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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo L.Peri Juan Gaitán Matías Mastrangelo Marcelo nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel Balducci Martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia Marina González Polo Silvina Manrique Pablo A.Meglioli Julián Rodríguez-Souilla Martín Mónaco Jimena E.Chaves Ariel Medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi María Paula Barral Axel von Müller norberto M.Pahr Josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández Marina Morsucci Dardo López Juan Manuel Cellini Leandro Alvarez Ignacio Barberis Hernán Colomb Ludmila La Manna Sebastián Barbaro Cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco Laura Cavallero Gualberto Zalazar Guillermo Martínez Pastur Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (InTA) universidad nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UnPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) universidad nacional de Luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) CCT San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (InIBIOMA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán universidad nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques nacionales (APn) Parque Nacional Los Alerces Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (CEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background The nationally determined contribution（nDC） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United nations Framework Conven-tion on Climate Change（UnFCCC） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOC） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission Levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. The objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOC stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOC stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOC native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOC. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. To determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（LST） images from Landsat *** SOC model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. Total mean SOC stock reached 2.81 Pg C（2.71–2.84 Pg C with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity native forest Climate change mitigation Modelling Resilience

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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUITRAGO-GUACAnAME Carlos MOLInERI Andrés LIRA-nORIEGA Daniel Andrés DOS SAnTOS neotropical Biodiversity Institute(COnICET-UnT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina COnACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of South American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a n-S direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Fractions of a chloroform extract of ajenjo leaves (Artemisiamendozana DC. var. mendozana) inhibit the proliferation,viability and clonogenicity of B16-F0 melanoma cells

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BIOCELL 2020年第3期44卷 293-299页

作者： MARÍA ELISA MILLÁn MARÍA FERnAnDA MARRA LEOnARDO AnDRÉS SALVARREDI EMILIO FERnAnDO LIZARRAGA LUIS ALBERTO LOPEZ universidad nacional de Cuyo MendozaArgentina Comisión nacional de Energía Atómica Buenos AiresArgentina Fundación Escuela de Medicina nuclear MendozaArgentina Fundación Miguel Lillo y universidad nacional de tucumán San Miguel de TucumánArgentina

The ajenjo,Artemisia mendozana ***(Asteraceae),grows in the Andean foothills of Mendoza and San Juan,Argentina,and is used as a medicinal plant for its antispasmodic and antifungal *** aim of this work was to obtain fractions of a chloroform extract of ajenjo leaves and to evaluate the in vitro effects on proliferation,viability and clonogenicity of B16-F0 melanoma *** a silica gel chromatography column,120 fractions were collected and grouped according to the chromatographic profile in 9 main fractions(F1–F9).Their major compounds identified were:terpenes(F1),terpenes and sesquiterpene lactones(F2–F3),sesquiterpenes(F4–F6)and phenols and sesquiterpenes(F7-9).B16-F0 cells were incubated for 72 h with DMSO(vehicle)or 0.1 mg/ml F1–*** 72 h of culture,F1 decreased both the growing index(GI)and cell viability.F2 and F3 both decreased GI and only F3 decreased clonogenic activity.F4 and F5 both decreased *** F5 decreased cell viability and F4 decreased ***,fractions F6–F8 did not affect any of the cell parameters assayed,while F9 decreased cell viability and inhibited clonogenicity.

关键词： Terpenes Sesquiterpene lactones Sesquiterpenes Phenols

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Smallanthus sonchifolius roots ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by reducing redox imbalance and hepatocyte damage in rats fed with a high fructose diet

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第9期9卷 365-372页

作者： Mariano nicolás Alemán Sara Serafina Sánchez Stella Maris Honoré Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (InSIBIO) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT)

Objective: To evaluate the potential of Smallanthus sonchifolius(S. sonchifolius) roots in ameliorating hepatic damage of rats fed with a high fructose ***: The effect of S. sonchifolius roots on energy intake, body weight, fat and liver mass was determined in male rats fed with a high-fructose diet. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lipoproteins and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were analyzed. Histological changes of the livers were evaluated by electronic microscopy and apoptosis was examined using the TUnEL method. The levels of malondialdehyde, reducedglutathione and antioxidant enzymes(catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase) activities were also ***: S. sonchifolius roots significantly decreased energy intake, body weight, fat and liver mass(P nchifolius roots ameliorated liver steatosis and mitochondrial morphology, avoiding cellular apoptosis and normalizing transaminase activity in the liver of rats fed with high fructose. Enzymatic assays revealed that S. sonchifolius roots had a modulatory effect on the oxidative stress induced by fructose-feeding by reducing lipid peroxidation(P nd antioxidant enzyme activities(P n ***: S. sonchifolius roots can ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by improving oxidative stress and liver injury.

