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Biotransformation of Earthworm Activity on Potassium-Bearing Mineral Powder

Journal of Earth Science 2013年第1期24卷 65-74页

作者：朱晓玲连宾杨雪刘丛强朱立军 Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University State Key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study analyzes the biotransformation of earthworms on K in potassium-bearing mineral powder （PBMP） under different PBMP recruitments. A mixture of PBMP （10% to 60% mass fraction） and decaying cow dung was used as feed for breeding the earthworms to study the potassium-releasing ability of earthworms on PBMP in soil. The mixture containing 20% and 30% PBMP resulted in good growth and propagation of the earthworms as well as higher conversion rates of potassium. Therefore, the optimum recruitments of mineral powder are 20% and 30%. The mixture of cow dung and PBMP was compared with the mixture of cow dung and corresponding proportions of quartz powder to analyze the conversion rate of earthworms on PBMP in different combinations. After the earthworms were raised with the mixture of cow dung and PBMP （8 ： 2 and 7 ： 3） for 30 d, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 10 824.3±35.9 and 11 688.4±16.1 mg.k-1 as well as 10 079.6±62.2 and 10 247.5±172.7 ***-1, respectively. After the earthworms were raised with the mixture of cow dung and quartz powder （8 ： 2 and 7 ： 3） for 30 d, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 10 623.3±41.1 and 11 385.5±13.5 ***-1 as well as 9 834.2±51.8 and 9 907.6±11.4 ***-1, respectively. Thus, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K in the mixture of cow dung and PBMP were significantly higher compared with those in the mixture of cow dung and quartz powder （P〈0.05）. The increment contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 201.0 and 302.9 ***1 as well as 245.4 and 339.9 mg-kg1, respectively. Therefore, earthworms can activate and trans-form K into effective K through feeding, digestion, absorption, and excretion. The results pro- vided a new idea of using earthworms to release potassium in low-grade potassium-bearing rocks and obtain the rapidly available K and effective K needed by plants.

关键词： earthworm potassium-bearing mineral powder mineral K rapidly available K effective K activation.

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Effect of cold stratification on the temperature range for germination of Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 221-231页

作者： Yuan Song Xinghuan Li Mingyi Zhang Guowei Xia Chao Xiong College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Qingyuan Forest CERN Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China karst environmental geological hazard prevention laboratory of guizhou minzu university GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Guiyang Institute of Information Science and Technology GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China

Germination at low spring temperatures may offer a competitive advantage for the growth and survival of plant species inhabiting temperate forest *** koraiensis is a dominant species in temperate forests of northeastern *** seeds exhibit primary morphophysiological dormancy following dispersal in autumn,limiting natural or artificial regeneration:direct seeding and planting seedlings in *** aim of this study was to determine the optimum cold stratification temperature that induces germination to increase towards lower *** from two populations(Changbaishan and Liangshui)were cold stratified at 0,5 and 10℃.Germination to incubation temperatures(10/5,20/10,25/15 and 30/20℃;14/10 h day/night)were determined after 2 and 4 weeks,and 5.5 and6.5 months of cold *** 5.5 months,approximately 68-91%of seeds from both populations germinated at incubation temperatures of 25/15℃and 30/20℃,regardless of cold stratification *** the cold stratification temperature was reduced to 0℃and the period increased to 6.5 months,germination at 10/5℃significantly improved,reaching 37%and 64%for the Changbaishan and Liangshui populations,*** 6.5 months of cold stratification,there was a significant linear regression between cold stratification temperatures and germination at10/5℃.The range in temperatures allowing for germination gradually expanded to include lower temperatures with decreasing cold stratification temperatures from 10 to 5℃and further to 0℃.

关键词： Cold Stratification temperatures Pinus koraiensis Seed germination Germination temperature range

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Ultraviolet humic-like component contributes to riverine dissolved organic matter biodegradation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 165-175页

