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Machine Learning-Aided Data Analysis in Single-Protein Conductance Measurement with Electron Tunneling Probes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第1期42卷 67-72页

作者： Yuxin Yang Tao Jiang Ye Tian Biaofeng Zeng Longhua Tang State Key Laboratoryof Extreme photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang University HangzhouZhejiang 310027China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface institute HangzhouZhejiang 311100China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems College of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang University HangzhouZhejiang 310027China

The electrical tunneling sensors have excellent potential in the next generation of single-molecule measurement and sequencing technologies due to their high sensitivity and spatial resolution *** tunneling signals that have been measured at a high sampling rate may provide detailed molecular *** the extraordinarily large amount of data that has been gathered,it is still difficult to correlate signal transformations with molecular processes,which creates great obstacles for signal *** learning is an effective tool for data analysis that is currently gaining more *** has demonstrated promising results when used to analyze data from single-molecule electrical *** order to extract meaningful information from raw measurement data,we have combined intelligent machine learning with tunneling electrical *** the purpose of analyzing tunneling electrical signals,we investigated the clustering approach,which is a classic algorithm in machine learning.A clustering model was built that combines the advantages of hierarchical clustering and Gaussian mixture model ***,customized statistical algorithms were *** has been proven to efficiently gather molecular information and enhance the effectiveness of data analysis.

关键词： Tunneling sensor Single-molecule measurement Machine learning Single-protein conductance Molecular electrochemistry Nanotechnology Molecular electronics

Electron vortices generation of photoelectron of H_(2)^(+) by counter-rotating circularly polarized attosecond pulses

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第1期33卷 362-367页

作者：杨浩婧刘晓煜朱风筝焦利光刘爱华 institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Mathematics and Physics Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Helmholtz-Institut Jena D-07743 JenaGermany State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and photonics Chinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710119China

Molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distributions(MF-PMDs) of an H_(2)^(+) molecule ion in the presence of a pair of counter-rotating circularly polarized attosecond extreme ultraviolet laser pulses is studied by numerically solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation within the frozen-nuclei approximation. At small time delay, our simulations show that the electron vortex structure is sensitive to the time delay and relative phase between the counterrotating pulses when they are partially overlapped. By adjusting time delay and relative phase, we have the ability to manipulate the MF-PMDs and the appearance of spiral arms. We further show that the internuclear distance can affect the spiral vortices due to its different transition cross sections in the parallel and perpendicular geometries. The lowest-order perturbation theory is employed to interpret these phenomena qualitatively. It is concluded that the internuclear distancedependent transition cross sections and the confinement effect in diatomic molecules are responsible for the variation of vortex structures in the MF-PMDs.

关键词： photoelectron momentum distribution attosecond pulse vortex

Harnessing the power of complex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARCY L.SMITH LINH V.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REJA ERIK P.SCHARTNER HEIKE EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAVID J.OTTAWAY STEPHEN C.WARREN-SMITH institute for photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physics and photonics Devices Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental *** properties can be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatially resolved sensing information into the speckle pattern and the ability to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode coupling is crucial to achieving spatially resolved *** leverage machine learning to quantitatively extract the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatically different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode coupling provides the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

Triboelectric nanogenerator integrated with a simple controlled switch for regularized water wave energy harvesting

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7585-7592页

作者： Hongbo Yang Xi Liang Junwu Kan Zhong Lin Wang Tao Jiang Zhanyong Hong College of Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and SystemsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China The Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-photonics and Nano-Structure Department of PhysicsCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Guangzhou institute of Blue Energy Guangzhou 510555China Georgia institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332-0245USA Yonsei Frontier Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Ocean is full of low-frequency,irregular,and widely distributed wave energy,which is suitable as the energy source for maritime Internet of Things(IoTs).Utilizing triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)to harvest ocean wave energy and power sensors is proven to be an effective ***,in random ocean waves,the irregular electrical energy output by general TENGs restricts the *** present,achieving regularized water wave energy harvesting relies on rather complex mechanical structure designs,which is not conducive to *** this work,we proposed a novel mechanical controlled TENG(MCTENG)with a simple controlled switch to realize the regularization *** structural parameters of the MC-TENG are optimized,and the optimal output voltage,output current,and transferred charge respectively reach 1684.2 V,85.4μA,and 389.9 nC,generating a peak power density of 38.46 W·m^(−3)·Hz^(−1).Under real water wave environment,the output of the MC-TENG is regularized and keeps stable regardless of any wave ***,the potential applications of the MC-TENG are demonstrated in powering environmental temperature,humidity,and wind speed *** work renders a simple approach to achieve effective regularized ocean wave energy harvesting,promoting the TENG industrialization toward practical application of maritime IoTs.