关键词： Smallanthus sonchifolius roots non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Oxidative stress Apoptosis Liver

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Therapeutic effect of Streptococcus thermophilus CRL 1190-fermented milk on chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1622-1630页

作者： Cecilia Rodríguez Marta Medici Fernanda Mozzi Graciela Font de Valdez Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-COnICET Cátedra Microbiología Superior Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán

AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with the fermented milk for 7 d after inducing gastritis with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 10 d). Omeprazole was included in this study as a positive therapeutic control. The gastric in? ammatory activity was evaluated from gastric histology and in? ammation score, number of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (InFγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TnF-α) cytokine-producing cells in the gastric mucosa, and thickness of the mucus layer. RESULTS: Animals receiving treatment with the EPS-producing S. thermophilus CRL 1190 fermented milk showed a conserved gastric mucosa structure similar to that of healthy animals. In? ammation scores of the fermented milk-treated mice were lower than those of mice in the gastritis group (0.2 ± 0.03 vs 2.0 ± 0.6, P decrease in InFγ+ (15 ± 1.0 vs 28 ± 1.2, P nd TnF-α+ (16 ± 3.0 vs 33 ± 3.0, P nd an increase in IL-10+ (28 ± 1.5 vs 14 ± 1.3, P n increase in the thickness of the mucus gel layer (2.2 ± 0.6 vs 1.0 ± 0.3; 5.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.4 in the corpus and antrum mucosa, respectively, P noted. A milk suspension of the purif ied EPS from S. thermophilus CRL1190 was also effective as therapy for gastritis.

关键词： Lactic acid bacteria Probiotics Gastritis Streptococcus thermophilus Exopolysaccharides

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Circular natural Geoforms, Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第9期7卷 1303-1317页

作者： Adolfo Antonio Gutiérrez Ricardo Mon Clara Eugenia Cisterna universidad nacional de tucumán Tucumán Argentina

We describe two circular morphological features representing depressed areas. This preliminary work is based on visual interpretations from Landsat ETM satellite images and SRTM Radar scans. The two geoforms are located at the north of the Sierras Pampeanas in Argentina. The La Ciénaga circular indentation is 15 km in diameter and Las Cejas is 34 km in diameter. Until now rings of these characteristics, magnitudes and diameters are unknown and unheard of in Argentina.

关键词： Impact Structures Meteorites Geoforms

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Linking the hierarchical decision- making process of fruit choice and the phenotypic selection strength on fruit traits by birds

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 713-720页

作者： Facundo X.Palacio Juan Manuel Girini Mariano Ordano Fundación Miguel Lillo Miguel Lillo 251CP T4000JFESan Miguel de TucumánTucumánArgentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(COnICET) Argentina Sección Ornitología División Zoología VertebradosFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataPaseo del Bosque s/nCP B1900FWALa PlataBuenos AiresArgentina

Aims Animals in search of fleshy fruits forage mostly according to the number of available fruits and then select individual fruits based on reward quality or advertised subtle *** hierarchical pat-tern of fruit choice would be translated into patterns of selection strength mediated by frugivores on fruit display ***,frugi-vores would exert higher selection pressures on fruit crop size and lower selection pressures on within-plant variation of phenotypic traits(infructescence,fruit and seed size).However,no attempt to link this behavioral mechanism of hierarchical trait selection to natural selection patterns has been ***,we sought to determine the relationship between the hierarchical decision-mak-ing process of fruit choice and patterns of natural selection on fruit *** We recorded bird visits and measured fruit-related traits(fruit crop size,fruit diameter and seed weight)in a natural population of Psychotria carthagenensis,a bird-dispersed treelet,in a Yungas for-est from *** assess phenotypic selection patterns on fruit display traits,we performed multivariate selection analysis,and to explicitly identify a hierarchy of fruit trait choice we used a classifi-cation tree as a predictive *** Findings Selection patterns on fruit display traits were in agreement with a hierarchical process of fruit choice made by *** strength of directional selection on the total number of fruits in a plant(*** crop size)was nearly two times higher than on fruit size,and the classification tree analysis supported this hierarchical *** results support previous evidence that seed dispersers shape fruit crop size with higher intensity than subindividual fruit ***,high levels of subindividual phenotypic variation of fruit display traits may be explained by relaxed selection pressures exerted by *** studies also show that this pattern may consti-tute a general phenomenon among other pl

关键词： plant-animal interactions seed dispersal selection gradients subindividual variation

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neural network for Estimating Daily Global Solar Radiation Using Temperature, Humidity and Pressure as Unique Climatic Input Variables

