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Movement Trend Alterations in the Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)-Employed Ratbot Navigation Are Correlated with Stimulation Parameters

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 866-876页

作者： Sina Khajei Abed Khorasani Mohammad Reza Afarinesh Vahid Sheibani Neuroscience Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran

In previous studies,Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)stimulation was used to stop ratbots from *** to the homology between the PAG and the intercollicular nucleus,which has been used for forward movement in birds,we investigated the possibility of PAG application to induce forward locomotion for the first *** a corridor maze,the traveled distances via PAG electrical stimulation were examined in nine Wistar male rats during three sessions.A custom-designed stimulator was developed to apply the *** results showed reductions in responses to stimulation over ***,the traveled distances had negative slopes during the consecutive trials(in 8 out of the 9 rats),and the slope mean was significantly different from *** was a strong correlation between the stimulation parameters(electric Charge per Phase(CPP)and the Number of Pulses(NP))and the observed *** negative Movement Slopes(MS)were highly correlated with the CPP and the NP,as the Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were−0.87 and−0.79,*** MS-CPP coefficients of determination(R-squared)were also between 0.76 and *** addition,the MS-NP coefficients of determination were between 0.63 and ***,it is concluded that the electrical stimulation parameters influence the behavioral outcomes ***,the PAG area may be considered a suitable candidate for forward locomotion control in the future if the area is harnessed effectively to prevent undesirable chaotic behaviors.

关键词： Periaqueductal Gray(PAG) Navigation Ratbot Animal-robot Forward locomotion Movement slope

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The Exchange Attack and the Mixture Differential Attack Revisited: From the Perspective of Automatic Evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 19-29页

作者： Kexin QIAO Zhiyu ZHANG Zhongfeng NIU Liehuang ZHU School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Cryptology institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cryptography University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recent results show that the differential properties within quadruples boom as a new inspiration in cryptanalysis of Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)-like constructions. These methods include the exchange attack proposed in Asiacrypt’19, the mixture differential attack proposed in To SC’18, etc., where the essential properties are obtained by manually scrutinizing the structures of the AES-like constructions. This paper presents a novel framework and an automatic tool based on mixed integer linear programming to search for mixture differential distinguishers for general constructions. This framework considers what equality patterns among quadruples can make a distinguisher and traces how the patterns propagate through cipher components with accurate probability *** this tool, a 5-round AES distinguishing attack with lower complexity and more 6-round distinguishing attacks in the chosen plaintext scenarios are deduced. We prove that no exchange-type or mixture differential distinguisher exists for 7 and above rounds AES if the details of the Sbox and Mix Columns matrix are not taken into account.

关键词： Ciphers Estimation Encryption Mixed integer linear programming Complexity theory Standards

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Fixed-Time Antidisturbance Consensus Tracking for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Matching and Mismatching Disturbances

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1410-1423页

作者： Xiangmin Tan Chunyan Hu Guanzhen Cao Qinglai Wei Wei Li Bo Han institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China IEEE

In this paper,fixed-time consensus tracking for mul-tiagent systems(MASs)with dynamics in the form of strict feed-back affine nonlinearity is addressed.A fixed-time antidistur-bance consensus tracking protocol is proposed,which consists of a distributed fixed-time observer,a fixed-time disturbance observer,a nonsmooth antidisturbance backstepping controller,and the fixed-time stability analysis is conducted by using the Lyapunov theory *** paper includes three main ***,a distributed fixed-time observer is developed for each follower to obtain an estimate of the leader’s output by utilizing the topology of the communication ***,a fixed-time disturbance observer is given to estimate the lumped disturbances for feedforward ***,a nonsmooth antidisturbance backstepping tracking controller with feedforward compensation for lumped disturbances is *** order to mitigate the“explosion of complexity”in the tradi-tional backstepping approach,we have implemented a modified nonsmooth command filter to enhance the performance of the closed-loop *** simulation results show that the pro-posed method is effective.

关键词： Antidisturbance backstepping consensus tracking fixed-time stability multiagent system(MASs) strict feedback affine nonlinear systems.