关键词： water wave energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators random excitation mechanical control regular output

Flexible nanoimprint lithography enables high-throughput manufacturing of bioinspired microstructures on warped substrates for efficient III-nitride optoelectronic devices

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2080-2088页

作者： Siyuan Cui Ke Sun Zhefu Liao Qianxi Zhou Leonard Jin Conglong Jin Jiahui Hu Kuo-Sheng Wen Sheng Liu Shengjun Zhou Center for photonics and Semiconductors School of Power and Mechanical EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China The institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo ONN2L 3G1Canada Jiangxi SMTC Semiconductor Co. Ltd.Nanchang 330096China

III-nitride materials are of great importance in the development of modern optoelectronics,but they have been limited over years by low light utilization rate and high dislocation densities in heteroepitaxial films grown on foreign substrate with limited refractive index contrast and large lattice ***,we demonstrate a paradigm of high-throughput manufacturing bioinspired microstructures on warped substrates by flexible nanoimprint lithography for promoting the light extraction *** design a flexible nanoimprinting mold of copolymer and a two-step etching process that enable high-efficiency fabrication of nanoimprinted compound-eye-like Al2O3 microstructure(NCAM)and nanoimprinted compound-eye-like SiO_(2)microstructure(NCSM)template,achieving a 6.4-fold increase in throughput and 25%savings in economic costs over stepper projection *** to NCAM template,we find that the NCSM template can not only improve the light extraction capability,but also modulate the morphology of AlN nucleation layer and reduce the formation of misoriented GaN grains on the inclined sidewall of microstructures,which suppresses the dislocations generated during coalescence,resulting in 40%reduction in dislocation *** study provides a low-cost,high-quality,and high-throughput solution for manufacturing microstructures on warped surfaces of III-nitride optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Flexible nanoimprint lithography Bioinspired Micro-and nano-manufacturing III-nitride epitaxy Optoelectronic devices

Chiral transmission by an open evolution trajectory in a non-Hermitian system

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 628-636页

作者： Xiaoqian Shu Qi Zhong Kai Hong Oubo You Jian Wang Guangwei Hu Andrea Alù Shuang Zhang Demetrios N.Christodoulides Lin Chen Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China. Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China. CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA. Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10031USA. Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research institute Shenzhen 518063China

Exceptional points(EPs),at which two or more eigenvalues and eigenstates of a resonant system coalesce,are associated with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with gain and/or loss *** encircling of EPs has received significant interest in recent years,as it has been shown to lead to highly nontrivial phenomena,such as chiral transmission in which the final state of the system depends on the encircling ***,chiral transmission for a pair of eigenmodes has been realized by establishing a closed dynamical trajectory in parity-time-(PT-)or anti-PT-symmetric *** chiral transmission of symmetry-broken modes,more accessible in practical photonic integrated circuits,has been realized by establishing a closed trajectory encircling EPs in anti-PTsymmetric systems,the demonstrated transmission efficiency is very low due to path-dependent ***,we demonstrate chiral dynamics in a coupled waveguide system that does not require a closed ***,we explore an open trajectory linking two infinite points having the same asymptotic eigenmodes(not modes in PT-and anti-PT-symmetric systems),demonstrating that this platform enables high-efficiency chiral transmission,with each eigenmode localized in a single *** concept is experimentally implemented in a coupled silicon waveguide system at telecommunication *** work provides a new evolution strategy for chiral dynamics with superior performance,laying the foundation for the development of practical chiral-transmission devices.