作者： Maofei Ni Siyue Li College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China Research Center for environmental Ecology and Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China the karst environmental geological hazard prevention laboratory of guizhou minzu university Guiyang 550025China Key laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment Research Center for EcohydrologyChongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Biological degradation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)regulates its structure and fate in river *** views suggested that labile components were dominantly consumed by microbial *** we provide new observations that a part of recalcitrant compounds largely contribute to riverine DOM *** excitationemission matrix fluorescent spectroscopy combined with peak picking and parallel factor analysis are used to explore component variability during DOM ***-like and tryptophan-like DOM are the primary components of riverine DOM,with proportion contributions of 39%–82% and 16%–61% for % of the maximumfluorescence intensity,*** 56 days of aerobic incubation in the dark,large amounts of tyrosine-like DOM generation are *** temperature enhances the decomposition of ultraviolet humiclike substance and further stimulates labile DOM bio-mineralization into carbon ***,averaged proportions of amino acid compositions(peak B and T)markedly increase(p<0.05)as the humic-like compositions(peak A,M and C)decrease after DOM incubation,suggesting incomplete degradation of refractory DOM from high-molecular to low-molecular weight *** findings support the new notion of the continuous DOM biodegradation in a mode as“steps by steps”,contributing to a new understanding of carbon cycling for the UN Sustainable Development Goal.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Sequential biodegradation Recalcitrant compounds Component and fate Fluorescence analysis

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红松种子休眠状态的变化调控种子萌发的季节性时间

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第2期16卷 102-113页

作者： Yuan Song Mingyi Zhang Yun Guo Xiaoye Gao College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China the karst environmental geological hazard prevention laboratory of guizhou minzu university Guiyang 550025China

种子休眠能够确保幼苗在一个季节性变化的环境中选择适宜的季节建植。红松(Pinus koraiensis)种子在秋季落下之后具有形态生理休眠。一小部分种子在落下之后的第一个春季萌发,但大部分种子在第二个春季萌发,目前尚不清楚休眠状态如何驱... 详细信息

种子休眠能够确保幼苗在一个季节性变化的环境中选择适宜的季节建植。红松(Pinus koraiensis)种子在秋季落下之后具有形态生理休眠。一小部分种子在落下之后的第一个春季萌发,但大部分种子在第二个春季萌发,目前尚不清楚休眠状态如何驱动这种萌发特性。在2018年10月中旬,在中国东北黑龙江省丰林国家级自然保护区的凋落物和土层之间埋藏新鲜的红松种子,并且隔一段时间取出,测定种子的野外萌发率、种胚生长情况、种子活力和室内萌发率。形态生理休眠的生理休眠部分在第一个冬季逐渐解除,但在第一个夏季被再次诱导;再次被诱导的生理休眠在第二个秋、冬季解除。形态生理休眠的形态休眠部分在第一个夏季逐渐缓慢解除,但在第二个早、中秋季迅速解除。在第二个春季,红松种子完全解除形态生理休眠。种子的生理休眠解除,但形态休眠仍然存在,导致其在第一个春季的野外萌发率非常低。种子的形态和生理休眠均解除,导致大部分种子能在第二个春季相对较低的温度(昼夜温度在10/5°C以上)下萌发。红松种子为形态生理休眠种子的休眠状态变化研究提供了示例。

关键词：红松(Pinus koraiensis) 原生休眠形态生理休眠种胚生长种子萌发时间

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Non-parallelism between the effect of microbial flocculants on sewerage disposal and the flocculation rate

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第2期25卷 139-142页

作者：李静连宾郝建朝赵金朱立军 The Provincial Key laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Bio-Pharmaceutics Guizhou University Guiyang 550003 China State Key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention (guizhou university) Ministry of Education

This paper dealt with non-parallelism between the effect of microbial flocculant (MBF) on sewerage disposal and the flocculation rate, the high flocculation rate doesn’t mean the fine disposal effectiveness, and revealed the problem encountered when the exclusive parameter―flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal. The results showed that MBF made from different carbon sources have some influence on the effectiveness of sewerage disposal; flocculation rate cannot authentically reflect the status of sewerage disposal. When the exclusive parameter―flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal, it would be exaggerated, especially in disposing COD-low sewerage. The authors considered that when flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal, it is better to take COD-removal rate into account.

关键词：絮凝率 COD 去除率微生物凝聚剂污水处理

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Weathering of Carbonate Rocks by Biological Soil Crusts in karst Areas

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第4期25卷 662-667页

作者： Ye Chen Bin Lian Zuoying Yin Yuan Tang Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou University Jiangsu Key laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology College of Life Science Nanjing Normal University Puding karst Ecosystem Research Station State Key Laboratory of Environmental GeochemistryInstitute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

