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Decoding the biochemical dialogue:metabolomic insights into soybean defense strategies against diverse pathogens

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2234-2250页

作者： Min Qiu Mengjun Tian Yaru Sun Huaibo Li Wenwen Huang Haibing Ouyang Shaoyan Lin Chen Zhang Ming Wang Yuanchao Wang Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Plant PathologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China The key laboratory of Plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China key laboratory of Soybean Disease and pest control(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China China State key laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soybean,a crucial global leguminous crop,confronts persistent threats from diverse pathogens,exerting a profound impact on global *** genetic dimensions of soybean-pathogen interactions have garnered attention,the intricate biochemical responses remain poorly *** this study,we applied targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(LC-MS)metabolite profiling to dissect the complex interplay between soybeans and five distinct *** analysis uncovered 627 idMS/MS spectra,leading to the identification of four main modules,encompassing flavonoids,isoflavonoids,triterpenoids,and amino acids and peptides,alongside other compounds such as *** shifts were observed in both primary and secondary metabolism in response to pathogenic *** notable were the bidirectional changes in total flavonoids across diverse pathogenic inoculations,while triterpenoids exhibited a general declining *** among the highly inducible total flavonoids were known representative antipathogen compounds(glyceollin I),backbone forms of isoflavonoids(daidzein,genistein,glycitein,formononetin),and newly purified compounds in this study(prunin).Subsequently,we delved into the biological roles of these five compounds,validating their diverse functions against pathogens:prunin significantly inhibited the vegetative growth and virulence of Phytophthora sojae;genistein exhibited a pronounced inhibitory effect on the vegetative growth and virulence of Phomopsis longicolla;daidzein and formononetin displayed significant repressive effects on the virulence of *** study underscores the potent utility of metabolomic tools,providing in-depth insights into plant-pathogen interactions from a biochemical *** findings not only contribute to plant pathology but also offer strategic pathways for bolstering plant resistance against diseases on a broader scale.

关键词： metabolome soybean soybean-pathogens interaction secondary metabolites triterpenoids flavonoids isoflavonoids antimicrobial compounds

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Linkages among leaf nutrient concentration,resorption efficiency, litter decomposition and their stoichiometry to canopy nitrogen addition and understory removal in subtropical plantation

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 90-102页

作者： Jawad Ali Shah Wenfei Liu Saif Ullah Honglang Duan Fangfang Shen Yingchun Liao Guomin Huang Jianping Wu Ministry of Education key laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province Yunnan University Jiangxi key laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology Nanchang Institute of Technology key laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou College of ForestryGuizhou University

Background The prevalence of understory removal and anthropogenic nitrogen(N) deposition has significantly altered the ecological processes of forest ecosystems at both regional and global scales. However, it remains a pressing challenge to understand how N deposition and understory removal affect leaf nutrient dynamics, nutrient resorption, litter decomposition, and their linkages for better managing forest ecosystems under nutrient imbalances induced by N enrichment. To address this research gap, a field manipulation experiment was carried out in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation with four treatments including: control(CK), canopy N addition(CN), understory removal(UR), and canopy N addition plus understory removal(CN × UR). Green and senesced leaf N and phosphorus(P) concentrations, N and P resorption efficiencies, litter decomposition, and their correlations were *** The results revealed that the average N concentrations of green early and late leaves in UR were increased by 6.61 and 18.89% compared to CK. UR had the highest whereas CN had the lowest P concentrations in green leaves across the two sampling seasons. Following this, UR, leaf type, season, and their interactions significantly affected leaf N, P, and N:P(P < 0.05). The highest leaf N resorption(32.68%) and P resorption efficiencies(63.96%) were recorded in UR. Litter decomposition was significantly retarded in UR(P < 0.01) relative to CN. The regression analysis demonstrated that leaf nutrient status was significantly interconnected with leaf nutrient resorption efficiencies. In addition, leaf nutrient dynamics were strongly correlated with litter nutrients, indicating that both were *** These findings can deepen our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling and reveal contrasting nutrientacquisition strategies on N and P limitation in response to UR and CN. Considering the P limitation, it is important to note that P was resorbed more efficiently, illustrating a

关键词： Nutrient resorption Nitrogen deposition Litter decomposition Stoichiometry Understory removal Subtropical plantation

