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Differential modulation of crown allometry and stem growth at gap edges in five European tree species by drought conditions

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 618-631页

作者： Luke Bohnhorst Peter Biber Torben Hilmers Enno Uhl Hans Pretzsch Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Bavarian State Institute of Forestry Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 185354FreisingGermany

Background In Central Europe,forests are increasingly affected by various disturbances,resulting in an increasing gap formation in the *** order to support goal-oriented management,more knowledge is required about the acclimation of the crown and its effects on the basal area growth of trees at the edge of a *** This work compared trees'growth and crown structure at the edge of a transient gap,with a gap size of more than 80m^(2),with trees in the stand that were at least 30m away from the gap.A total of 249 European beeches(Fagus sylvatica L.),Norway spruces(Picea abies ***),Scots pines(Pinus sylvestris L.),oaks(Quercus spp.;Quercus petraea(Matt.)Liebl.,Quercus robur L.),and silver firs(Abies alba Mill.)were examined on long-term experimental plots in southern *** crown measures were developed and calculated using high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning(TLiDAR)to capture the three-dimensional crown *** responses to edge conditions were measured based on tree *** linear mixed models,we predict the basal area increment of edge trees relative to trees in the stand under wet and dry soil moisture conditions after the gap *** We identified i)species-specific acclimation of the crown of edge trees after the gap formation,ii)under wet soil moisture conditions a growth increase of 25%–45%for beech,pine,and oak edge trees and growth losses of 5%–60%for spruce and fir and iii)coniferous tree species benefited from the edge position regarding their basal area increment under dry soil moisture conditions and deciduous tree species grew regardless of the soil moisture conditions at the edge of a *** Gaps have a species-specific effect on the habitus and growth of edge trees and can have both positive and negative impacts on silviculture.

关键词： Canopy gaps Disturbance Growth TLiDAR Drought stress Crown structure Acclimation

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Testing and Approval Procedures for New Slab Track Systems in Europe

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Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(English Edition) 2010年第2期18卷 129-133页

作者：刘佳 Bernhard Lechner Institute of Road Railway and Airfield ConstructionMunich University of Technology(TUM)Baumbachstr.

This paper describes the required testing and approval procedures of new track systems operated in Europe. To begin with, test methods and performance specifications according to European Standard （EN） are outlined. These include the repeated loading test, the determination of the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, clamping force and longitudinal rail resistance. The fact that labor tests are unable to simulate all the conditions in situ shows that these labor tests are not sufficient for the evaluation of the long term behaviour of a new track system： a test track of sufficient length must be constructed and exposed to traffic loads. In Europe to be accredited as a new system, a new slab track system must have a trial time of more than two years, during which the features of the whole system can be recognized. In the second part of this paper, the experience of the Institute of Road, Railway and Airfield Construction of tum concerning the measuring methods of slab track systems carrying traffic are outlined. Also the approval procedure of the new slab tracks in Germany is discussed.

关键词： Testing Approval Slab track system Fastening system Europe tum

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Improved Quantile Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Electric Vehicle Battery Temperature Prediction

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 512-530页

作者： Andreas M.Billert Runyao Yu Stefan Erschen Michael Frey Frank Gauterin Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germanyand also with Bayerische Motoren Werke(BMW)AGMunich 80788Germany Technical University of Munich(tum) Munich 80333Germany BMW AG Munich 80788Germany KIT Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany

The battery thermal management of electric vehicles can be improved using neural networks predicting quantile sequences of the battery *** work extends a method for the development of Quantile Convolutional and Quantile Recurrent Neural Networks(namely Q*NN).Fleet data of 225629 drives are clustered and balanced,simulation data from 971 simulations are augmented before they are combined for training and *** Q*NN hyperparameters are optimized using an efficient Bayesian optimization,before the Q*NN models are compared with regression and quantile regression models for four *** analysis of point-forecast and quantile-related metrics shows the superior performance of the novel Q*NN *** median predictions of the best performing model achieve an average RMSE of 0.66°C and R^(2) of *** predicted 0.99 quantile covers 98.87%of the true values in the test *** conclusion,this work proposes an extended development and comparison of Q*NN models for accurate battery temperature prediction.