关键词： chiral system symmetric

Surrounding rock classification from onsite images with deep transfer learning based on EfficientNet

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 1311-1320页

作者： Xiaoying ZHUANG Wenjie FAN Hongwei GUO Xuefeng CHEN Qimin WANG Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Chair of Computational Science and Simulation Technology Institute of PhotonicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover 30167Germany Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Guizhou Xingyi Huancheng Expressway Co. Ltd.Xingyi 562400China

This paper proposes an accurate,efficient and explainable method for the classification of the surrounding rock based on a convolutional neural network(CNN).The state-of-the-art robust CNN model(EfficientNet)is applied to tunnel wall image *** filtering,data augmentation and other data pre-processing techniques are used to improve the data quality and *** with transfer learning,the generality,accuracy and efficiency of the deep learning(DL)model are further improved,and finally we achieve 89.96%*** with other state-of-the-art CNN architectures,such as ResNet and Inception-ResNet-V2(IRV2),the presented deep transfer learning model is more stable,accurate and *** reveal the rock classification mechanism of the proposed model,Gradient-weight Class Activation Map(Grad-CAM)visualizations are integrated into the model to enable its explainability and *** developed deep transfer learning model has been applied to support the tunneling of the Xingyi City Bypass in the high mountain area of Guizhou,China,with great results.

关键词： surrounding rock classification convolutional neural network EfficientNet Gradient-weight Class Activation Map

Dynamic tunable LWIR achromatic metalens comprising all-As_(2)Se_(3) microstructures

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 191-195页

作者： Zhihao He Bingxia Wang Zhiang Qian Kongsi Zhou Xiang Shen Yungui Ma Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices The Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesKey Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang ProvinceNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic ResearchCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In the field of long-wave infrared(LWIR) thermal imaging, vital for applications such as military surveillance and medical diagnostics, metalenses show immense potential for compact, lightweight, and low-power optical systems. However, to date, the development of LWIR broadband achromatic metalenses with dynamic tunable focus, which are suitable for both coaxial and off-axis applications, remains a large unexplored area. Herein, we have developed an extensive database of broadband achromatic all-As2Se3microstructure units for the LWIR range. Utilizing this database with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, we have designed and demonstrated LWIR broadband achromatic metalenses capable of coaxial and off-axis focusing with three dynamic tunable states. This research may have potential applications for the design of compact, high-performance optical devices, including those with extreme depth-of-field and wide-angle imaging capabilities.

关键词： achromatic metalens long-wave infrared dynamic tunable focus

Plasmon-enhanced self-powered GaN/ZnTe core/shell nanopillar array photodetector

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5569-5577页

作者： Jianqi Dong Dongqi Zhang Yi Ma Daotong You Jinping Chen Bin Liu Xingfu Wang Zengliang Shi Chunxiang Xu State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China institute of photonics Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices Institute of SemiconductorsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

Nanostructure photodetectors,as the core component of optoelectronic devices,are mainly focused on the precise preparation of mixed-component nano-heterostructures and the realization of zero power consumption ***,we successfully fabricated n-GaN/p-ZnTe core/shell nanopillar array and realized self-power ultraviolet/violet *** radial heterojunction nanodevice reveals high light-dark current ratio of 104 at 0 V bias,indicating effective carriers’*** more,by integrating plasmonic effect,the responsivity and detectivity of the Au nanoparticles decorated device are increased from 3.85 to 148.83 mA/W and 4.45×1011 to 2.33×1012 Jones under 325 nm UV light *** the rise and the fall time are decreased 1.3 times and 6.8 times under 520 nm visible light irradiation at 0 V *** high photocurrent gain is derived from that the oscillating high-energy hot electrons in Au nanoparticles spontaneously inject into the ZnTe conduction band to involve the photodetection *** work presents an effective route to prepare high-performance self-power photodetector and provides a promising blueprint to realize different functional photoelectronic devices based on core/shell nanostructure.

关键词： GaN/ZnTe core/shell nanopillar array self-power ultraviolet/visible photodetector plasmonic effect