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MicroR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 co-target Akt to regulate Lasioderma serricorne reproduction

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 106-118页

作者： Yi Yan Dong-Dong Qin Hong Yang Kang-Kang Xu Can Li Wen-Jia Yang Provincial key laboratory for Agricultural pest Management of Mountainous Region Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Guizhou Provincial key laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region College of Biology and Environmental EngineeringGuiyang UniversityGuiyangChina

High fecundity is a common characteristic of insect pests which increases the difficulty of population ***/threonine kinase Akt is an indispensable component of the insulin signaling *** of LsAkt severely hinders reproduction in Lasioderma serricorne,a stored product insect ***,the post-transcriptional pathway of LsAkt in *** remains *** study identified 2 binding sites of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 in the coding sequences of *** expression profiles of 2 microRNAs(miRNAs)and LsAkt displayed an opposite pattern during the adult *** reporter assay showed that novel-mir50 and miR-9c-5p could downregulate the expression of *** of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 by injection of mimics inhibited the expression of LsAkt and reduced oviposition,decreased egg hatchability,and blocked ovarian *** also decreased the expression of genes involved in ovarian development(LsVg and LsVgR)and the nutritional signaling pathway(LsTOR,LsS6K,and Ls4EBP),and reduced the phosphorylation of ***,injection of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 inhibitors induced the expressions of LsAkt,LsVg,LsVgR,LsTOR,LsS6K,and Ls4EBP,enhanced Akt phosphorylation level,and accelerated ovarian *** of bovine insulin downregulated the expression of miR-9c-5p and novel-mir50 and upregulated the LsAkt *** also rescued the reproductive development defects associated with miR-9c-5p/novel-mir50 overexpression,forming a positive regulatory loop of insulin *** results indicate that miR-9c-5p/novel-mir50 regulates the female reproduction of *** by targeting Akt in response to insulin *** data also demonstrate the effects of the insulin/miRNA/Akt regulatory axis in insect reproduction.

关键词： Akt insulin Lasioderma serricorne microRNA reproduction

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Effects of fermented sweet potato residue on nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and intestinal microbes in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 75-86页

作者： Ting Yao Chenyu Wang Lifen Liang Xuan Xiang Hui Zhou Wentao Zhou Ruoxin Hou Tianli Wang Liuqin He Shiyu Bin Yulong Yin Tiejun Li Hunan Provincial key laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Provincial key laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal University key laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of EducationCollege of Life ScienceGuangxi Normal University

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different proportions of dietary fermented sweet potato residue(FSPR) supplementation as a substitute for corn on the nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and intestinal microbes of yellow-feathered broilers. Experiment 1(force-feeding) evaluated the nutrient composition and digestibility of mixtures with different proportions of sweet potato residue(70%, 80%,90%, and 100%) before and after fermentation. In Experiment 2(metabolic growth), a total of 420 oneday-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 4 groups and fed corn-soybean mealbased diets with 0, 5%, 8%, and 10% FSPR as a substitute for corn. The force-feeding and metabolic growth experiments were performed for 9 and 70 d, respectively. The treatment of 70% sweet potato residue(after fermentation) had the highest levels of crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber and improved the digestibility of crude protein and amino acids(P < 0.05). Although dietary FSPR supplementation at different levels had no significant effect on growth performance and intestinal morphology, it improved slaughter rate, half-chamber rate, full clearance rate, and meat color, as well as reduced cooking loss in the breast and thigh muscles(P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 8% and 10% FSPR increased the serum immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels in broilers(P < 0.05). Furthermore, 10% FSPR increased the Shannon index and Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-014, Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-010 and Romboutsia abundances and decreased Sutterella and Megamonas abundances(P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis showed that meat color was positively correlated with Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-014(P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with Megamonas(P < 0.05). Collectively, 70% sweet potato residue(after fermentation) had the best nutritional value and nutrient digestibility. Dietary supplementation with 8% to 10%FSPR as a substitute for corn can improve the slaughter performance, meat quality

关键词： Fermented sweet potato residue Meat quality Intestinal microbiota Broiler

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Prediction model on hydrolysis kinetics of phthalate monoester:A density functional theory study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 51-58页

作者： Tong Xu Jingwen Chen Deming Xia Weihao Tang Jiansheng Cui Chun Liu Shuangjiang Li College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050000China key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

As primary degradation products of phthalate esters,phthalate monoesters(MPEs)have been widely detected in various aquatic environments and drawn growing toxicological *** kinetics that is of importance for assessing environmental persistence of chemicals remain elusive for ***,kinetics of base-catalyzed and neutral hydrolysis for 18 MPEs with different leaving groups was investigated by density functional theory *** indicate that MPEs with leaving groups having p Kaofkey factors determining the hydrolysis *** work may lay a theoretical foundation for better understanding the chemical process that governs MPE persistence in aquatic environments.