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Skyway:Accelerate Graph Applications with a Dual-Path Architecture and Fine-Grained Data Management

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第4期39卷 871-894页

作者： Mo Zou Ming-Zhe Zhang Ru-Jia Wang Xian-He Sun Xiao-Chun Ye Dong-Rui Fan Zhi-Min Tang institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Department of Computer Science Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616U.S.A.

Graph processing is a vital component of many AI and big data ***,due to its poor locality and complex data access patterns,graph processing is also a known performance killer of AI and big data *** this work,we propose to enhance graph processing applications by leveraging fine-grained memory access patterns with a dual-path architecture on top of existing software-based graph *** first identify that memory accesses to the offset,edge,and state array have distinct locality and impact on *** then introduce the Skyway architecture,which consists of two primary components:1)a dedicated direct data path between the core and memory to transfer state array elements efficiently,and 2)a data-type aware fine-grained memory-side row buffer hardware for both the newly designed direct data path and the regular memory hierarchy data *** proposed Skyway architecture is able to improve the overall performance by reducing the memory access interference and improving data access efficiency with a minimal *** evaluate Skyway on a set of diverse algorithms using large real-world *** a simulated fourcore system,Skyway improves the performance by 23%on average over the best-performing graph-specialized hardware optimizations.

关键词： graph application computer architecture memory hierarchy

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Evolution Mechanism of Carbon Covalent Bond during Coal Activation Using Mixed Atmosphere of H_(2)O and CO_(2)

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1961-1973页

作者： WANG Mingyue ZHANG Siyuan HAN Shaobo ZHANG Chi REN Qiangqiang institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Adequate destruction of the aromatic structure in coal is key to further reducing the emission of *** this research,activation reactions of Shenmu coal powder were carried out in a vertical tube *** study investigated the evolution mechanism of carbon covalent bonds during the activation process by altering the ratio of H_(2)O to CO_(2)in the activation *** theoretical validation was conducted through density functional *** two gas molecules follow different pathways to increase the reactivity of ***_(2)mainly participates in the cross-linking reaction by intensifying branching,while H_(2)O and char have lower adsorption energy barriers and are more likely to generate oxygen-containing functional *** molecules partially compete for active sites in a mixed gas atmosphere,but there is a synergism between the two *** synergism can be attributed to two *** inclusion of H_(2)O mitigates the generation of five-membered rings to a limited extent,while concurrently enhances the development of oxygen-containing functional *** oxygen-containing functional groups can effectively diminish the adsorption energy barrier associated with the interaction between gas molecules and char,consequently leading to a reduction in the energy demand for subsequent bond cleavage.

关键词： activation reaction carbon structure char CO_(2)/H_(2)O atmosphere density functional theory

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Water and other volatiles on Mars

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 12-14页

作者： Sen Hu Yubing Gao Zhan Zhou Liang Gao Yangting Lin Key Laboratory of the Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mars, the intriguing red planet, is one of the planets most similar to the Earth in our solar system. It is widely accepted that Mars could have had a warm and wet climate in its early history supported by numerous lines of evidence, e.g. topography, canyons, outflow channels, presence of phyllosilicates and evaporative salts,sedimentary formation, and many others (e.g.[1]), and thus Mars is believed to once have a potentially habitable environment which could be able to supply fundamental conditions for the evolution of potential lives.

关键词： ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SUBSURFACE WATER ABUNDANCE TISSINT H2O CO2

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Recursive Projected Filter Algorithm with Binary-Valued Observations

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1832-1860页

作者： ZHANG Xiaoyan WANG Ying XUE Wenchao ZHAO Yanlong Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of math.matical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper focuses on the state estimate for a class of systems with both process noise and measurement noise under binary-valued observations, in which the Gaussian assumption on the predicted density of the state is not required. A recursive projected filter algorithm with time-varying thresholds is constructed to estimate the state under binary-valued observations. The time-varying thresholds are designed as the prediction value of the measurement, which can provide more information about the system state. The convergence property is established with some suitable stability,boundedness and observability conditions. In particular, the estimation error between state and estimate is proved to be asymptotically bounded in the mean-square sense, whose upper bound is related to the variance of process noise. Finally, the theoretical results are demonstrated via numerical examples of first-order and high-order systems.

