Linking the hierarchical decision- making process of fruit choice and the phenotypic selection strength on fruit traits by birds

作     者：Facundo X.Palacio Juan Manuel Girini Mariano Ordano 

作者机构：Fundación Miguel LilloMiguel Lillo 251CP T4000JFESan Miguel de TucumánTucumánArgentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Argentina Sección OrnitologíaDivisión Zoología VertebradosFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataPaseo del Bosque s/nCP B1900FWALa PlataBuenos AiresArgentina 

出 版 物：《Journal of Plant Ecology》 (植物生态学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第10卷第4期

页      面：713-720页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0902[农学-园艺学] 090201[农学-果树学] 

基　　金：Fundación Miguel Lillo and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) PIP 11420110100395 to M.O 

主　　题：plant-animal interactions seed dispersal selection gradients subindividual variation 

摘      要：Aims Animals in search of fleshy fruits forage mostly according to the number of available fruits and then select individual fruits based on reward quality or advertised subtle *** hierarchical pat-tern of fruit choice would be translated into patterns of selection strength mediated by frugivores on fruit display ***,frugi-vores would exert higher selection pressures on fruit crop size and lower selection pressures on within-plant variation of phenotypic traits(infructescence,fruit and seed size).However,no attempt to link this behavioral mechanism of hierarchical trait selection to natural selection patterns has been ***,we sought to determine the relationship between the hierarchical decision-mak-ing process of fruit choice and patterns of natural selection on fruit *** We recorded bird visits and measured fruit-related traits(fruit crop size,fruit diameter and seed weight)in a natural population of Psychotria carthagenensis,a bird-dispersed treelet,in a Yungas for-est from *** assess phenotypic selection patterns on fruit display traits,we performed multivariate selection analysis,and to explicitly identify a hierarchy of fruit trait choice we used a classifi-cation tree as a predictive *** Findings Selection patterns on fruit display traits were in agreement with a hierarchical process of fruit choice made by *** strength of directional selection on the total number of fruits in a plant(*** crop size)was nearly two times higher than on fruit size,and the classification tree analysis supported this hierarchical *** results support previous evidence that seed dispersers shape fruit crop size with higher intensity than subindividual fruit ***,high levels of subindividual phenotypic variation of fruit display traits may be explained by relaxed selection pressures exerted by *** studies also show that this pattern may consti-tute a general phenomenon among other pl