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Investigation of biomass surface modification using non-thermal plasma treatment

Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第11期20卷 101-107页

作者： Mooktzeng LIM Ahmad Zulazlan Shah ZULKIFLI tnb research Sdn.Bhd. Research Institution Area43000 KajangSelangorMalaysi

The effects of non-thermal plasma （NTP） treatment on biomass in the form of pulverized palmbased empty fruit bunches （EFB） are investigated. Specifically, this study investigates the effects of NTP treatment on the surface reactivity, morphology, oxygen-to-carbon （O/C） ratio of the EFB at varying treatment times. The surface reactivity is determined by the reaction of antioxidant functional groups or reactive species with 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH）. By measuring the concentration of the DPPH with a spectrophotometer, the change in the amount of antioxidant functional groups can be measured to determine the surface reactivity. The reactions of the various lignin components in the EFB with respect to the NTP treatment are discussed by qualitatively assessing the changes in the Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectra. The surface morphology is examined by a scanning electron microscope. To determine the amount of oxygen deposited on the EFB by the air-based NTP treatment, the oxygen and carbon contents are measured by an energy dispersive x-ray detector to determine the O/C ratio. The results show that the NTP reactor produced reactive species such as atomic oxygen and ozone, increasing the surface reactivity and chemical scavenging rate of the EFB. Consequently, the surface morphology changed, with an observed rougher surface from the images of the EFB samples. The change in the appearance of the surface is accompanied by a high O/C ratio, and is caused by reactions of certain components of lignin due to the NTP treatment, The lignin component that was modified is believed to be syringyl, as the syringyl portion in the lignin of EFBs is higher compared to the other components. Syringyl components are detected in the range of F-FIR wavenumbers of 1109-1363 cm-1. With increasing NTP treatment times, the absorbance （of the peaks in the PTIR spectra） for syringyl related C-H and lignin associated C=C bonds decreases as the syringyl decomposes. The resulting re

关键词： biomass surface modification empty fruit bunch low temperature plasma lignin components syringyl

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Development of a dimensionless parameter for characterization of dielectric barrier discharge devices with respect to geometrical features

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第9期19卷 56-65页

作者：林木森 Ahmad Zulazlan SHAH ZULKIFLI Kanesh Kumar JAYAPALAN Oihoong CHIN Fuels and Combustion Generation UnitTNB Research Sdn.Bhd. Plasma Technology research Center Physics DepartmentUniversiti Malaya

Non-thermal plasma（NTP） devices produce excited and radical species that have higher energy levels than their ground state and are utilized for various applications. There are various types of NTP devices, with dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） reactors being widely used. These DBD devices vary in geometrical configuration and operating parameters, making a comparison of their performance in terms of discharge power characteristics difficult. Therefore, this study proposes a dimensionless parameter that is related to the geometrical features, and is a function of the discharge power with respect to the frequency, voltage, and capacitance of a DBD. The dimensionless parameter, in the form of a ratio of the discharge energy per cycle to the gap capacitive energy, will be useful for engineers and designers to compare the energy characteristics of devices systematically, and could also be used for scaling up DBD *** the results in this experiment and from the literature, different DBD devices are categorized into three separate groups according to different levels of the energy ratio. The larger DBD devices have lower energy ratios due to their lower estimated surface discharge areas and capacitive reactance. Therefore, the devices can be categorized according to the energy ratio due to the effects of the geometrical features of the DBD devices, since it affects the surface discharge area and capacitance of the DBD. The DBD devices are also categorized into three separate groups using the Kriegseis factor, but the categorization is different from that of the energy ratio.

关键词： dimensionless dielectric separate capacitive capacitance excited utilized cycle systematically exponent

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Coordinated Voltage Control in Distribution Network with Renewable Energy based Distributed Generation

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第1期5卷 208-214页

作者： Mohd Khairun Nizam Mohd Sarmin Worawat Nakawiro MohdZamriChe Wanik Mohd FadzilMohd Siam ZahrulFaizi Hussien Ahmad Asrul Ibrahim Ahmad Kamil Mat Hussin Green Technology Section TNB Research Malaysia Malaysia Power system research group UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia Smart Grid Section TNB Research Malaysia Malaysia

This paper presentsa voltage control strategy for power distribution systems with interconnected renewable energy based distributed generators (DGs). The control strategy coordinating conventional voltage control devices and reactive power from DG.A mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem was formulated and solved by particle swarm optimization (PSO). The code is written using DigSILENT programming language (DPL) and implemented inside DigSILENT power factory simulation software. All system constraints and operating limits are considered. The optimal power flow based approach can incorporate various uncertainties such as intermittent power characteristics and varying load demand. The proposed method is tested using real distribution network to demonstrate its effectiveness. The merits of the proposed method over the classical local-based control are presented in the simulation results. It is demonstrated that the proposed method is capable of keeping the system voltage within operating limit. Power losses is at the same time is minimized in comparison to the losses using conventional method.