关键词： Binary-valued observations convergence recursive filter time-varying thresholds

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Genome-Wide Association Study of Cooked Rice Textural Attributes and Starch Physicochemical Properties in indica Rice

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 300-316,I0018-I0041页

作者： DENG Bowen ZHANG Yanni ZHANG Fan WANG Wensheng XU Jianlong ZHANG Yu BAO Jinsong institute of Nuclear Agricultural sciences Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hainan institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572025China institute of Crop sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Rice cooking and eating qualities(CEQ)are mainly determined by cooked rice textural parameters and starch physicochemical ***,the genetic bases of grain texture and starch properties in rice have not been fully *** conducted a genome-wide association study for apparent amylose content(AAC),starch pasting viscosities,and cooked rice textural parameters using 279 indica rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genome *** identified 26 QTLs in the whole population and detected single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the lowest P-value at the Waxy(Wx)locus for all traits except pasting temperature and ***,we detected significant SNPs at the SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6(SSG6)locus for AAC,setback(SB),hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness(CHEW),gumminess(GUM),and *** subsequently divided the population using a SNP adjacent to the Waxy locus,and identified 23 QTLs and 12 QTLs in two sub-panels,WxT and WxA,*** these sub-panels,SSG6 was also identified to be associated with pasting parameters,including peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,cold paste viscosity,and consistency ***,a candidate gene encoding monosaccharide transporter 5(OsMST5)was identified to be associated with AAC,breakdown,SB,CHEW,and *** total,39 QTLs were co-localized with known genes or previously reported *** identified genes and QTLs provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to improve rice CEQ.

关键词： cooking and eating quality genome-wide association study rice Waxy gene

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Observation of parabolic electron bands on superconductor LaRu2As2

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 70-75页

作者：周兴泰李更潘禄禄陈子超李萌时延昊杨海涛高鸿钧 Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei National Laboratory

Ru-based superconductor LaRu2As2has been discovered exhibiting the highest critical temperature of ～ 7.8 K among iron-free transition metal pnictides with the ThCr2Si2-type crystal structure. However, microscopic research on this novel superconducting material is still lacking. Here, we utilize scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to uncover the superconductivity and surface structure of LaRu2As2. Two distinct terminating surfaces are identified on the cleaved crystals, namely, the As surface and the La surface. Atomic missing line defects are observed on the La surface. Both surfaces exhibit a superconducting gap of ～ 1.0 me V. By employing quasiparticle interference techniques, we observe standing wave patterns near the line defects on the La atomic plane. These patterns are attributed to quasiparticle scattering from two electron type parabolic bands.

关键词： superconductivity line defect quasi-particle scattering electron band

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Screening current in ultra-high-field non-insulated superconducting magnets

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2255-2273页

作者： ZHOU BenZhe WANG Lei CHEN Yong WANG QiuLiang WANG KangShuai ZHANG ZiLi LIU JianHua University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Screening current is recognized as one of the critical elements limiting the progression of superconducting magnets toward achieving higher magnetic fields. Currently, most non-insulated(NI) superconducting magnets consider the magnet as insulated when addressing the issue of screening current. However, the bypass current in the NI magnet can modify the actual history of magnetization, so the screening current in NI magnet will be different from that in the insulated magnet. This paper presents a novel method based on the homogenized T-A formulation(T is the current vector potential, and A is the magnetic vector potential), which enables real-time simulation of both the bypass current behavior and the implications of screening current in NI superconducting magnets, even when these magnets contain tens of thousands of turns. We have developed a 32 T NI hybrid superconducting magnet and validated the effectiveness of this method through experiments. Employing this efficacious method,we conducted a comprehensive calculation of screening current in NI magnets, comparing them with insulated magnets in terms of screening current-induced stress(SCIS), screening current-induced field(SCIF), and losses. The results indicate that in the NI insert coils, the sequential excitation of background coils and insert coils induces a reverse screening current, resulting in slightly lower SCIF and SCIS compared to those in the insulated magnets. The method and results can contribute to the enhancement of magnet design and provide valuable insights for the development of ultra-high fields(UHF) NI magnets.

关键词： ultra-high-field superconducting magnet screening current REBCO coil NI coil stress loss

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