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Flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body aspiration in children:A single-centre experience

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 127-134页

作者： Aleh Sautin Kirjl Marakhouski Aleh Pataleta Kirill Sanfirau Diagnostic Division Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Paediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus

BACKGROUND The technological evolution of bronchoscopy has led to the widespread adoption of flexible techniques and their use for both diagnostic and therapeutic ***,there is an active debate regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of rigid vs flexible bronchoscopy in the treatment of foreign body *** To evaluate our experience with tracheobronchial foreign body extraction using flexible bronchoscopy and provide a literature *** This was a single-centre retrospective ***-four patients were enrolled between January 2017 and January *** records of patients aged below 18 years who were admitted to authors’affiliated institution with a suspected diagnosis of foreign body aspiration were collected from hospital’s database to Microsoft Excel *** were analysed using MedCalc Statistical *** Patient ages varied from 9 months to 11 *** median age was 23.5 months,95%confidence interval(CI)*** observed age clustering in children with foreign body aspiration at our institution with three age subgroups:(1)0-25 months;(2)40-60 months;and(3)120-140 *** expectancy of an organic tracheobronchial foreign body was significantly higher in 0-25 months subgroup than that in older ones when subgroups 40-60 and 120-140 months were combined together(odds ratio=10.0,95%CI:1.44-29.26,P=0.0197).Successful foreign body extraction was performed in all *** to a rigid bronchoscope was not required in any of the *** major complications(massive bleeding,tracheobronchial tree perforation,or asphyxia)were *** Flexible bronchoscopy is an effective and safe method for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction in children.

关键词： Foreign body aspiration Tracheobronchial foreign body paediatric bronchoscopy Flexible bronchoscopy Rigid bronchoscopy

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Terahertz spectroscopy of water in nonionic reverse micelles

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第1期22卷 128-134页

作者：张佳琦闫玉岳刘立媛张伟力 centre for Terahertz Waves and College of precision Instrument and Optoeletronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma 74078United States

The dynamics of water within a nanopool of a reverse micelle is heavily affected by the amphiphilic *** this work,the terahertz(THz)spectra of cyclohexane/Igepal/water nonionic reverse micelle mixture are measured by THz timedomain spectroscopy and analyzed with two Debye models and complex permittivity of background with volume *** on the fitted parameters of bulk and fast water,the molar concentration of all kinds of water molecules and hydration water molecule number per Igepal molecule are *** find that slow hydration water has the highest proportion in water when the radius parameterω_(0)<10,while bulk water becomes the main component whenω_(0)≥*** feature radius ratio of nonhydrated and hydrated water to total water nanopool is roughly obtained from 0.39 to 0.85 with increasingω_(0).

关键词： reverse micelle water dynamics THz spectroscopy

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Kinematic calibration method with high measurement efficiency and robust identification for hybrid machine tools

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 468-482页

作者： Liping WANG Mengyu LI Guang YU Weitao LI Xiangyu KONG State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipment and Control Beijing 100084China

Geometric error is the main factor affecting the machining accuracy of hybrid machine *** calibration is an effective way to improve the geometric accuracy of hybrid machine *** necessity to measure both position and orientation at each pose,as well as the instability of identification in case of incomplete measurements,severely affects the application of traditional calibration *** this study,a kinematic calibration method with high measurement efficiency and robust identification is proposed to improve the kinematic accuracy of a five-axis hybrid machine ***,the configuration is introduced,and an error model is ***,by investigating the mechanism error characteristics,a measurement scheme that only requires tool centre point position error measurement and one alignment operation is ***,by analysing the effects of unmeasured degrees of freedom(DOFs)on other DOFs,an improved nonlinear least squares method based on virtual measurement values is proposed to achieve stable parameter identification in case of incomplete measurement,without introducing additional ***,the proposed calibration method is verified through simulations and *** proposed method can efficiently accomplish the kinematic calibration of the hybrid machine *** accuracy of the hybrid machine tool is significantly improved after calibration,satisfying actual aerospace machining requirements.