关键词： Photovoltaic Distributed Generation Particle Swarm Optimisation DigSILENT Coordinated Control

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Harmonic Measurement and Analysis during Electric Vehicle Charging

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第1期5卷 215-220页

作者： MohdZamriChe Wanik Mohd FadzilMohd Siam Afida Ayob Subi yanto Azah Mohamed Abu HanifahAzit Saharuddin Sulaiman Mohamed Azrin Mohamed Ali Zahrul Faizi Hussein Ahmad Kamil MatHussin malaysian Green Technology Corporation Bandar BaruBangi Malaysia Power System research Group UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia tnb Distribution malaysia Malaysia tnb research malaysia Malaysia

This paper presentsand describes harmonic measurement and analysis of studying harmonic propagation during electric vehicle (EV) charging. The measurement study is performed on a golf cart and two modern type of EVs. Harmonics from a single EV charging and a group of EV charging was measured. The voltage and current waveform during the charging was captured and analyzed to investigate the harmonic components that exist in the electrical system. Total current harmonic distortion (THDi) and total voltage harmonic distortion (THDi) were both calculated. Modern electric vehicles are found to release low THDi but higher THDv compared to a golf cart. On the measurement study during charging of? a group of EV, it is found that the summation of THD is not linear with a number of vehicles. The finding of the study reveals that harmonic contamination from EV charging on electrical grid is not as critical as thought by most of power system researchers and engineers.

关键词： Electric Vehicle Total Harmonic Distortion Electric Vehicle Charging Harmonic Power Quality

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A review on co-pyrolysis of agriculture biomass and disposable medical face mask waste for green fuel production:recent advances and thermo-kinetic models

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 1141-1161页

作者： Melvin X.J.Wee Bridgid L.F.Chin Agus Saptoro Chung L.Yiin Jiuan J.Chew Jaka Sunarso Suzana Yusup Abhishek Sharma Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University MalaysiaCDT 250Miri 98009Malaysia Energy and Environment research Cluster Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University MalaysiaCDT 250Miri 98009Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak(UNIMAS)Kota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy(ISuRE) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak(UNIMAS)Kota Samarahan 94300Malaysia research Centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of EngineeringComputing and ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyKuching 93350Malaysia Generation Unit(Fuel Technology&Combustion) Tenaga Nasional Berhad(TNB)Research Sdn BhdKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipur 303007India Chemical&Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3000Australia

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is blessed with agricultural resources,and with the growing population,it will continue to prosper,which follows the abundance of agricultural *** biomass attracted researchers’interest in extracting bio-oil from these ***,the resulting bio-oil has low heating values and undesirable physical ***,co-pyrolysis with plastic or polymer wastes is adopted to improve the yield and quality of the ***,with the spread of the novel coronavirus,the surge of single-use plastic waste such as disposable medical face mask,can potentially set back the previous plastic waste reduction ***,studies of existing technologies and techniques are referred in exploring the potential of disposable medical face mask waste as a candidate for co-pyrolysis with *** parameters,utilisation of catalysts and technologies are key factors in improving and optimising the process to achieve commercial standard of liquid *** copyrolysis involves a series of complex mechanisms,which cannot be explained using simple iso-conversional ***,advanced conversional models are introduced,followed by the evolutionary models and predictive models,which can solve the non-linear catalytic copyrolysis reaction *** outlook and challenges for the topic are discussed in detail.

关键词： biomass COVID-19 wast catalyst pyrolysis kinetics

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Recovery of bird communities following the construction of a large-scale hydroelectric dam

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 408-417页

作者： Affan Nasruddin-Roshidi Mohammad Saiful Mansor Nor Adibah Ismail Ehwan Ngadi Mohd Izzat-Husna Shahril Mod Husin Farah Shafawati Mohd-Taib Rahmah Illias Shukor Md Nor Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Kolej GENIUS Insan Universiti Sains Islam MalaysiaBandar Baru Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia tnb research Sdn Bhd No.1Kawasan Institusi PenyelidikanJalan Ayer Itam43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Department of Wildlife and National Parks(PERHILITAN) Km.10Jln Cheras56100 Kuala LumpurWilayah PersekutuanMalaysia.

