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Aspects of surface and environment protection in German mining areas

Mining Science and Technology 2009年第5期19卷 615-619页

作者： FRANK Otto technische fachhochschule georg agricola zu bochum University of Applied Sciences

Hard coal mining in the German Ruhr district has a tradition of more than 200 years. Starting in the south near the river Ruhr with mining of seams near to the surface, mining wandered to the north with coal seams deeper and deeper. In the same way all environmental effects of mining wandered from south to north, as there are abandoned mining sites, contaminated areas, burning mining dumps, subsided areas and gas accesses at day ground. This all happened in a very high populated area with more than four million inhabitants. Therefore Germany has a long tradition in solving environmental problems of mining activities. The very good interaction of mine authority, mining companies and the mine workers’ union is the main reason why the problems of decreasing mining activities in Germany were solved without economic, environmental or social hazards.

关键词： abandoned mining sites contaminated areas subsidence burning mining dumps gas accesses at day ground

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The Need to Create and Apply High-Precision Operational Remote Environmental Monitoring in the Face of Modern Challenges

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第11期14卷 868-878页

作者： Volodymyr Vashchenko Iryna Korduba Nancy Mahmoud al Saeed Hafez Iryna Vashchenko Serhii Tsybytovskyi Nataliia Lubenska The Physical and Scientific Center for Fundamental Research on Energy and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Odesa Polytechnic and the Ministry of Ecology of Ukraine Odesa Ukraine The Department of Environmental Protection Technologies and Labor Protection Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine The Department of Ecology National Aviation University Kyiv Ukraine georg agricola Higher Technical School (technische Schule georg agricola) Bochum Germany

The paper formulates new principles that should form the basis for the development and creation of new environmental monitoring based on heavy UAVs and high-altitude so-called pseudo-satellites capable of operating for a long time at altitudes of 25 - 30 km. In order to develop such principles, this paper analyzes the radioecological situation in the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine for rapid and high-quality environmental cleanup and rehabilitation of areas with detected critical levels of environmentally hazardous pollutants. In order to quickly obtain fundamentally new environmental information, it is necessary to conduct multi-parameter, high-precision integrated monitoring of the Earth’s geospheres based on the latest methods and equipment for ground and remote environmental measurements, and new methods and technological means of clean, environmentally safe processing and final disposal. As the most appropriate technology, we propose mobile installations for plasma-chemical pyrolysis of medical waste directly at the place of its generation.

关键词： Operational Environmental Remote Monitoring Medical and Hazardous Waste Plasma-Chemical Pyrolysis

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