The weathering of carbonate rocks by biological soil crusts （BSC） in karst areas is very common. It is helpful to understand the weathering mechanisms and processes for avoiding karst rock-desertification. The weathering of carbonate rocks by BSC in karst areas, namely the expansion, contraction and curl resulting from environmental wetting-drying cycles, was investigated and ana- lyzed in this paper. The bulk density, area and thickness of BSC were determined and the weathering amount of limestone and dolomite per unit area of BSC was calculated as 3 700 and 3 400 g·m-2; the amount of biomass on the surface of limestone and dolomite was calculated as 1 146 and 1 301 g·m-2, respectively. Such an increased weathering amount was not only the result of chemical and physical weathering of BSC on carbonate rocks, but also the attachment and cementation of BSC to clay particles, dust-fall, sand particles, solid particles brought by strong air currents, wind and other factors in the surrounding environment, which may also be related to the special environment and the special time period. Based on the results obtained, a weathering mode of BSC is studied, and the mechanisms of weathering by BSC are discussed. In conclusion, we suggest that the mechanical force exerted by the expansion and constriction of gelatinous and mucilaginous substances through wetting and drying of BSC play a significant role in the physical weathering process of the carbonate substrates.

关键词： biological soil crust dolomite limestone weathering amount biomass.

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Sedimentary Environment and Mineralization of the Black Shale Polymetallic Layer in the Early Cambrian,SW China:Constraints from in situ LA-ICP-MS Analysis of Pyrite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 416-429页

作者： YANG Zhen FU Yong LI Chao CAI Xi GUO Chuan College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Resources and environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key laboratory of karst Georesources and the Environment Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 500025China National Research Center for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

A polymetallic layer is usually developed at the bottom of the early Cambrian black shale in guizhou *** mineral that makes up the polymetallic layer is related to the sedimentary *** analyze the differentiation mechanism between polymetallic deposits(Ni-Mo and V),the Zhijin Gezhongwu profile located in the outer shelf and the Sansui Haishan V deposit located in the lower slope are selected to study the in situ sulfur isotopes and trace elements of *** results show that δ^(34)S values of pyrite vary widely from−7.8‰to 28‰in the Gezhongwu profile,while the δ^(34)S values are relatively uniform(from 27.8‰to 38.4‰)in the Haishan *** isotopic S composition is consistent with the transition that occurs in the sedimentary phase from the shelf to the deep sea on the transgressive Yangtze platform;this indicates that the δ^(34)SO_(4)^(2−)values in seawater must be differently distributed in depositional *** sulfur in the Ni-Mo layer is produced after the mixing of seawater and hydrothermal fluid,while the V layer mainly originates from ***,the Ni-Mo and V deposits have been differentiated primarily on the basis of the combined effect of continental weathering and hydrothermal fluid.

关键词： sedimentary environment black shale polymetallic layer pyrite early Cambrian

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Weathering-pedogenesis of Carbonate Rocks and Its environmental Effects in Subtropical Region

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第5期82卷 982-993页

作者： ZHU Lijun HE Shouyang LI Jingyang Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention （guizhou university） Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550003 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of guizhou Province Guiyang Guizhou 550004 Laboraryfor Study of Earth＇s Interior and Geofluids Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou 550002 Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039

We investigated the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and its environmental effects in subtropical regions of China. The investigation demonstrated that the weathering- pedogenesis of carbonate rocks is the process of a joint action of corrosion and illuviation and metasomatism in subtropical region. It is characterized by multi-stage, multi-path and multi-style. With the persisting development of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks, metasomatic pedogenesis progressively became the main process of the weathering-pedogenesis and the dominant style of formation of minerals. And it proceeds through the whole process of evolution of the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks. The stage evolution of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and the fractionation evolution of newly produced minerals are characterized by obvious vertically zoning structures and the rules of gradation of elements geochemical characteristics in the carbonate rocks weathering profiles. The geochemical process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks can be divided into three geochemical evolution stages, i.e., the Ca, Mg-depletion and Si, Al-enrichment stage; the Fe, Mn enrichment stage and the Si-depletion and Al-enrichment stage in the subtropical regions. Consistent with the three geochemical evolution stages, the sequence of formation and evolution of minerals can be divided into the clay mineral stage; the Fe, Mn oxide and the gibbsite stage. The influence of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks on the chemical forms of heavy elements is mainly affected via newly produced components and minerals in the process of weathering-pedogenesis, e.g., iron oxide minerals and organic matters. The important mechanism for the mobilization, transport and pollution of F and As is affected the selective adsorption and desorption of F and As on the surface of iron oxide minerals in the subtropical karst zones, i.e., the selective adsorption and desorption on mineral surfaces of

关键词： carbonate rocks weathering-pedogenesis metasomatic pedogenesis environmental effects subtropical region

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