关键词： Hybrid machine tool Calibration Measurement scheme Improved nonlinear least squares method Virtual measurement values

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Laser manufacturing of spatial resolution approaching quantum limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 421-428页

作者： Xiao-Jie Wang Hong-Hua Fang Zhen-Ze Li Dan Wang Hong-Bo Sun State Key Laboratory of precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun 130012China

Atomic and close-to-atom scale manufacturing is a promising avenue toward single-photon emitters,single-electron transistors,single-atom memory,and quantum-bit devices for future communication,computation,and sensing *** manufacturing is outstanding to this end for ease of beam manipulation,batch production,and no requirement for *** is,however,suffering from optical diffraction ***,we report a spatial resolution improved to the quantum limit by exploiting a threshold tracing and lock-in method,whereby the two-order gap between atomic point defect complexes and optical diffraction limit is surpassed,and a feature size ofcentre yield in hexagonal boron nitride is transformed from stochastic to deterministic,and the emission from individual sites becomes polychromatic to *** a result,single colour centres in the regular array are deterministically created with a unity yield and high positional accuracy,serving as a step forward for integrated quantum technological applications.

关键词： quantum limit resolution

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Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： Mudasir A.Kumar Sadaf K.Baba Hana Q.Sadida Sara Al.Marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin Faisal H.Altemani Naseh Algehainy Mohammad A.Alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra Rakesh Kumar Ammira S.Al-Shabeeb Akil Muzafar A.Macha Rashid Mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick centre for Molecular medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of Human Genetics-precision medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar Metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular *** exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological *** serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses *** vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease *** in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic ***,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical *** need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains *** into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the *** this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

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Molecule configurations modulate packing array and charge transfer in cocrystal engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 512-516页

作者： Shenglong An Mengyuan Qiao Xin Jin Xuanying Chen Jianhua Su Lifang Guo Zhiyun Zhang Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CentreFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryEast China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai200237China

Organic cocrystal as an emerging assembly strategy has received increasing attention in constructing multiple functional materials,through continually screening suitable constituent monomers or changing their stoichiometry ***,the role of molecule configuration in the cocrystal field is rarely explored despite the fascinating potential in regulating the packing *** this study,the N,N′-diphenyl-5,10-dihydrophenazine derivatives(DPPs) with the flexible scaffold and different methyl substitutions are selected as the donors bearing various molecular *** a simple collaborative way,a series of cocrystals based on DPPs and OFN(octafluoronaphthalene) are fabricated,exhibiting two self-adaptive molecular stacking arrays.X-ray crystallographic analysis and theoretical calculation unveil their different π···π interactions and charge transfer characters,leading to the significant emission redshift up to 125 nm compared with individual *** a result,controllable molecule stacking structure,tunable emission,and charge transfer properties can be *** study provides a new perspective to reveal the structure-property relationships at the molecular level by controlling the molecule configuration in cocrystal engineering,contributing to the development of cocrystal theoretical physics and organic functional materials.

关键词： cocrystals molecular configuration self-adaptive packing mode charge transfer

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Effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of wire-arc additively manufactured Al-Cu alloy

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2181-2193页

作者： ZHANG Tao QIN Zhen-yang GONG Hai WU Yun-xin CHEN Xin Light Alloy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Welding and Additive Manufacturing centre Cranfield UniversityBedfordMK430ALUK

Wire-arc additive manufacture(WAAM)has great potential for manufacturing of Al-Cu ***,inferior mechanical properties of WAAM deposited material restrict its industrial ***-layer cold rolling and thermo-mechanical heat treatment(T8)with pre-stretching deformation between solution and aging treatment were adopted in this *** effects on hardness,mechanical properties and microstructure were analyzed and compared to the conventional heat treatment(T6).The results show that cold rolling increases the hardness and strengths,which further increase with T8 *** ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 513 MPa and yield stress(YS)of 413 MPa can be obtained in the inter-layer cold-rolled sample with T8 treatment,which is much higher than that in the as-deposited *** cold-rolled samples show higher elongation than that of as-deposited ones due to significant elimination of porosity in cold rolling;while both the T6 and T8 treatments decrease the *** cold rolling and pre-stretching deformation both contribute to the formation of dense and dispersive precipitatedθ′phases,which inhibits the dislocation movement and enhances the strengths;as a result,T8 treatment shows better strengthening effect than the T6 *** strengthening mechanism was analyzed and it was mainly related to work hardening and precipitation strengthening.

