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Exhaust hood performance and its improvement technologies in industrial buildings:A literatu rereview

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 23-40页

作者： Jing Zhang Jian Wang Jun Gao Weimin Zhang Architectural engineering Institute Jinhua PolytechnicJinhua 321017China Institute of HVAC engineering Schoolof Mechanical EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Tongji Architectural Design(group)Co .LtdShanghai 200092China

The pollutant control performance of exhaust hoods plays a crucial role in the indoor air quality and energy consumption of ventilation systems in industrial buildings.To better understand the impact of local ventilation on the industrial indoor environment,this paper presents a literature review of exhaust hood performance and its improvement technologies.To create an index for evaluating the performance of exhaust hoods,the capture velocity,capture efficiency,flow ratio of pollutant emissions and exhaust airflow and energy consumption are first introduced.A number of factors affecting exhaust hood performance are assessed such as hood type,hood opening size,exhaust rate,installation distance,pollution source emission and environmental disturbance.Compared to structural improvement methods,the use of active airflow is a more effective way to improve the exhaust hood performance.The most commonly used methods for determining the exhaust rate are the controlled speed method and the flow ratio method.The use of an exhaust hood with an appropriate exhaust rate and jet parameters(for an active air-assisted hood)can effectively improve the pollutant control performance and reduce the energy consumption that would be wasted on the redundant exhaust rate.With more information focused on exhaust hood performance,this work suggests more effective strategies for improving indoor air quality and reducing energy consumption in industrial buildings.

关键词： industrial ventilation exhaust hood capture efficiency exhaust rate performance improvement

Experimental study on the dynamic response of a 3-D wedge under asymmetric impact

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 263-274页

作者： Saeed Hosseinzadeh Kristjan Tabri Maritime engineering Research group School of EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Department of Civil engineering and Architecture Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinnEstonia Marine Technology Competence Center Tallinn University of TechnologyKuressaareEstonia

Water entry problems represent complex multiphase flows involving air,water,and structure interaction,occurring rapidly in rough seas,and potentially effecting structural integrity of floating structures.This paper experimentally investigates asymmetric slamming loads acting on a 3-D elastic wedge section.The specimen,featuring two different bottom plates(stiffened and unstiffened),each 4 mm thick,aims to assess the effect of structural stiffness on dynamic loads.The experiments are conducted at different drop heights of 25 cm and 50 cm and varying heel angles from 5°to 25°.The paper describes the experimental conditions,including wedge geometry,material properties,and the test plan.The study explores the influence of heel angle on impact acceleration,revealing an increase in peak acceleration with a higher inclination angle,particularly in the vertical direction.Additionally,the hydrodynamic pressure resulting from asymmetric slamming is presented.The pressure results analyzed and compared at different locations along the length of the wedge.The experimental findings indicate that,despite the leeward side(stiffened)experiencing a smaller hydrodynamic load,the heel angle significantly affects pressure results on the windward side(unstiffened),leading to a more pronounced dynamic response.The time history of pressure results emphasizes the effect of elastic vibrations,particularly noticeable on the unstiffened bottom plate.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of asymmetric slamming on aluminum structures,facilitating the enhancement of mathematical models and the validation of numerical simulations.

关键词： Flexible fluid structure interactions(FFSI) experimental study asymmetric impact hydrodynamic pressure slamming loads

Effect of Co on Solidification Characteristics and Microstructural Transformation of Non-equilibrium Solidified Cu-Ni Alloys

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 444-453页

作者：安红恩 Bih-Lii Chua Ismail Saad Willey Yun Hsien Liew Materials engineering Research group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia College of Mechanical and Electronic engineering Huanghe Jiaotong UniversityJiaozuo 454950China Henan engineering Technology Research Center on Intelligent Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Jiaozuo 454950China Centre of Research in Energy and Advanced Materials Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Nano engineering and Materials Research group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia

Non-equilibrium solidification structures of Cu55Ni45 and Cu55Ni43Co2 alloys were prepared by the molten glass purification cycle superheating method.The variation of the recalescence phenomenon with the degree of undercooling in the rapid solidification process was investigated using an infrared thermometer.The addition of the Co element affected the evolution of the recalescence phenomenon in Cu-Ni alloys.The images of the solid-liquid interface migration during the rapid solidification of supercooled melts were captured by using a high-speed camera.The solidification rate of Cu-Ni alloys,with the addition of Co elements,was explored.Finally,the grain refinement structure with low supercooling was characterised using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD).The effect of Co on the microstructural evolution during nonequilibrium solidification of Cu-Ni alloys under conditions of small supercooling is investigated by comparing the microstructures of Cu55Ni45 and Cu55Ni43Co2 alloys.The experimental results show that the addition of a small amount of Co weakens the recalescence behaviour of the Cu55Ni45 alloy and significantly reduces the thermal strain in the rapid solidification phase.In the rapid solidification phase,the thermal strain is greatly reduced,and there is a significant increase in the characteristic undercooling degree.Furthermore,the addition of Co and the reduction of Cu not only result in a lower solidification rate of the alloy,but also contribute to the homogenisation of the grain size.

关键词： non-equilibrium solidification recalescence effect solidification character microstructure

Myelin histology:a key tool in nervous system research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 277-281页

作者： Óscar Darío García-García Víctor Carriel Jesús Chato-Astrain Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of Granada&Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental conditions.Today,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research.In this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods.Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.

关键词： fluorescence microscopy histology light microscopy lipid histochemistry metallographic techniques myelin histochemistry myelin immunohistochemistry myelin structure&composition myelin ultrastructural evaluation tissue fixation&processing

Sequential alkaline-organic acid leaching process to enhance the recovery of rare earth elements from Indonesian coal fly ash

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1366-1374页

作者： Widya Rosita Indra Perdana I Made Bendiyasa Ferian Anggara Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Agus Prasetya Isyatun Rodliyah Department of Nuclear engineering and engineering Physics Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah Mada Department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah Mada Department of Geological engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah Mada Unconventional Geo-resources Research group Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah Mada Center for Testing of Mineral and Coal Tekmira-Directorate General of Mineral and Coal-Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

In this decade,coal fly ash(CFA) is considered a potential secondary source of rare earth elements(REEs).However,most REEs in coal fly ash are encapsulated in aluminosilicate glass,making it challenging to recover them through acid leaching.In this study,a sequential alkaline-organic acid leaching was developed for the recovery of REEs from CFA.The effect of alkaline leaching using NaOH solution on the destructive ability of aluminosilicate glass,as well as the mineralogy and morphology changes of the resulting coal fly ash,was first studied.Furthermore,the effectiveness of alkaline leaching on the recovery ability of REEs through organic acid leaching was evaluated.The results show that the maximum leaching efficiency for Si and Al,which was obtained at the optimum alkaline leaching conditions,namely NaOH concentration of 10 mol/L,reaction temperature of 65℃,liquid/solid(L/S) ratio of 10 mL/g,and reaction time of 90 min,is 28% and 32%,respectively.The digestion reaction with NaOH lixiviants also causes coal fly ash to become more porous,making it advantageous in the organic acid-leaching process at the REEs recovery stage.The utilization of the desilicated residue produced from the digestion process in acid leaching effectively increases the overall REEs recovery from 32.2% to 77.6%.

关键词： Alkaline Coal fly ash Organic acid Rare earth elements

Corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron in water:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 391-406页

作者： Chenliu Tang Xingyu Wang Yufei Zhang Nuo Liu Xiang Hu Research group of Water Pollution Control and Water Reclamation College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

Knowledge on corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)in aquatic environment is particularly significant for understanding the reactivity,longevity and stability of nZVI,as well as providing theoretical guidance for developing a cost-effective nZVI-based technology and designing large-scale applications.Herein,this review gives a holistic overview on the corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nZVI in water.Firstly,Eh-pH diagram is introduced to predict the thermodynamics trend of iron corrosion.The morphological,structural,and compositional evolution of(modified-)nZVI under different environmental conditions,assisted with microscopic and spectroscopic evidence,is then summarized.Afterwards,common analytical methods and characterization technologies are categorized to establish time-resolved corrosion kinetics of nZVI in water.Specifically,stable models for calculating the corrosion rate constant of nZVI as well as electrochemical methods for monitoring the redox reaction are discussed,emphasizing their capabilities in studying the dynamic iron corrosion processes.Finally,in the future,more efforts are encouraged to study the corrosion behaviors of nZVI in long-term practical application and further build nanoparticles with precisely tailored properties.We expect that our work can deepen the understanding of the nZVI chemistry in aquatic environment.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) Corrosion behaviors Corrosion kinetics nZVI evolution

Exploring the potential of olivine-containing copper-nickel slag for carbon dioxide mineralization in cementitious materials

