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Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angajendra N Ghosh Calum J Walsh Matthew J Maiden Tim P Stinear Adam M Deane Department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the GI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the GI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter GI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to GI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the GI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

Forging an easier path through graduation:Improving the patient transition from paediatric to adult critical care

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 82-90页

作者： Stephen Warrillow Ben Gelbart Jess Stevens Gordon Baikie Mark E Howard Department of Intensive Care Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Critical Care The University of MelbourneParkville 3010VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care Royal Children’s HospitalParkville 3010VictoriaAustralia Living with Disability Research Centre La Trobe UniversityBundoora 3086VictoriaAustralia Department of Neurodevelopment&Disability Royal Children’s HospitalParkville 3010VictoriaAustralia Department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkville 3010VictoriaAustralia Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia

Adolescence and the journey to adulthood involves exciting opportunities as well as psychosocial stress for young people growing *** normal experiences are potentially magnified for teenagers living with chronic illness or disability and their *** in care have improved survival for children with a variety of serious chronic medical conditions such that many who may once have died in childhood now survive well into adulthood with ongoing *** those with highly complex needs,care is often provided at major paediatric hospitals with expertise,specially trained personnel,and resources to support young people and their families for the first decades of *** the end of adolescence,however,it is generally appropriate and necessary for young adults and their caregivers to transition to the care of clinicians trained in the care of adults at general *** there are some well-managed models to support this journey of transition,these are often specific to certain conditions and usually do not involve intensive *** patients may encounter considerable challenges during this *** may include the loss of established therapeutic relationships,a perception of austerity and reduced amenity in facilities oriented to caring for adult patients,and care by clinicians with less experience with more common paediatric *** addition,there is a risk of potential conflict between clinicians and families regarding goals of care in the event of a critical illness when it occurs in a young adult with major disability and long-term health *** challenges present genuine opportunities to better understand the transition from paediatric to adult-based care and to improve processes that assist clinicians who support patients and families as they shift between healthcare settings.

关键词： Paediatric intensive care Disability Adult intensive care Transition Critical care

Transcriptome analysis of ankylosed primary molars with infraocclusion

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第1期12卷 68-76页

作者： Annie Tong Yuh-Lit Chow Katie Xu Rita Hardiman Paul Schneider Seong-Seng Tan melbourne Dental School The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Florey Institute of Neuroscience The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Primary molar ankylosis with infraocclusion can retard dental arch development and cause dental asymmetry. Despite its widespread prevalence, little is known about its molecular etiology and pathogenesis. To address this, RNA sequencing was used to generate transcriptomes of furcal bone from infraoccluded(n = 7) and non-infraoccluded(n = 9) primary second molars, all without succeeding biscuspids. Of the 18 529 expressed genes, 432(2.3%) genes were differentially expressed between the two groups(false discovery rate < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed clear separation in gene expression between infraoccluded and non-infraoccluded samples. Pathway analyses indicated that molar ankylosis is associated with the expression of genes consistent with the cellular inflammatory response and epithelial cell turnover. Independent validation using six expressed genes by immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the corresponding proteins are strongly expressed in the developing molar tooth germ, in particular the dental follicle and inner enamel epithelium. The descendants of these structures include the periodontal ligament, cementum, bone and epithelial rests of Malassez;tissues that are central to the ankylotic *** therefore propose that ankylosis involves an increased inflammatory response associated with disruptions to the developmental remnants of the dental follicle and epithelial rests of Malassez.

关键词： occlusion infra molar

Molecular Structure Tailoring of Organic Spacers for High‑Performance Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 314-357页

作者： Pengyun Liu Xuejin Li Tonghui Cai Wei Xing Naitao Yang Hamidreza Arandiyan Zongping Shao Shaobin Wang Shaomin Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049People’s Republic of China Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic 3000Australia WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM‑MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Engineering Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000People’s Republic of China

Layer-structured Ruddlesden–Popper(RP)perovskites(RPPs)with decent stability have captured the imagination of the photovoltaic research community and bring hope for boosting the development of perovskite solar cell(PSC)***,two-dimensional(2D)or quasi-2D RP PSCs are encountered with some challenges of the large exciton binding energy,blocked charge transport and poor film quality,which restrict their photovoltaic ***,these issues can be readily resolved by rationally designing spacer cations of *** review mainly focuses on how to design the molecular structures of organic spacers and aims to endow RPPs with outstanding photovoltaic *** firstly elucidated the important roles of organic spacers in impacting crystallization kinetics,charge transporting ability and stability of *** we brought three aspects to attention for designing organic ***,we presented the specific molecular structure design strategies for organic spacers of RPPs aiming to improve photovoltaic performance of RP *** proposed strategies in this review will provide new avenues to develop novel organic spacers for RPPs and advance the development of RPP photovoltaic technology for future applications.

关键词： Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Low-dimensional perovskite solar cells Organic spacers Molecular structure Design strategies

Asymptotic false discovery control of the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for pairwise comparisons

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第01期 223-252页

作者： Weidong Liu Dennis Leung Qi-Man Shao School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Department of Statistics and Data Science SICMSouthern University of Science and Technology

In a one-way analysis-of-variance(ANOVA) model,the number of pairwise comparisons can become large even with a moderate number of *** by this,we consider a regime with a growing number of groups and prove that,when testing pairwise comparisons,the Benjamini-Hochberg(BH) procedure can asymptotically control false discoveries,despite the fact that the involved t-statistics do not exhibit the wellknown positive dependence structure required for exact false discovery rate(FDR) *** Tukey's perspective that the difference between the means of any two groups cannot be exactly zero,our main result provides control over the directional false discovery rate and directional false discovery proportion.A key technical contribution of our work is demonstrating that the dependence among the t-statistics is sufficiently weak to establish the convergence result typically required for asymptotic FDR *** analysis does not rely on conventional assumptions such as normality,variance homogeneity,or a balanced design,thereby offering a theoretical foundation for applications in more general settings.