关键词： wire-arc additive manufacture inter-layer cold rolling thermal-mechanical treatment microstructure mechanical properties strengthening mechanism

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Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1258-1277页

作者： Yu Fu Jianmin Zhou Martine Schroyen Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai Qi Jing Wang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory Gembloux Agro‑Bio TechTERRA Teaching and Research CentreUniversity of LiegeGembloux B‑5030Belgium

Background Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying *** study compared the differences of eggshell quality,bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiologi-cal characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction.A total of 24074-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high(HBS,44.83±1.31 N)or low(LBS,24.43±0.57 N)eggshell breaking strength *** A decreased thickness,weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS,accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca *** quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality,marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the *** the LBS,the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew *** the initiation stage of eggshell calcification,a total of 130 differentially expressed genes(DEGs,122 upregulated and 8 downregulated)were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the *** DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca *** values of p62 protein level,caspase-8 activity,Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the *** assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the *** few DEGs were identified at the growth stage,similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the *** expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocal-cin were upregulated in humeri of the *** diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the *** The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages,which

关键词： Bone parameter Calcium transport Eggshell quality Laying hen Tissue damage

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Interconnected microstructure and flexural behavior of Ti_(2)C-Ti composites with superior Young’s modulus

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2088-2101页

作者： Fengbo Sun Rui Zhang Fanchao Meng Shuai Wang Lujun Huang Lin Geng School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Waikato centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing School of EngineeringUniversity of WaikatoHamilton 3240New Zealand State Key Laboratory of precision Welding&Joining of Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To enhance the Young’s modulus(E)and strength of titanium alloys,we designed titanium matrix composites with intercon-nected microstructure based on the Hashin-Shtrikman *** to the results,the in-situ reaction yielded an interconnected microstructure composed of Ti_(2)C particles when the Ti_(2)C content reached 50vol%.With widths of 10 and 230 nm,the intraparticle Ti lamellae in the prepared composite exhibited a bimodal size distribution due to precipitation and the unreacted Ti phase within the grown Ti_(2)C *** composites with interconnected microstructure attained superior properties,including E of 174.3 GPa and ultimate flexural strength of 1014 *** with that of pure Ti,the E of the composite was increased by 55% due to the high Ti_(2)C content and interconnected *** outstanding strength resulted from the strong interfacial bonding,load-bearing capacity of interconnected Ti_(2)C particles,and bimodal intraparticle Ti lamellae,which minimized the average crack driving *** flexural tests revealed preferential crack initiation along the{001}cleavage plane and grain boundary of Ti_(2)C in the region with the highest tensile *** addition,the propagation can be efficiently inhibited by interparticle Ti grains,which prevented the brittle fracture of the composites.

关键词： titanium matrix composites titanium carbide interface Young’s modulus flexural behavior

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Influence of preterm birth on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and childhood developmental vulnerability:a causal mediation analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 54-63页

作者： Bereket Duko Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin Gizachew Assefa Tessema Gavin Pereira Australian centre for precision Health UniSA Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaNorth TerraceAdelaideSA5000Australia Curtin School of Population Health Faculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA 6102Australia enAble Institute Curtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA6102Australia centre for Fertility and Health(CeFH) Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway

Background Epidemiological studies examining the direct and indirect effects of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)on offspring early childhood developmental vulnerability are ***,the aims of this study were to estimate the direct and indirect effects of GDM(through preterm birth)on early childhood developmental *** We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and early childhood developmental vulnerability in children born in Western Australia(WA)using maternal,infant and birth records from the Midwives Notification,Hospitalizations,Developmental Anomalies,and the Australian Early Development Census(AEDC)*** used two aggregated outcome measures:developmentally vulnerable on at least one AEDC domain(DV1)and developmentally vulnerable on at least two AEDC domains(DV2).Causal mediation analysis was applied to estimate the natural direct(NDE),indirect(NIE),and total(TE)effects as relative risks(RR).Results In the whole cohort(n=64,356),approximately 22%were classified as DV1 and 11%as DV2 on AEDC *** of the natural direct effect suggested that children exposed to GDM were more likely to be classified as DV1(RR=1.20,95%CI:1.10-1.31)and DV2(RR=1.34,95%CI:1.19-1.50)after adjusting for potential *** 6%and 4%of the effect of GDM on early childhood developmental vulnerability was mediated by preterm birth for DV1 and DV2,*** Children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus were more likely to be developmentally vulnerable in one or more AEDC *** biological mechanism for these associations is not well explained by mediation through preterm birth.

关键词： Child development Causal mediation analysis Gestational diabetes mellitus Offspring

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