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2016年第3期7卷 94-103页

作者： Victor Adrian Jimenez Amelia Barrionuevo Adrian Will Sebastiá n Rodrí guez Grupo de Investigació n en Tecnologí as Informá ticas Avanzadas Facultad Regional Tucum&aacute n Universidad Tecnol&oacute gica nacional Tucum&aacute n Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología Universidad Nacional de Tucum&aacute n Tucum&aacute n Argentina

Solar radiation is one of the most important parameters for applications, development and research related to renewable energy. However, solar radiation measurements are not a simple task for several reasons. In the cases where data are not available, it is very common the use of computational models to estimate the missing data, which are based mainly on the search for relationships between weather variables, such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, sunshine hours, etc. But, many of these are subjective and difficult to measure, and thus they are not always available. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating daily global solar radiation, combining empirical models and artificial neural networks. The model uses temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure as the only climatic input variables. Also, this method is compared with linear regression to verify that the data have nonlinear components. The models are adjusted and validated using data from five meteorological stations in the province of tucumán, Argentina. Results show that neural networks have better accuracy than empirical models and linear regression, obtaining on average, an error of 2.83 [MJ/m2] in the validation dataset.

关键词： Daily Solar Radiation Estimation Empirical Solar Radiation Model Feedforward Backpropagation neural network Regression Analysis

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The Statistical Experimental design for Chemical Reactors Modeling

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第14期7卷 1534-1546页

作者： Graciela Prieto Oscar Prieto Teresa Unzaga Carlos Gay Kazunori Takashima Akira Mizuno the universidad nacional de tucumán San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina The Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan

The Statistical Experimental design techniques are the most powerful tools for the chemical reactors experimental modeling. Empirical models can be formulated for representing the chemical behavior of reactors with the minimal effort in the necessary number of experimental runs, hence, minimizing the consumption of chemicals and the consumption of time due to the reduction in the number of experimental runs and increasing the certainty of the results. Four types of nonthermal plasma reactors were assayed seeking for the highest efficiency in obtaining hydrogen and ethylene. Three different geometries for AC high voltage driven reactors, and only a single geometry for a DC high voltage pulse driven reactor were studied. According to the fundamental principles of chemical kinetics and considering an analogy among the reaction rate and the applied power to the plasma reactor, the four reactors are modeled following the classical chemical reactors design to understand if the behavior of the nonthermal plasma reactors can be regarded as the chemical reactors following the flow patterns of PFR (Plug Flow Reactor) or CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor). dehydrogenation is a common elimination reaction that takes place in nonthermal plasmas. Owing to this characteristic, a paraffinic heavy oil with an average molecular weight corresponding to C15 was used to study the production of light olefins and hydrogen.

关键词： Chemical Reactors Modeling Statistical Experimental designs nonthermal Plasma Chemical Reactors

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Lactic Acid Fermentation of Peppers

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 47-55页

作者： Maria Rosa Alberto Maria Francisca Perera Mario Eduardo Arena Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) Tucumán Argentina Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) Tucumán Argentina Centro Científico Tecnológico tucumán—Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CCT-COnICET) Tucumán Argentina. Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) Tucumán Argentina Centro Científico Tecnológico tucumán—Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CCT-COnICET) Tucumán Argentina.

Different peppers fermentations (Capsicum annum, grossum variety) were assayed: spontaneous, native microflora supplemented individually with Lactobacillus plantarum n8, Leuconostoc mesentereroides L. or Pediococcus pentosaceus 12p and by pure or combined cultures of these lactic acid bacteria (LAB). In order to eliminate the native flora, different kinds of heat treatment were assayed. The treatment selected was heating in autoclaved after research 3/4 atmosphere and to turn off. Fermentations were carried out at 22?C and 30?C and the culture media contained 2% or 0.2% glucose and 4% naCl. Sugar consumption, pH reduction and acid production were higher at 30℃ than at 22℃. At both temperatures, spontaneous fermentation showed a slower rate reduction in pH than inoculated samples. Diminution in pH in presence of 2% glucose was faster than at 0.2%, but minimum pH was in both case lower than 3.0. Maximum growth was reached between 2 and 5 days of fermentation in all the samples assayed. After 30 days of incubation in presence of 2% glucose the survival of LAB was nearly 5 log ufc/ml. The survival was higher at the lower temperature assayed for both glucose concentrations. Organoleptic properties of peppers fermented with a mixed culture of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Pediococcus pentosaceus were found best by a human panel. This sample has a relation lactic acid/acetic acid of nearly 3 in the conditions assayed.

关键词： Fermentation Lactic Acid Bacteria Peppers Capsicum annum

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