关键词： Phthalate monoesters Phthalate esters Hydrolysis Density functional theory Quantitative structure-activity relationship

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Identification and immune analysis of antimicrobial peptides from the cigarette beetle(Lasioderma serricorne)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1121-1134页

作者： Yue Zhang Yi Yan Guy Smagghe Hong Yang Ren-huai Dai Wen-jia Yang Guizhou Provincial key laboratory for Agricultural pest Management of the Mountainous Region Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Guizhou Provincial key laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region College of Biology and Environmental EngineeringGuiyang UniversityGuiyangChina

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)in insects are endogenous peptides that are effector components of the innate defense system of the *** may serve as antimicrobial agents because of their small molecular weight and broad-spectrum antimicrobial *** this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of cigarette beetle(Lasioderma serricorne)larvae,parasitized by the ectoparasitic wasp,Anisopteromalus *** AMP genes were significantly upregulated following *** parasitism,postulating the hypothesis that the parasitization enhanced the host's resistance against pathogenic microorganisms through the regulation of host AMP ***,3 AMP genes(LsDef1,LsDef2,and LsCole)were significantly upregulated and we studied their immune function in *** challenge and functional analysis showed that LsCole was responsible for the immune response against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,while LsDef1 and LsDef2 were involved in insect defense against Gram-positive *** recombinant LsCole exhibited antimicrobial activities against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus ***2 showed an antibacterial effect against *** and LsDef2 exhibited antibiofilm activity against *** 2 AMPs disrupted cell membranes and caused leakage of *** cell *** results indicated that the 3 AMPs in *** are involved in the innate immunity of this pest *** AMPs may have potential as antimicrobial agents for bacterial infection ***,data are discussed in relation to new control strategies with greater biosafety against pest insects with use of microbial biocontrol agents in combination with RNA interference against the insect's defensive AMP genes.

关键词： antimicrobial activity antimicrobial peptides innate immune response Lasioderma serricorne RNA interference

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Four-channel catalytic micro-reactor based on alumina hollow fiber membrane for efficient catalytic oxidation of CO

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 140-147页

作者： Baichuan Xu Bin Wang Tao Li key laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211100China

The traditional automotive catalytic converter using commercial ceramic honeycomb carriers has many problems such as high back pressure,low engine efficiency,and high usage of precious *** study proposes a four-channel catalytic micro-reactor based on alumina hollow fiber membrane,which uses phase inversion method for structural molding and *** to the advantages of its carrier,it can achieve lower ignition temperature under low noble metal *** Pd/CeO_(2) at a loading rate of 2.3%(mass),the result showed that the reaction ignition temperature is even less than 160℃,which is more than 90℃ lower than the data of commercial ceramic substrates under similar catalyst loading and airspeed *** technology in turn significantly reduces the energy consumption of the *** stability tests were conducted under constant conditions for 1000 h,which proved that this catalytic converter has high catalytic efficiency and stability,providing prospects for the design of innovative catalytic converters in the future.

关键词： Catalytic converter Precious metal catalyst Phase inversion method Hollow fiber membrane CO oxidation

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A new scheme of PM_(2.5)and O_(3) control strategies with the integration of SOM,GA and WRF-CAMx