关键词： deep learning battery temperature convolutional and recurrent neural network quantile forecasting

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Ethylenediurea(EDU)spray effects on willows(Salix sachalinensis ***)grown in ambient or ozone-enriched air:implications for renewable biomass production

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 397-422页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Mitsutoshi Kitao Cong Shi Noboru Masui Shahenda Abu-ElEla Kyohsuke Hikino Fuyuki Satoh Takayoshi Koike Department of Ecology School of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China School of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Sapporo 062-8516Japan School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387People’s Republic of China Department of Entomology Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt tum School of Life Sciences Technical University of Munich(TUM)Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0809Japan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China

Ground-level ozone(O_(3)) is a widespread air pollutant causing extensive injuries in ***,its effects on perennial energy crops remain poorly under-stood due to technical difficulties in cultivating fast-growing shrubs for biomass production under O_(3) treatment on the *** we present the results of a two-year evaluation in the framework of which willow(Salix sachalinensis ***)shrubs were exposed to ambient(AOZ)or elevated(EOZ)O_(3) in two successive growing seasons(2014,2015)and treated with 0(EDU0)or 400 mg L^(−1)(EDU400)eth-ylenediurea spray in the second growing *** 2014,EOZ altered the chemical composition of both top young and fallen leaves,and a novel mechanism of decreasing Mg in fallen leaves while highly enriching it in young top leaves was revealed in shrubs exposed to *** 2015,EDU400 alleviated EOZ-induced decreases in leaf fresh mass to dry mass ratio(FM/DM)and leaf mass per area(LMA).While EDU400 protected against EOZ-induced suppression of the maximum rate at which leaves can fix carbon(A_(max))in O_(3)-asymptomatic leaves,it did not alle-viate EOZ-induced suppression of the maximum rates of carboxylation(VCmax)and electron transport(J_(max))and chlorophylls a,b,and a+b in the same type of *** O_(3)-symptomatic leaves,however,EDU400 alleviated EOZ-induced suppression of chlorophylls a and a+b,indicating different mode of action of EDU between O_(3)-asymptomatic and O_(3)-symptomatic *** herbivory occurred only in AOZ-exposed plants,leading to suppressed biomass production,while EOZ also led to a similar suppression of biomass production(EDU0×EOZ ***400×EOZ).In 2016,carry-over effects were also evaluated following cropping and transplantation into new ambient *** of EOZ in the preceding growing seasons extended to the third growing season in the form of suppressed ratoon biomass production,indicating carry-over effect of *** EDU400 protected against EOZ-induced suppression of biom

关键词： Air pollution Ethylenediurea(EDU) Hormesis Plant protection Tropospheric ozone(O_(3))

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The Pichia pastoris enzyme production platform:From combinatorial library screening to bench-top fermentation on residual cyanobacterial biomass

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 43-57页

作者： Korbinian Sinzinger Ulrike Obst Samed Güner Manuel Döring Magdalena Haslbeck Doris Schieder Volker Sieber Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and SustainabilityTechnical University of MunichStraubing 94315Germany Catalysis Research Center Technical University of MunichGarching 85748Germany SynBiofoundry@tum Technical University of MunichStraubing 94315Germany School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandSt.Lucia 4072Australia

The demand for industrial enzymes is continually rising,fueled by the growing need to shift towards more sustainable industrial ***,making efficient enzyme production strains and identifying optimal enzyme expression conditions remains a ***,the production of the enzymes themselves comes with unavoidable impacts,e.g.,the need to utilize secondary ***,we take a more holistic view of bioprocess development and report an integrative approach that allows us to rapidly identify improved enzyme expression and secretion conditions and make use of cyanobacterial waste biomass as feed for supporting Pichia pastoris *** demonstrate these capabilities by producing a phytase secreted by *** that is grown on cyanobacterium hydrolysate and buffered glycerol-complex(BMGY)medium,with genetic expression conditions identified by high-throughput screening of a randomized se-cretion *** our best-performing strain is grown in a fed-batch fermentation on BMGY,we reach over 7000 U/mL in three days.