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Modelling of a post-combustion carbon dioxide capture absorber using potassium carbonate solvent in Aspen Custom Modeller

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2327-2336页

作者： Yue Wu Fan Wu Guoping Hu Nouman R.Mirza Geoffrey W.Stevens Kathryn A.Mumford Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Melbourne Peter Cook Centre for CCS Research The University of Melbourne Particulate Fluids Processing Centre (PFPC) The University of Melbourne

The process models for an equilibrium CO_2 absorber and a rate based CO_2 absorber using potassium carbonate(K2 CO3) solvents were developed in Aspen Custom Modeller(ACM) to remove CO_2 from a flue gas. The process model utilised the Electrolyte Non-Random Two Liquid(ENRTL) thermodynamic model and various packing correlations. The results from the ACM equilibrium model shows good agreement with an inbuilt Aspen Plus?model when using the same input conditions. By further introducing a Murphree efficiency which is related to mass transfer and packing hydraulics, the equilibrium model can validate the experimental results from a pilot plant within a deviation of 10%. A more rigorous rate based model included mass and energy flux across the interface and the enhancement effect resulting from chemical reactions. The rate based model was validated using experimental data from pilot plants and was shown to predict the results to within 10%. A parametric sensitivity analysis showed that inlet flue gas flowrate and K2 CO3 concentration in the lean solvent has significant impact on CO_2 recovery. Although both models can provide reasonable predictions based on pilot plant results, the rate based model is more advanced as it can explain mass and heat transfer, transport phenomena and chemical reactions occurring inside the absorber without introducing an empirical Murphree efficiency.

关键词： Equilibrium Rate based Modelling Absorber Potassium carbonate

Automatic Generation Control of Multi-area Power System with Network Constraints and Communication Delays

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第3期8卷 454-463页

作者： Ragini Patel Lasantha Meegahapola Liuping Wang Xinghuo Yu Brendan McGrath Royal melbourne Institute of Technology university MelbourneVic 3000Australia

Newly proposed power system control methodologies combine economic dispatch(ED) and automatic generation control(AGC) to achieve the steady-state cost-optimal solution under stochastic operation conditions. However, a real power system is subjected to continuous demand disturbance and system constraints due to the input saturation, communication delays and unmeasurable feed-forward load disturbances. Therefore, optimizing the dynamic response under practical conditions is equally important. This paper proposes a state constrained distributed model predictive control(SCDMPC)scheme for the optimal frequency regulation of an interconnected power system under actual operation conditions, which exist due to the governor saturation, generation rate constraints(GRCs), communication delays, and unmeasured feed-forward load disturbances. In addition, it proposes an algorithm to handle the solution infeasibility within the SCDMPC scheme, when the input and state constraints are conflicting. The proposed SCDMPC scheme is then tested with numerical studies on a three-area interconnected network. The results show that the proposed scheme gives better control and cost performance for both steady state and dynamic state in comparison to the traditional distributed model predictive control(MPC) schemes.

关键词： Automatic generation control constraints distributed control frequency regulation model predictive control(MPC) tie-lines

A framework for a microscale flood damage assessment and visualization for a building using BIM-GIS integration

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第4期9卷 363-386页

作者： Sam Amirebrahimi Abbas Rajabifard Priyan Mendis Tuan Ngo Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Infrastructure EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Department of Infrastructure Engineering University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Flood damage assessment(FDA)is a key component of risk-based method for flood *** the current FDA approaches,generally the uniqueness of the building is disregarded in the ***,they are unfit for detailed applications in which case-by-case analysis of building damage is an essential *** limitation is compounded by the use of incomplete and often low-quality data inputs about the building and the assumptions and approximations made regarding the geometry and materials of its *** shortcomings may result in incomplete and uncertain *** the benefits and increasing use of three-dimensional(3D)urban modeling and Building Information Model in various urban management processes,in this paper,an integrated framework for utilization of detailed 3D building models for the assessment and 3D visualization of flood damage to building according to its distinct behavior against flood is presented.A proof-ofconcept demonstration of the framework in a case study underlined the feasibility of implementation of the framework,which can potentially benefit a variety of users and be used as a complementary approach to the current FDA methods for improving the resilience of the community toward floods and their adverse impacts.

关键词： flood damage assessment building BIM GIS CityGML framework

Modeling coordinated multiple views of heterogeneous data cubes for urban visual analytics

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第7期8卷 558-578页

作者： Ivo Widjaja Patrizia Russo Chris Pettit Richard Sinnott Martin Tomko Department of Computing and Information Science The University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Faculty of Architecture Building and PlanningThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia

With the explosion of digital data,the need for advanced visual analytics,including coordinated multiple views(CMV),is rapidly *** enable users to discover patterns and examine relationships across multiple visualizations of one or multiple *** have been implemented in a web-based environment through the Australian Urban Research Infrastructure Network(AURIN)*** offers a platform providing seamless and secure access to an extensive range of distributed urban datasets across *** exploration of these datasets is essential to support research *** paper focuses on the challenges in dealing with complexity and multidimensionality of datasets used in *** rely on the concept of multidimensional data cubes as the theoretical framework for coordination across *** the concept of data cubes and hierarchical dimensions,we present strategies to automatically build render *** provides an implicit coordination based on cube structures and a framework to establish links between a dataset with its aggregates in a one-to-many *** CMV approach is demonstrated using aggregate-level data,which is provided through federated data *** paper discusses the issues around our CMV implementation and concludes by reflecting on the challenges in supporting spatio-temporal urban data exploration.

关键词： visual analytics spatial-temporal data urban big data brushing linking