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 249-265页

作者： Wenjiao Duan Xiaoqi Wang Shuiyuan Cheng Ruipeng Wang key laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution control Faculty of Environment and LifeBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Previous air pollution control strategies didn’t pay enough attention to regional collaboration and the spatial response sensitivities,resulting in limited control effects in *** study proposed an effective PM_(2.5)and O_(3) control strategy scheme with the integration of Self-Organizing Map(SOM),Genetic Algorithm(GA)and WRF-CAMx,emphasizing regional collaborative control and the strengthening of control in sensitive *** scheme embodies the idea of hierarchical management and spatial-temporally differentiated management,with SOM identifying the collaborative subregions,GA providing the optimized subregion-level priority of precursor emission reductions,and WRF-CAMx providing response sensitivities for grid-level priority of precursor emission *** Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding area(BTHSA,“2+26”cities)as the case study area,the optimized strategy required that regions along Taihang Mountains strengthen the emission reductions of all precursors in PM_(2.5)-dominant seasons,and strengthen VOCs reductions but moderate NOx reductions in O_(3)-dominant *** spatiotemporally differentiated control strategy,without additional emission reduction burdens than the 14th Five-Year Plan proposed,reduced the average annual PM_(2.5)and MDA8 O_(3) concentrations in 28 cities by 3.2%-8.2% and 3.9%-9.7% respectively in comparison with non-differential control strategies,with the most prominent optimization effects occurring in the heavily polluted seasons(6.9%-18.0%for PM_(2.5)and 3.3%-14.2% for MDA8 O_(3),respectively).This study proposed an effective scheme for the collaborative control of PM_(2.5)and O_(3) in BTHSA,and shows important methodological implications for other regions suffering from similar air quality problems.

关键词： PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control SOM GA WRF-CAMx Bionic algorithm Machine learning

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Carbendazim residue in plant-based foods in China:Consecutive surveys from 2011 to 2020

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 109-118页

作者： Dou Wang Guiling Yang Xiao Yun Ting Luo Hao Guo Liying Pan Wei Du Yanhua Wang Qiang Wang Pu Wang Qinghua Zhang Yun Li Nan Lin State key laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of agro-products Laboratory(Hangzhou)for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Agro-product Safety and NutritionZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021ZhejiangChina College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Yunnan Provincial key laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution control Faculty of Environmental Science&EngineeringKunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming650500China Hubei key laboratory of Industrial Fume and Dust Pollution control School of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China State key laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China key laboratory of agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-ProductsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China

Carbendazim,a widely used fungicide in China,has been found to have reproductive toxicity and mutagenic ***,information on the spatial-temporal variations of carbendazim residues in food in China is ***,we investigated the presence of carbendazim in China's plant-based foods from 2011 to 2020,evaluated the spatial-temporal characteristics,and assessed the associated exposure risks in the Chinese *** results revealed a high detection frequency of carbendazim in fruits(26.4%)and high concentrations in vegetables(~110 mg kg^(-1)),indicating widespread misuse of the *** acute risks of consuming certain vegetables and cereals exceeded the recommended limits by up to 12 and 5 times,*** there has been a decline in carbendazim residue levels in food since the implementation of the Chinese government's action plan for zero growth of pesticide use in 2015,some provinces still exhibited high levels of carbendazim in multiple food categories,which were positively correlated with annual pesticide *** highlight that carbendazim contamination reflects the broader issue of pesticide use in *** emphasizes the need for committed and targeted national policies to reduce carbendazim residues in food and suggests that such measures could also regulate the use of other pesticides,given that pesticide abuse in China is not limited to specific *** call for the re-evaluation of maximum residue limits of carbendazim,particularly in highly consumed foods such as cereals.

关键词： Carbendazim Plant-based foods China Spatial-temporal variations Exposure and risk assessment

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High-Resolution Recognition of Orbital Angular Momentum Modes in Asymmetric Bessel Beams Assisted by Deep Learning

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第7期41卷 27-35页

作者：徐鹏飞童鑫曾子帅刘书悉赵道木 Zhejiang key laboratory of Micro-nano Quantum Chips and Quantum control School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Fractional orbital angular momentum(OAM) vortex beams present a promising way to increase the data throughput in optical communication systems. Nevertheless, high-precision recognition of fractional OAM with different propagation distances remains a significant challenge. We develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)method to realize high-resolution recognition of OAM modalities, leveraging asymmetric Bessel beams imbued with fractional OAM. Experimental results prove that our method achieves a recognition accuracy exceeding 94.3% for OAM modes, with an interval of 0.05, and maintains a high recognition accuracy above 92% across varying propagation distances. The findings of our research will be poised to significantly contribute to the deployment of fractional OAM beams within the domain of optical communications.

关键词： Bessel fractional Orbital

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