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 562-573页

作者： Qianqian Wang Zequn Yao Lijie Guo Xiaodong Shen College of Materials Science and engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical engineering Nanjing 211816China BGRIMM Technology group Beijing 100160China

Water-quenched copper-nickel metallurgical slag enriched with olivine minerals exhibits promising potential for the production of CO_(2)-mineralized cementitious materials.In this work,copper-nickel slag-based cementitious material(CNCM)was synthesized by using different chemical activation methods to enhance its hydration reactivity and CO_(2) mineralization capacity.Different water curing ages and carbonation conditions were explored related to their carbonation and mechanical properties development.Meanwhile,thermogravimetry differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction methods were applied to evaluate the CO_(2) adsorption amount and carbonation products of CNCM.Microstructure development of carbonated CNCM blocks was examined by backscattered electron imaging(BSE)with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry.Results showed that among the studied samples,the CNCM sample that was subjected to water curing for 3 d exhibited the highest CO_(2) sequestration amount of 8.51wt%at 80℃and 72 h while presenting the compressive strength of 39.07 MPa.This result indicated that 1 t of this CNCM can sequester 85.1 kg of CO_(2) and exhibit high compressive strength.Although the addition of citric acid did not improve strength development,it was beneficial to increase the CO_(2) diffusion and adsorption amount under the same carbonation conditions from BSE results.This work provides guidance for synthesizing CO_(2)-mineralized cementitious materials using large amounts of metallurgical slags containing olivine minerals.

关键词： copper-nickel slag fayalite CO_(2)sequestration cementitious material admixtures carbonation conditions

Mechanism of a dual-phase Ti-Nb alloy exhibiting near-linear elastic deformation

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2282-2289页

作者： Yan Guo Wang Ding Wen Ma Shun Guo Hao-Dong Meng Nian-Yao Xu School of Automotive engineering Changzhou Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and engineering Jiangsu University Youke Publishing Co. Ltd China Grinm Group Co. Ltd

In this work, the underlying mechanism responsible for the near-linear elastic deformation behavior of a dual-phase Ti-Nb alloy consisting of β and a''phase with large recoverable strain was systematically elucidated.Based on in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction(SXRD)analyses, it was found that besides intrinsic elastic deformation, a slight reversible β ? a''stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation, which proceeded in a consecutive mode under the retarding effect of micro-defects, took place during the near-linear elastic deformation.After unloading, a small amount of residual macroscopic strain remained in the specimen due to the incomplete reverse a''→ β transformation on unloading. The high near-linear elastic deformability of the cold drawing(CD)Ti-Nb alloy has been revealed to be attributed to the coupling actions of intrinsic elasticity as well as the consecutive and reversible β ? a''SIM transformation. Our research may contribute to a new avenue for the design and development of novel dual-phase Ti-based alloys with desirable elastic deformability.

关键词： Titanium alloys Dual-phase Near-linear elastic deformation Martensitic transformation

Investigation of stress distribution and damage behavior caused by forced installation of a composite bolted joint with a hole-location error

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 201-217页

作者： Chinan LIU Yuan LI Yi CHENG An’an ZHAO Kunpeng DU Yue SHI Ximing LI Hui CHENG School of Mechanical engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry group Company LTD Xi’an 710089China

In this paper,the influence of forced installation caused by a hole-location error on the 3D stress distribution and damage of a composite bolted joint is investigated.An analytical model of stress distributed on composite holes is promoted,in view of non-uniform extrusion caused by forced installation.At first,non-uniform extrusion of the hole edge caused by forced installation is analyzed.According to the contact state,expression of hole deformation is given.Then,based on Hertz theory,the maximum extrusion load is obtained with help of deformation expression.By constructing an elastic foundation beam model,3D stress distributed on a hole could be analyzed according to the extrusion load.Then,stress distribution predicted by the above analytical method is compared with that provided by FE considering composite damage.Finally,a forced installation experiment is carried out to analyze the damage distribution of the joint.Results show that a central-symmetrically distributed stress is introduced by the hole-location error.With an increment of the error,strength of composite decreases due to extrusion damage.Therefore,stress presents a concave distribution on the hole.As the hole-location error exceeding 3%,stress decreases gradually due to failure of composite.Damage of holes does not exhibit a centrosymmetric distribution.Serious damage is mainly distributed on the entrance of the hole at the lower sheet.

关键词： Hole-location error Composite joint Forced installation Stress distribution Damage