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Optimizing the utilization of maize silage in forage blends-based rations to improve production performance and reduce methane emissions from fattening calves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 75-81页

作者： Khalid Farooq Asad Sultan Assar Ali Shah Rifat Ullah Khan Rajwali Khan Ghazala Yasmeen Nazir Ahmad Khan Faculty of animal husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center(PASTIC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This research investigated the effect of various mixtures of maize silage and ryegrass fodder on nutrient digestibility,production performance,and methane(CH4)emission of fattening ***-four fattening calves((228±10)kg body weight(BW),(280±5)d of age)were allocated to 8 diets for 84 d,according to a randomized complete block design,and the blocks were balanced for BW,age,and *** diets consisted of 4 levels of maize silages,i.e.,40%(MS40),50%(MS50),60%(MS60),and 70%(MS70)in the maize silage and ryegrass fodder mixture on a dry matter(DM)basis,and each of the mixture was supplemented with either low(LC,1.0%BW)or high(HC,1.5%BW)levels of fattening *** results revealed greater(panimal production performance and reduces CH4 production and concentrate requirements of fattening calves.

关键词： average daily gain farm-grown forages forage mixture fattening calves maize silage ryegrass fodder

Dynamic changes of rumen microbiota and serum metabolome revealed increases in meat quality and growth performances of sheep fed bio‑fermented rice straw

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1207-1226页

作者： Yin Yin Kyawt Min Aung Yao Xu Zhanying Sun Yaqi Zhou Weiyun Zhu Varijakshapanicker Padmakumar Zhankun Tan Yanfen Cheng Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology National Center for International Research on Animal Gut NutritionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China department of animal Nutrition University of Veterinary ScienceNay Pyi Taw 15013Myanmar International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi 00100Kenya College of animal Science Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‑Ecosystems Center for Grassland MicrobiomeCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Background Providing high-quality roughage is crucial for improvement of ruminant production because it is an essential component of their *** previous study showed that feeding bio-fermented rice straw(BF)improved the feed intake and weight gain of ***,it remains unclear why feeding BF to sheep increased their feed intake and weight ***,the purposes of this research were to investigate how the rumen micro-biota and serum metabolome are dynamically changing after feeding BF,as well as how their changes influence the feed intake,digestibility,nutrient transport,meat quality and growth performances of *** growing Hu sheep were allocated into 3 groups:alfalfa hay fed group(AH:positive control),rice straw fed group(RS:negative control)and BF fed group(BF:treatment).Samples of rumen content,blood,rumen epithelium,muscle,feed offered and refusals were collected for the subsequent *** Feeding BF changed the microbial community and rumen fermentation,particularly increasing(P<0.05)relative abundance of Prevotella and propionate production,and decreasing(P<0.05)enteric methane *** histomorphology(height,width,area and thickness)of rumen papillae and gene expression for carbohydrate trans-port(MCT1),tight junction(claudin-1,claudin-4),and cell proliferation(CDK4,Cyclin A2,Cyclin E1)were improved(P<0.05)in sheep fed ***,serum metabolome was also dynamically changed,which led to up-regulating(P<0.05)the primary bile acid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid in sheep fed *** a result,the higher(P<0.05)feed intake,digestibility,growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality and mono-unsaturated fatty acid concentration in muscle,and the lower(P<0.05)feed cost per kg of live weight were achieved by feeding *** Feeding BF improved the growth performances and meat quality of sheep and reduced their feed ***,bio-fermentation of rice straw could be an innovative way for improving rum

关键词： Bio-fermentation Growth rate Meat quality Metabolome Microbiota Rice straw

Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.Reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás Renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár Rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó department of animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of animal husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TETRA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(NoIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jejunum was extracted for *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(P<0.05)compared to the *** DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLN)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(P<0.05).The HPC genotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(P<0.05).In conclusion,these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development,and function,with genotypes responding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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Mulberry leaf supplementation inhibits skatole deposition by regulating gut microbiota and upregulating liver cytochrome P4501A1 expression in finishing pigs

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 34-44页

作者： Yuqing Sun Xiaoming Men Tianbao Lin Bo Deng Shi Zhong Jinxi Huo Kaipeng Qin Zhiqiang Lv Ziwei Xu Yougui Li Institute of Sericulture and Tea Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences298 Deshengzhong RoadShangchengHangzhou 310021China Institute of animal husbandry and Veterinary Science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences298 Deshengzhong RoadShangchengHangzhou 310021China

