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Neural Integration of Audiovisual Sensory Inputs in Macaque Amygdala and Adjacent Regions

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第12期39卷 1749-1761页

作者： Liang Shan Liu Yuan Bo Zhang Jian Ma Xiao Xu Fei Gu Yi Jiang Ji Dai CAS Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and Manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen-Hong Kong institute of brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental research Institutions Shenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of brain and Cognitive Science CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chinese institute for brain research Beijing 102206China Shenzhen Technological research Center for Primate translational Medicine Shenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of brain Science Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563000China

Integrating multisensory inputs to generate accurate perception and guide behavior is among the most critical functions of the brain.Subcortical regions such as the amygdala are involved in sensory processing including vision and audition,yet their roles in multisensory integration remain unclear.In this study,we systematically investigated the function of neurons in the amygdala and adjacent regions in integrating audiovisual sensory inputs using a semi-chronic multi-electrode array and multiple combinations of audiovisual stimuli.From a sample of 332 neurons,we showed the diverse response patterns to audiovisual stimuli and the neural characteristics of bimodal over unimodal modulation,which could be classified into four types with differentiated regional origins.Using the hierarchical clustering method,neurons were further clustered into five groups and associated with different integrating functions and sub-regions.Finally,regions distinguishing congruent and incongruent bimodal sensory inputs were identified.Overall,visual processing dominates audiovisual integration in the amygdala and adjacent regions.Our findings shed new light on the neural mechanisms of multisensory integration in the primate brain.

关键词： Macaque Amygdala-Multisensory Audiovisual integration Neural activity Multichannel recording

从快照到电影:捕捉单核苷酸分辨率的真核生物转录起始过程

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Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 853-855页

作者：尚雪莹徐从玲陈飞 Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Institutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and brain Functional Modulation Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineTranslational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The process of transcription is generally delineated into three sequential phases:initiation,elongation,and termination.The transition between these phases,particularly from initiation to elongation,requires substantial conformational and compositional reconfigurations within the transcription machinery to enable functional switches.Transcription initiation is characterized by the assembly of a preinitiation complex(PIC).

关键词： figuration enable termination

COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s disease:how one crisis worsens the other

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translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第2期10卷 178-194页

作者： Xiaohuan Xia Yi Wang Jialin Zheng Center for translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200434China Collaborative Innovation Center for brain Science Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has emerged as a key comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2).The morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 are elevated in AD due to multiple pathological changes in AD patients such as the excessive expression of viral receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and pro-inflammatory molecules,various AD complications including diabetes,lifestyle alterations in AD,and drug-drug interactions.Meanwhile,COVID-19 has also been reported to cause various neurologic symptoms including cognitive impairment that may ultimately result in AD,probably through the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 into the central nervous system,COVID-19-induced inflammation,long-term hospitalization and delirium,and post-COVID-19 syndrome.In addition,the COVID-19 crisis also worsens behavioral symptoms in uninfected AD patients and poses new challenges for AD prevention.In this review,we first introduce the symptoms and pathogenesis of COVID-19 and AD.Next,we provide a comprehensive discussion on the aggravating effects of AD on COVID-19 and the underlying mechanisms from molecular to social levels.We also highlight the influence of COVID-19 on cognitive function,and propose possible routes of viral invasion into the brain and potential mechanisms underlying the COVID-19-induced cognitive impairment.Last,we summarize the negative impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on uninfected AD patients and dementia prevention.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Alzheimer’s disease Central nervous system Inflammation Cognitive impairment Angiotensin converting enzyme 2

Retina-Inspired Organic Heterojunction-Based Optoelectronic Synapses for Artificial Visual Systems

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research 2021年第1期2021卷 442-451页

作者： Junyao Zhang Yang Lu Shilei Dai Ruizhi Wang Dandan Hao Shiqi Zhang Lize Xiong Jia Huang Interdisciplinary Materials research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China

For the realization of retina-inspired neuromorphic visual systems which simulate basic functions of human visual systems,optoelectronic synapses capable of combining perceiving,processing,and memorizing in a single device have attracted immense interests.Here,optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(Ir(ppy)_(3))and poly(3,3-didodecylquarterthiophene)(PQT-12)heterojunction structure are presented.The organic heterojunction serves as a basis for distinctive synaptic characteristics under different wavelengths of light.Furthermore,synaptic transistor arrays are fabricated to demonstrate their optical perception efficiency and color recognition capability under multiple illuminating conditions.The wavelength-tunability of synaptic behaviors further enables the mimicry of mood-modulated visual learning and memorizing processes of humans.More significantly,the computational dynamics of neurons of synaptic outputs including associated learning and optical logic functions can be successfully demonstrated on the presented devices.This work may locate the stage for future studies on optoelectronic synaptic devices toward the implementation of artificial visual systems.

关键词： Visual artificial optoelectronic

The brain Connectome for Chinese Reading

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第9期38卷 1097-1113页

作者： Wanwan Guo Shujie Geng Miao Cao Jianfeng Feng institute of Science and Technology for brain-Inspired intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and brain-Inspired intelligence(Ministry of Education) Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China

Chinese,as a logographic language,fundamentally differs from alphabetic languages like English.Previous neuroimaging studies have mainly focused on alphabetic languages,while the exploration of Chinese reading is still an emerging and fast-growing research field.Recently,a growing number of neuroimaging studies have explored the neural circuit of Chinese reading.Here,we summarize previous research on Chinese reading from a connectomic perspective.Converging evidence indicates that the left middle frontal gyrus is a specialized hub region that connects the ventral with dorsal pathways for Chinese reading.Notably,the orthography-to-phonology and orthography-to-semantics mapping,mainly processed in the ventral pathway,are more specific during Chinese reading.Besides,in addition to the left-lateralized language-related regions,reading pathways in the right hemisphere also play an important role in Chinese reading.Throughout,we comprehensively review prior findings and emphasize several challenging issues to be explored in future work.

