China(life sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 1-15页

作者： Hanqing Gu Bi Lian Yuxiang Yuan Ci Kong Yan Li Chang Liu Yijun Qi center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China tsinghua University-peking University Joint center for life sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Apart from their primordial role in protein synthesis,t RNAs can be cleaved to produce t RNA-derived small RNAs(ts RNAs).The biological functions of ts RNAs in plants remain largely unknown.In this study,we developed Rtc B ligation-based small RNA(s RNA)sequencing,a method that captures and distinguishes between 3′-2′,3′-cyclic-phosphate(c P)/phosphate(P)-terminated s RNAs and 3′-OH-terminated s RNAs,and profiled 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves in Arabidopsis thaliana.We found that Arabidopsis 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves predominantly contain a c P at the 3′end and require S-like RNase 1(RNS1)and RNS3 for their production.One of the most abundant 5′ts RNAs,5′ts R-Ala,by associating with AGO1,negatively regulates Cytochrome P45071 A13(CYP71 A13)expression and camalexin biosynthesis to repress anti-fungal defense.Interestingly,5′ts R-Ala is downregulated upon fungal infection.Our study provides a global view of 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves in Arabidopsis and unravels an important role of a 5′ts RNA in regulating anti-fungal defense.

关键词： tRNA-derived small RNAs small RNA sequencing RNase T2 CYP71A13 disease resistance

Interplant communication:an emerging battlefield in plant-aphid-virus interactions

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Science China(life sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1069-1071页

作者： Yunjing Wang Qian Gong Yule Liu MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China

Plants constantly face threats from various organisms,including pathogens and herbivores.Among the pathogens,plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that infect plants and cause serious crop yield losses.

关键词： plant Plants communication

EARLY FLOWERING IN SHORT DAYS(EFS) regulates the seed size in Arabidopsis

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Science China(life sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 214-224页

作者： Lingling Cheng Sarfraz Shafiq Wei Xu Qianwen Sun center for Plant Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University

Post-transcriptional modifications,including histone modifications and DNA methylation,alter the chromatin landscape to regulate gene expression,thus control various cellular processes in plants.EARLY FLOWERING IN SHORT DAYS(EFS)is the major contributor for H3K36 methylation in Arabidopsis and is important for plant development.Here,we find that EFS is expressed in different stages of embryo morphogenesis,and the efs mutant produces larger embryo that results in enlarged seeds.Further analysis reveals that an imprinted gene MOP9.5 is hypomethylated at the promoter region and its expression is derepressed in efs mutant.MOP9.5 promoter is marked by various epigenetic modifications,and we find that following the increase of H3K36me3,H3K27me3 and H3K9me2 levels are reduced in efs mutant.This data indicates an antagonistic regulation between H3K36me3 and DNA methylation,and/or H3K27me3 at MOP9.5.Our results further show that both maternal and paternal EFS alleles are responsible for the seed size regulation,which unraveled a novel function of EFS in plant development.

关键词： Arabidopsis 种子尺寸调整形态发生 EFS DNA 染色质 efs

Characterization of Photorhabdus Virulence Cassette as a causative agent in the emerging pathogen Photorhabdus asymbiotica

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Science China(life sciences) 2022年第3期65卷 618-630页

作者： Xia Wang Jiaxuan Cheng Jiawei Shen Liguo Liu Ningning Li Ning Gao Feng Jiang Qi Jin NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The extracellular contractile injection systems(e CISs)are encoded in the genomes of a large number of bacteria and archaea.We have previously characterized the overall structure of Photorhabdus Virulence Cassette(PVC),a typical member of the e CIS family.PVC resembles the contractile tail of bacteriophages and exerts its action by the contraction of outer sheath and injection of inner tube plus central spike.Nevertheless,the biological function of PVC effectors and the mechanism of effector translocation are still lacking.By combining cryo-electron microscopy and functional experiments,here we show that the PVC effectors Pdp1(a new family of widespread d NTP pyrophosphatase effector in e CIS)and Pnf(a deamidase effector)are loaded inside the inner tube lumen in a"Peas in the Pod"mode.Moreover,we observe that Pdp1 and Pnf can be directly injected into J774 A.1 murine macrophage and kill the target cells by disrupting the d NTP pools and actin cytoskeleton formation,respectively.Our results provide direct evidence of how PVC cargoes are loaded and delivered directly into mammalian macrophages.

关键词： Photorhabdus asymbiotica PVC cryo-electron microscopy effector pyrophosphatase

Biogenesis of autophagosomes from the ERGIC membrane system

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第1期50卷 3-6页

作者： Yaping Han Shulin Li Liang Ge The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Introduction Macroautophagy(hereafter referred as autophagy)is a process of cellular self-degradation.In response to nutrient deprivation or other stimuli,a nascent double-membrane autophagosome,encapsulating intracellular materials or damaged organelles,is generated.The autophagosome is transported toward and eventually fuses with the lysosome(or the vacuole in yeast and plant cells).

关键词： ERGIC COPII vesicle Autophagosome biogenesis Autophagy ERES

Response to Zhang et al.,‘do egg cell-secreted aspartic proteases promote gamete attachment?'

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第1期65卷 7-9页

作者： Jiahao Jiang Li-Jia Qu State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 China

In angiosperms,the molecular mechanism controlling polytubey/polyspermy block and fertilization recovery was not unraveled until recently(Zhong et al.,2022),which can be described as fol ows:Five pol en tube-expressed RALF peptide ligands,perceived by the receptor complex composed of three receptors FER/ANJ/HERK1 at the septum,establish the polytubey block at the septum so that only one pollen tube is allowed to emerge from the septum to target the ovule for fertilization.Pollen tube rupture releases the two sperm cells and fertilization is completed within 20 min.

关键词： allowed release controlling

The size matters： regulation of lipid storage by lipid droplet dynamics

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Science China(life sciences) 2017年第1期60卷 46-56页

作者： Jinhai Yu Peng Li Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Adequate energy storage is essential for sustaining healthy life.Lipid droplet(LD) is the subcellular organelle that stores energy in the form of neutral lipids and releases fatty acids under energy deficient conditions.Energy storage capacity of LDs is primarily dependent on the sizes of LDs.Enlargement and growth of LDs is controlled by two molecular pathways:neutral lipid synthesis and atypical LD fusion.Shrinkage of LDs is mediated by the degradation of neutral lipids under energy demanding conditions and is controlled by neutral cytosolic Upases and lysosomal acidic Upases.In this review,we summarize recent progress regarding the regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms that control the sizes and the energy storage capacity of LDs.

关键词：能量储存脂质动态调节尺寸分子机制 LDS 健康生活储存能量