Skatole,a strong fecal odor substance,is generated through microbial degradation of tryptophan in the animal *** easily accumulates in adipose tissue and affects meat *** this study,the effect of mulberry leaf supplementation on skatole in finishing pigs was *** a 35-day trial,20 finishing pigs(barrows and gilts)were fed with a basal diet or basal diet with 6%mulberry *** performance of the pigs(n=10)was automatically recorded by a performance-testing feeder system and 8 pigs in each treatment were slaughtered and sampled for the remaining *** and short-chain fatty acids were detected using HPLC and gas chromatography,*** microbiota were analyzed using 16S r RNA gene *** metabolomics analysis of feces and serum was performed with UHPLC-MS/*** major cytochrome P450(CYP)enzymes that catalyze skatole degradation in the liver were tested by using RT-PCR and Western *** of major bioactive compounds in mulberry leaves on the CYP genes were verified in the hepatic cell line Hep G2 in an in vitro test(n=3).In finishing pigs,mulberry leaf supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio(P>0.05),but reduced skatole levels in feces,serum,and backfat(P<0.05),and increased acetic acid levels in feces(P=0.027).Mulberry leaf supplementation decreased the relative abundance of the skatole-producing bacteria Megasphaera and Olsenella(P<0.05).Indole-3acetic acid,the intermediate that is essential for skatole production,was significantly reduced in feces by mulberry leaf supplementation(P<0.05)and was positively correlated with skatole content in feces(P=0.004).In pigs treated with mulberry leaves,liver CYP1A1 expression was increased(P<0.05)and was negatively correlated with skatole content in backfat(P=0.045).The in vitro test demonstrated that mulberry leaf polyphenols and polysaccharides could directly stimulate CYP1A1 expression in

关键词： Pig Skatole Mulberry leaf Microbiota Cytochrome P450

Effects of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract on the growth performance,blood characteristics,and histological features of gills and livers in Nile tilapia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 85-92页

作者： Mahamoud A.Emam Ramy M.Shourbela Waleed N.El-Hawarry Seham Y.Abo-Kora Fatma Abdel-Monem Gad Ashraf M.Abd El-latif Mahmoud A.O.Dawood Histology department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenha13511Egypt department of animal husbandry and animal Wealth Development Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandria22758Egypt Pharmacology department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenha13511Egypt Clinical Pathology department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenha13511Egypt department of Aquatic animal Diseases and Management Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenha13511Egypt animal Production department Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33511Egypt The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability The American University in CairoCairo11835Egypt

Moringa oleifera is well known as a highly nutritious plant and a water purifier in fish *** fish has many impressive qualities making them very suitable for ***,this study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract(MOAE)at varying concentrations(0,100,200,and 400 mg/kg diet for 90 days)on growth performance,hematological,and some biochemical parameters of Nile ***,histological changes and immunohistochemical expression of caspase 3 in gills and livers were *** enhancements(P<0.05)in the final weight,weight gain,specific growth rate,red blood cells,hemoglobin,packed cell volume,white blood cells,and total serum protein were observed in fish fed 200 mg MOAE/kg diet compared with other ***,a significant reduction(P<0.05)of liver and kidney function tests and non-significant changes in lipid profile were *** the other hand,fish fed 400 mg MOAE/kg diet revealed disturbance in the corresponding *** histological degenerative changes were detected in the gills and liver of fish fed 400 mg MOAE/kg *** comparison,fish fed 200 mg MOAE/kg diet showed the best histo-architectures of these organs compared with other *** immune expressions of caspase 3 were determined where gills and liver of fish fed 400 mg MOAE/kg diet revealed extensive number of positive caspase 3 cells indicating severe apoptotic ***,a dietary MOAE at 200 mg/kg diet is recommended to improve the growth performance,hematological parameters,liver and kidney functions in Nile ***,caution must be considered when using MOAE at a concentration over 200 mg/kg diet.

关键词： Growth performance Liver Gills Moringa oleifera Nile tilapia

Rice stem lodging properties and bending modeling under the influence of circadian temperature difference

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 21-32页

作者： Bangzhui Wang Zhong Tang Liyun Lao Guoqiang Wang Tiantian Jing Yao Yu School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina School of Water Energy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityMK430ALUK department of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu Agriculture&Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Vocational CollegeTaizhou 225300JiangsuChina

Under diurnal temperature stress,the vascular bundle content of mature rice stems will change which will cause a change in the modulus of ***,the rice stems will collapse with the reduction in bending resistance because of the change in the modulus of *** order to reveal the distribution of vascular bundle gradients in rice stems under different climatic temperatures and explore the locations where stems are prone to bending and the form of stem damage,this study established a model of stem stiffness under free loading based on observing microstructure of the *** lodging characteristics of rice stems was explored seldom in different environmental temperatures from a micro structure of rice ***,the statistical analysis and t-tests were carried out on stems 1 to 4 in combination for cantilever bending tests at room temperature on stem internodes 3,versus three-point bending tests at-10℃ to 65℃ temperature *** showed that the bending resistance of the stem can be well predicted by using the vascular bundle distribution regression model and the variable stiffness mechanical *** bending resistance of No.3 stem was established by using the results obtained from the three-point bending test in a temperature range between 10℃-65℃.The correction coefficient TF of stem bending resistance under temperature difference induced stress was established based on the Gauss regression *** analysis showed that the bending resistance of No.3 stem was relatively large in a temperature range of 16℃-34℃.This study elucidated the variations of the mechanical properties of rice stems under temperature difference induced stress and provided a theoretical foundation for understanding the lodging characteristics of rice during mechanized harvesting.