关键词： Protein secretion Phytase Cyanobacterial biomass Fed-batch fermentation Pichia pastoris

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Efficient generation of non-classical photon pairs in a hot atomic ensemble

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Chinese Optics Letters 2018年第8期16卷 71-74页

作者： Chengyuan Wang Yan Gu Ya Yu Dong Wei Pei Zhang Hong Gao Fuli Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qua.l~tum h~formation and Qu~mtum Optoelectronic Devices School of Science. Xi＇m~ lia.otong University Xi＇an 710049 Chim

We demonstrate the generation of non-classical photon pairs in a warm S-Rb atomic vapor （＇ell with no buffer gas or polarization preserving coatings via spontaneous four-wave mixing. We obtain the photon pairs with a 1/e correlation time of 40 ns and the violation of Cauchy-Sehwartz inequality by a factor of 23 - 3. This provides a convenient and efficient method to generate photon pair sources based on an atomic ensemble.

关键词： Efficient generation of non-classical photon pairs in a hot atomic ensemble

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Light Meter for Measuring Photosynthetically Active Radiation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 2420-2428页

作者： Alexander Kutschera Jacob J. Lamb tum School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising-Weihenstephan Germany Department of Electronic Systems & ENERSENSE NTNU Trondheim Norway

Measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) incident on photosynthetic organisms is a crucial measurement for understanding how organisms respond to various light conditions, and for calculating electron flow through the photosynthetic machinery. Measurements of PAR are typically performed in the region of the electromagnetic spectrum between 400 - 700 nm, which is the region of radiation that is responsible for promoting photosynthesis. Typically, to ensure that the sensor measures in this range, the implementation of long- and short-pass filters is required. Although this allows the exclusion of radiation outside of the PAR region, such filters can be expensive. Additionally, the implementation of autonomous PAR measurements requires costly commercial instruments. Here, a straight-forward, inexpensive apparatus has been designed and constructed using a sensor that can distinguish between red, green, blue and white light. The constructed apparatus was able to perform comparably to a commercial PAR sensor. Furthermore, the implementation of the device to measure PAR intensity over a three-day period shows how the apparatus can be implemented for use as a constant light monitor.

关键词： Photosynthesis Light Meter Photosynthetically Active Radiation

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依然自由,依旧先锋——1972年慕尼黑奥林匹克运动会体育设施屋顶工程

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城市环境设计 2015年第11期 174-181页

作者：唐杰慕尼黑工业大学(tum)

方案和危机奥林匹克运动会从来不仅仅是运动会而已,它经常会被赋予沉重的政治色彩。就好像1936年柏林奥运会,希特勒把奥运会打造成了一台宣扬纳粹主义和集权统治的政治秀,让在德国这块土地上举办的第一届奥运会成了一场丑陋的闹剧。二战... 详细信息

方案和危机奥林匹克运动会从来不仅仅是运动会而已,它经常会被赋予沉重的政治色彩。就好像1936年柏林奥运会,希特勒把奥运会打造成了一台宣扬纳粹主义和集权统治的政治秀,让在德国这块土地上举办的第一届奥运会成了一场丑陋的闹剧。二战后,为了向世界展现一个脱胎换骨的和平、民主和透明的新德国,联邦德国决定申办1972年的夏季奥林匹克运动会,而地点则选择了联邦德国南部的经济重镇,位于阿尔卑斯山北麓伊萨河畔的历史名城—慕尼黑。在1966年4月26日慕尼黑正式赢得举办权之