Background:Habitat degradation is known to have a major impact on the composition of bird communities,yet how these communities recover following such disturbance is less *** study examined bird community changes from pre-logging to recovery over the course of habitat disturbance caused by the development of the Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Dam Project in Peninsular malaysia,between 2007 and *** surveys were conducted using point count observations and mist netting in the dam area from the prelogging phase until the operation ***:It was observed that while bird species significantly declined after large-scale habitat clearance between the pre-logging and construction phases,they showed positive signs of recovery from the inundation to operation *** findings indicate that the bird community is still recovering,and the permanent loss of habitat required by most of the original species has not occurred,as evidenced by *** species composition differed across phases due to varying habitat *** turnover rate and immigration rate(recolonisation and newly recorded species)were higher between the construction and operation *** was also observed that insectivorous birds were more heavily affected than others by changes to the landscape,which highlights the versatility,survivability and tolerance of certain species to extreme disturbance and habitat ***:Although the operation phase showed an incremental change in bird species richness due to recolonisation and newly recorded species,this value remains far from that of the pre-logging *** predict that bird species recovery will continue to increase for some time before reaching a plateau among the newly created islands,reservoir and catchment area of the dam.

关键词： Dam construction Extinction Habitat recovery Recolonisation Turnover

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The efficacies and biomarker investigations of antiprogrammed death-1 (anti-PD-1)-based therapies for metastatic bone and soft tissue sarcoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第6期19卷 910-930页

作者： Jia Lu Ting Li Zhichao Liao Hui Yu Yongtian Zhao Haixiao Wu Zhiwu Ren Jun Zhao Ruwei Xing Sheng Teng Yun Yang Xiangchun Li Kexin Chen Jonathan Trent Jilong Yang Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Department of Infection Management Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China YuceBio Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518172China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China Sarcoma Multidisciplinary Program Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe University of MiamiMiamiFL 33136USA

Objective:Sarcomas are a group of rare malignancies with various *** with metastatic sarcoma who have failed traditional treatments can possibly achieve better prognoses from using novel therapies,including anti-programmed death-1(PD-1)-based ***:We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 24 metastatic sarcoma patients from June 15,2016 to December 30,*** patients mainly received angiogenesis inhibitors combined with anti-PD-1 therapy after they became resistant to traditional ***,8 patients underwent panel DNA and whole transcript ***:Six patients received 2 cycles of anti-PD-1 therapy and were included in the safety evaluation only *** median follow-up time was 5.77 *** median progression-free survival was 7.59 months,the overall response rate was 16.7%and the disease control rate was 55.6%.Based on whole exome and transcript sequencing data,there was no association between TMB,tnb,MSI,HLA-LOH,and PD-L1 expressions and sarcoma types with clinical *** efficacy and bioinformatics analyses indicated higher intratumoral heterogeneity(ITH)in progressive disease(PD)patients and lower ITH in partial response(PR)and stable disease patients.A higher percentage of immune cell infiltration,especially monocytes,was observed in PR *** stromal gene expression was increased in PD patients but decreased in PR *** analysis revealed that an increased TGF-βsignaling pathway was reversely correlated with anti-PD-1 efficacy,while a decreased inflammatory response signaling pathway was positively correlated with anti-PD-1 ***:Our study showed PD-1 inhibitors combined with anti-angiogenesis agents were effective and ***,monocyte ratio,stroma subtypes,and the status of immune-associated signaling pathways may be related with anti-PD-1 based therapy.

关键词： Sarcoma PD-1 PD-L1 immunotherapy angiogenesis safety efficacy biomarker

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Genetic parameters and trends for production and reproduction traits of a Landrace herd in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第5期15卷 1069-1075页

作者： ZHANG Zhe ZHANG Hao PAN Rong-yang WU Long LI Ya-lan CHEN Zan-mou CAI Geng-yuan LI Jia-qi WU Zhen-fang College of Animal Science National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 P.R. China