关键词： brain connectome Chinese reading Word recognition Reading comprehension Structural connectivity Functional connectivity

Probing the processing of facial expressions in monkeys via time perception and eye tracking

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动物学研究(英文) 2023年第5期44卷 882-893页

作者： Xin-He Liu Lu Gan Zhi-Ting Zhang Pan-Ke Yu Ji Dai Shenzhen Technological research Center for Primate translational Medicine Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China CAS Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of brain Connectome and Behavior Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China research Center for Medical Artificial intelligence Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Accurately recognizing facial expressions is essential for effective social interactions.Non-human primates(NHPs)are widely used in the study of the neural mechanisms underpinning facial expression processing,yet it remains unclear how well monkeys can recognize the facial expressions of other species such as humans.In this study,we systematically investigated how monkeys process the facial expressions of conspecifics and humans using eye-tracking technology and sophisticated behavioral tasks,namely the temporal discrimination task(TDT)and face scan task(FST).We found that monkeys showed prolonged subjective time perception in response to Negative facial expressions in monkeys while showing longer reaction time to Negative facial expressions in humans.Monkey faces also reliably induced divergent pupil contraction in response to different expressions,while human faces and scrambled monkey faces did not.Furthermore,viewing patterns in the FST indicated that monkeys only showed bias toward emotional expressions upon observing monkey faces.Finally,masking the eye region marginally decreased the viewing duration for monkey faces but not for human faces.By probing facial expression processing in monkeys,our study demonstrates that monkeys are more sensitive to the facial expressions of conspecifics than those of humans,thus shedding new light on inter-species communication through facial expressions between NHPs and humans.

关键词： Monkey Facial expression Time perception Eye-tracking Pupil size

Status of biomarker development for frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2117-2118页

作者： Yue Yang Qi Cheng Jianqun Gao Woojin Scott Kim brain and Mind Centre&School of Medical Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia Stroke and Neurology research Group Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and brain Functional Modulation ShanghaiChina Clinical research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine ShanghaiChina Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Frontotemporal dementia(FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) are neurodegenerative diseases that belong to the same disease spectrum,with overlapping of genetic and pathological features.Genetic mutations in TA... 详细信息

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis diseases

基于受体修饰的双层有机场效应晶体管化学传感器用于高灵敏检测锂离子电池电解液泄漏

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Science China Materials 2022年第5期65卷 1187-1194页

作者：张诗琦陆洋李立王鑫刘大鹏张钧尧代世磊郝丹丹杨奔孙全黄云辉魏莱黄佳 Interdisciplinary Materials research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China institute of New Energy for Vehicles School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310003China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China

易燃易爆的锂离子电池电解液泄漏是电池故障的早期症状之一,甚至会导致电池自燃或电动汽车爆炸.因此,有必要找到一种快速简单的方法来监测电解液泄漏.现有的传感器难以有效且快速地检测微量电解液泄漏.我们首次提出了一种将有机场效应... 详细信息

易燃易爆的锂离子电池电解液泄漏是电池故障的早期症状之一,甚至会导致电池自燃或电动汽车爆炸.因此,有必要找到一种快速简单的方法来监测电解液泄漏.现有的传感器难以有效且快速地检测微量电解液泄漏.我们首次提出了一种将有机场效应晶体管(OFET)的灵敏度和联二脲受体的选择性相结合,以检测电池电解液泄漏的策略.复合后的传感器与没有受体的原始传感器相比,灵敏度显著提高,传感器对碳酸二乙酯的检测限低至1.4 ppm.并且可以在几秒钟内有效地检测到微量的泄漏, 200 n L电解液泄漏能够导致3%的响应.受体复合后的OFET传感器的优异性能使其成为锂离子电池安全监测的良好候选者,并为传感技术的发展提供了一个有前途的平台.

关键词： organic field-effect transistors chemical sensor receptor lithium-ion batteries electrolyte leakage

Monolayer molecular crystals for low-energy consumption optical synaptic transistors

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Nano research 2022年第8期15卷 7639-7645页

作者： Zhekun Hua Ben Yang Junyao Zhang Dandan Hao Pu Guo Jie Liu Lang Jiang Jia Huang Interdisciplinary Materials research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversitySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China

Artificial synaptic devices hold great potential in building neuromorphic computers.Due to the unique morphological features,twodimensional organic semiconductors at the monolayer limit show interesting properties when acting as the active layers for organic field-effect transistors.Here,organic synaptic transistors are prepared with 1,4-bis((5’-hexyl-2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl)ethyl)benzene(HTEB)monolayer molecular crystals.Functions similar to biological synapses,including excitatory postsynaptic current(EPSC),pair-pulse facilitation,and short/long-term memory,have been realized.The synaptic device achieves the minimum power consumption of 4.29 fJ at low drain voltage of−0.01 V.Moreover,the HTEB synaptic device exhibits excellent long-term memory with 109 s EPSC estimated retention time.brain-like functions such as dynamic learning-forgetting process and visual noise reduction are demonstrated by nine devices.The unique morphological features of the monolayer molecular semiconductors help to reveal the device working mechanism,and the synaptic behaviors of the devices can be attributed to oxygen induced energy level.This work shows the potential of artificial neuroelectronic devices based on organic monolayer molecular crystals.

关键词： monolayer molecular crystals synaptic devices organic field-effect transistors optical synaptic transistors