关键词：屋顶结构弗雷德国蒙特利尔建筑师体育场馆加拿大美术家奥林匹克公园索网结构鞍形索网帐篷结构薄膜结构竞赛方案奥林匹克运动会奥运会

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Leaf thermal tolerance and sensitivity of temperate tree species are correlated with leaf physiological and functional drought resistance traits

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 63-76页

作者： Ines Katharina Münchinger Peter Hajek Berivan Akdogan Astor Torano Caicoya Norbert Kunert Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaGregor-Mendel Str.331190 ViennaAustria Geobotany University of FreiburgSchanzlestr.179104 FreiburgGermany tum School of Live SciencesChair of Forest Growth and Yield ScienceTechnical University of MunichGermanyHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz 285354 FreisingGermany

Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events,such as extreme heat and co-occurring drought,potentially accelerating tree *** tree species will cope better with those extreme events is still being *** study focuses on heat as a physiological stress factor and interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous and broad-leaved tree *** investigate(1)whether thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits correlate with a droughtrelated physiological trait,particularly the leaf turgor loss point(πtlp,wilting point),and(2)how thermal tolerance and sensitivity traits co-vary within diff erent tree-functional types classifi ed by morphological and physiological traits of the leaf,i.e.,leaf mass per area(LMA)and percentage loss of area(PLA).The study was carried out in the Traunstein Forest Dynamics Plot of the ForestGEO network in *** temperature response of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II(F_(v)/F_(m))on leaf discs was determined,from which various physiological leaf traits were estimated,one of which is the breaking point temperature(T_(5)),the temperature at which F_(v)/F_(m)declines by 5%.Additionally,the temperature of 50%(T_(50))and 95%(T_(95))decline in F_(v)/F_(m)was *** decline width between T_(50)and T 5(DW T_(50)−T_(5))was taken as an indicator of the species’thermal *** breaking point temperature ranged from 35.4±3.0 to 47.9±3.9℃among the investigated tree species and T 50 ranged between 46.1±0.4 and 53.6±0.7℃.A large interspecifi c variation of thermal tolerance and sensitivity was *** ash(Fraxinus excelsior L.)was the most heat-sensitive species,while Wild cherry(Prunus avium L.)was the least heat-sensitive *** with a more negativeπtlp tended to have a higher breaking point temperature than species with a less negativeπtlp.A lower thermal sensitivity characterized species with a higher LMA,and high PLA was

关键词： Water stress Heat stress Physiological limitations Climate change ForestGEO

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创造,为了更美好的世界

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城市环境设计 2015年第11期 162-163页

作者：温菲尔德·奈丁格唐杰慕尼黑工业大学(tum)

从他的母亲那里,奥托得到了一个并不怎么常见的名字:Frei(译者注:frei,德语,形容词,意为"自由的")。这冠于姓之前的形容词几乎成了他一生的写照:弗雷·奥托,从来就是一个特立独行的人,有着无拘无束、自由自在的灵魂。他年少的时候,经历... 详细信息

从他的母亲那里,奥托得到了一个并不怎么常见的名字:Frei(译者注:frei,德语,形容词,意为"自由的")。这冠于姓之前的形容词几乎成了他一生的写照:弗雷·奥托,从来就是一个特立独行的人,有着无拘无束、自由自在的灵魂。他年少的时候,经历过狂热的纳粹时期,参拜过那种厚重的、坚实地矗立在土地上的、如纪念碑式的建筑。对他来说,那种建筑意味着恐怖,代表着死亡。18岁时,他曾在飞机上亲眼目睹了那被战火湮没的德意志帝国,那种惨痛的经历,给他一生留下了无法磨灭的印象。以致后来在他的生命里,他一直为了追求一种在和平的社会里存在的、与自然和谐共生的建筑而努力。"我的希望是,用一种轻盈的、灵动的建筑,为实现社会的公平、公正、

关键词：弗雷膜结构体育馆德国蒙特利尔加拿大鞍形索网索网结构屋顶结构被动式太阳能建筑美术家建筑师

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