The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters and the breeding progress in a Landrace herd in China, and to predict the potential benefits by applying new breeding technology. Hereby, the performance records from a Landrace swine herd in China, composing over 33 000 pigs born between 2001 and 2013, were collected on six economically important traits, i.e., average daily gain between 30-100 kg（ADG）, adjusted backfat thickness at 100 kg（BF）, adjusted days to 30 kg（D30）, adjusted days to 100 kg（D100）, number born alive（NBA）, and total number born（tnb）. The genetic parameters were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood via DMU, and realized genetic trends were analyzed. Based on the real population structure and genetic parameters obtained from this herd, the potential genetic trends by applying genomic selection（GS） were predicted via a computer simulation study. Results showed that the heritability estimates in this Landrace herd were 0.55（0.02）, 0.42（0.01）, and 0.12（0.01）, for BF, D100, and tnb, respectively. Favorable genetic trends were obtained for D100, BF, and tnb due to direct selection, for ADG and NBA due to indirect selection. Long-term selection against D100 did not improve D30, though they are highly genetically correlated（0.64）. Appling GS in such a swine herd, the genetic gain can be increased by 25%, or even larger for traits with low heritability or individuals without phenotypes before selection. It can be concluded that conventional breeding strategy was effective in the herd studied, while applying GS is promising and hence the road ahead in swine breeding.

关键词： genetic parameter genomic selection swine genetic trend

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Application of Seismic Azimuth Anisotropic Technique in Fractural Detection of Lower Triassic Jia-2 Reservoir in tnb Area

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石油地球物理勘探 2009年第2期44卷 72-78页

作者： Bi Yan-bin Long Sheng-xiang Guo Tong-lou Liu Bin SINOPEC research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China South Branch of Exploration and Development of SINOPEC Kunming Yunnan Province 650233 China

低渗致密碳酸盐岩油气藏常与储层中裂缝的发育有着密切关系.在对岩心裂缝发育特征分析和叠前地震资料评价的基础上,本文利用叠前地震方位各向异性技术对tnb构造带嘉二段储层裂缝发育密度和方向进行了区域上的检测,分析了裂缝相对发育带... 详细信息

低渗致密碳酸盐岩油气藏常与储层中裂缝的发育有着密切关系.在对岩心裂缝发育特征分析和叠前地震资料评价的基础上,本文利用叠前地震方位各向异性技术对tnb构造带嘉二段储层裂缝发育密度和方向进行了区域上的检测,分析了裂缝相对发育带的分布规律.研究表明,裂缝发育带在区域上呈现一定的分区性,既受tnb背斜带的宏观控制,又受后期叠加局部构造的影响.研究成果为下一步该地区的井位部署提供了参考依据,同时也展现了叠前地震方位各向异性技术在储层裂缝检测中的应用前景.

关键词：叠前地震数据方位各向异性技术检测下三叠统裂缝检测水库应用碳酸盐岩储层

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Expression of genes involved in progesterone receptor paracrine signaling and their effect on litter size in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 30-42页

作者： Xiao Chen Jinluan Fu Aiguo Wang College of Animal Sciences and Technology National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding & Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Agriculture China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 People's Republic of China Institute of Apicultural research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100093 People's Republic of China

Background： Embryonic mortality during the period of implantation strongly affects litter size in pigs. Progesterone receptor（PGR） paracrine signaling has been recognized to play a significant role in embryonic implantation. IHH,NR2F2, BMP2, FKBP4 and HAND2 were proved to involve in PGR paracrine signaling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of IHH, NR2F2, BMP2, FKBP4 and HAND2 in endometrium of pregnant sows and to further investigate these genes＇ effect on litter size in pigs. Real-time PCR, western blot and immunostaining were used to study target genes/proteins expression in endometrium in pigs. RFLP-PCR was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） of target ***： The results showed that the m RNA and protein expression levels of IHH, NR2F2 and BMP2 were up-regulated during implantation period（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. All target proteins were mainly observed in luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium. Interestingly, the staining of NR2F2 and HAND2 was also strong in stroma. SNPs detection revealed that there was a-204 C 〉 A mutation in promoter region of NR2F2 gene. Three genotypes were found in Large White, Landrace and Duroc sows. A total of 1847 litter records from 625 sows genotyped at NR2F2 gene were used to analyze the total number born（tnb） and number born alive（NBA）. The study of the effect on litter size suggested that sows with genotype CC tend to have higher litter ***： These results showed the expression patterns of genes/proteins involved in PGR paracrine signaling over implantation time. And the candidate gene for litter size was identified from genes involved in this signaling. This study could be a resource for further studies to identify the roles of these genes for embryonic implantation in pigs.

关键词： Expression Implantation Litter size Pigs SNPs

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