关键词： rice stem vascular gradient stiffness model stem bending temperature stress

Emerging tropane alkaloids:Global development and potential health threats

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 12-26页

作者： Zile Wang Shiqi Chen Pimiao Zheng Zhenhui Ren Huixia Zhang Jing Zhang Bing Shao Congming Wu Haiyang Jiang department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food SafetyBeijing Laboratory for Food Quality and SafetyNational Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and SafetyCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina. College of Veterinary Medicine Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaianChina. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural animal Breeding and Healthy husbandry College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijingChina.

Tropane alkaloids(TAs)are a kind of plant secondary metabolite that mainly originate from *** have potent anticholinergic activity,and are well-known anticholinergic drugs,but have also been reported as plant *** studies have been conducted on TAs,but no scientometric research has been *** study aimed to expound the knowledge network and development of the feld of TAs and predict the emerging development topics based on *** particular,this research combined VOSviewer and CiteSpace for visualization and covered 1,298 related scientifc publications(1953–2022).The research on TAs is rapidly developing,with the participation of 86 countries,1,129 research institutions,and 4,087 ***,the University of Geneva,and *** are the most productive country,institution,and researcher,***,the main research topics on TAs include biosynthesis,in vitro synthesis,chemical synthesis,and determination *** 2018,the monitoring of TAs in food related to human health has shown citation burst characteristics,which is considered an emerging development trend in the *** fndings of this study will enable researchers to quickly tap into the knowledge background/structure of TAs from massive data to provide a reference for further research.

关键词： Tropane alkaloids bibliometrics biosynthesis in vitro synthesis chemical synthesis determination contamination food safety

Prevalence of Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Lactating Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) on Dairy Farms in Benadir Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 111-123页

作者： Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mahad Mohamud Abdi Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud Yonis Abukar Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Abdirahman Barre Chandra Shaker Chouhan Md. Amimul Ehsan Faculty of Veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and animal husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Somali animal Welfare Society (SAWS) Mogadishu Somalia Camel Research Center Mogadishu Somalia department of Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

The study took a comprehensive approach to understanding mastitis in lactating camels, a disease that significantly impacts milk quantity and quality. This complex and multifactorial disease poses a significant challenge to dairy camel farming, particularly in Somalia. The studys objective was to determine the prevalence of mastitis and the risk factors associated with it among lactating camels on dairy farms in Benadir, Somalia. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2022 in the Benadir region of Somalia. A total of 96 lactating camels underwent examination using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) to identify clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 20 farm employees/owners to gather information on hygiene practices, parity, lactation stage, tick infestation, and the presence of udder/teat lesions. Data regarding parity and lactation stage were obtained through owner interviews. The data collected on specifically designed forms were recorded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS version 20 statistical software, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable analysis of the data. The studys findings revealed a significant prevalence of camel mastitis, with 34.4% (33/96) of lactating camels affected and clinical and subclinical cases constituting 5.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Quarter-level prevalence was 46.3%, with clinical and subclinical mastitis at 4.7% and 41.6%, respectively. The study also identified significant associations (P < 0.05) among risk factors such as stage of lactation, parity, and age, indicating a higher susceptibility to mastitis in older camels during early lactation compared to those in late lactation and younger camels. These findings underscore the crucial role of inadequate hygienic conditions on camel farms and udder tick infestations in driving the elevated prevalence of mastitis, highlighting the need for improved manage

关键词： Mastitis Camel Prevalence Risk Factors Somalia

Prevelance of Bovine Cysticercosis in Egypt and the Cysticidal Effect of Two Extracts Obtained from Balanites aegyptiaca and Moringa oleifera on Mice Model Affected with T. saginata Cysticerci

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Open Journal of animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 39-55页

作者： Omnia M. Kandil Noha M. F. Hassan Doaa Sedky Hatem A. Shalaby Heba M. Ashry Nadia M. T. Abu El Ezz Sahar M. Kandeel Mohamed S. Abdelfattah L. Ying Ebtesam M. Al-Olayan Parasitology and animal Diseases department Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemistry of Natural Compounds department Pharmaceutical and Drugs Industries Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chemistry department Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University Xining China College of Agriculture and animal husbandry Qinghai University Xining China department of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and Moringa oleifera seeds (M. oleifera) extracts in experimentally infected mice. The study detected the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) to monitor the immune and inflammatory responses of experimentally infected mice. Through meat inspection, a total number of 2125 male bovine, 2 to 5 years old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buffloes) were examined under the authority of Albsatine and Alwaraq official abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended from March 2022 to April 2023. The overall prevalence of the disease among bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattle and 9.5% of buffloes). Besides, B. aegyptiaca and M. oleifera extracts showed cysticidal activity in experimentally infected mice. A decrease in the numbers of cysticerci was found in all treated mice groups, and up to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was recorded in both M. oleifera (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones (80.56%). Postmortem findings proved that M. oleifera and B. aegyptiaca reduced cysticerci numbers comparable to a commercial anthelmintic. The study showed a significant decrease (P 0.001) in TNF-α levels after treatment with Balanites and Moringa extracts, compared with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated groups.

关键词： Prevalence Balanites aegyptiaca Moringa oleifera Mice T. saginata Cysticerci