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Characterization of Mutations in Genes Related to Rifampicin and Isoniazid Resistance in Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains from Hangzhou,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第9期36卷 869-873页

作者： HUANG Yin Yan XIE Li WU Yi Fei JIA Qing Jun CHENG Qing Lin LI Qing Chun AI Li Yun BAI Xue Xin Department of tb control and Prevention Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou 310021ZhejiangChina

Tuberculosis(tb),caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MtbC),is the 13^(th)leading cause of death and the second leading cause of infectious killer after COVID-19(above HIV and AIDS),according to the World Health Organization's 2022 Global tb *** 2021,10.6 million people were diagnosed with a new episode of tb and 1.6 million people died as a result.

关键词： tuberculosis death Mycobacterium

Characteristics and Morbidity of the Tuberculosis Epidemic--China,2019

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China CDC weekly 2020年第12期2卷 181-184页

作者： Wei Chen Hui Zhang Xin Du Tao Li Yanlin Zhao National Center for tb control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:The year 2019 was crucial for the implementation of China’s National“13th 5-Year”Tuberculosis(tb)control *** conducted this study to evaluate the characteristics and progress towards controlling tb in ***:We collected and analyzed the pulmonary tuberculosis(Ptb)data of China between January 1,2015 and December 31,2019 from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS).Results:In 2019,there were 775,764 Ptb cases reported in NNDRS,of which 349,307 were bacteriologically-confirmed(Bac+)*** Ptb case notification rate(CNR)was 55.55 per 100,000,and the Bac+CNR was 25.01 per 100,*** 2018 to 2019,the number of Ptb cases fell by 6.3%,but the number of Bac+cases increased by 25.9%.The annual decrease in the rate of reported Ptb was 3.4% from 2015 to *** 5 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)with the highest Ptb CNR were as follows:Tibet(182.38 per 100,000),Xinjiang(169.05 per 100,000),Qinghai(134.53 per 100,000),Guizhou(102.51 per 100,000),and Hainan(90.22 per 100,000).The rate of reported Ptb was 74.84 per 100,000 for males and 35.40 per 100,000 for *** were 8,116 cases(1.0%)among children aged 0–14 years,and 197,730 cases(25.5%)among adults aged 65 years and *** the reported cases,470,932 were farmers,which was the most common occupation at 60.7%.Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice:The tb epidemic has decreased dramatically year by *** Ptb cases were in the central and western regions of China,and the high-risk groups were farmers and elderly people aged 65 years and over.

关键词： Tuberculosis tuberculosis occupation

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES:INCIDENCE AND DISTRIBUTION

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 1996年第1期11卷 56-62页

作者：王千秋 National Center for STD and leprosy control Institute of Dermatology PUMC & CAMS Nanjing.

The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) increased from 26. 04 per 100 000 in 1987 to 104. 81 per 100 000 in 1993 in selected areas of the country. Gonorrhea is by far the most common STD but its constituent ratio declined because of a rapid increase of nongonococcal uretheritis and genital warts during most recent years. The incidence of syphilis is relatively low and cases of congenital infection are noted. The wide spread of resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection gives a challenge to the therapeutical and control strategies of STDs. Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections, an important cause of urethritis. cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. is becoming common in our country. Attention has been drawn on viral hepatitis in their means of transmission by sexually behaviors, and also, on the homosexuals, assumed to be the high risk group to catch STDs. Coordinated national efforts to control STDs in China have been taken.

关键词： sexually transmitted diseases epidemiology

Decliners of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling: Characteristics of participants who refused HIV testing in a population survey in Zambia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第8期5卷 669-672页

作者： Pascalina Chanda-Kapata William Ngosa Albertina Ngomah Moraes Nicole Maddox Nathan Kapata Department of Disease Surveillance Control and ResearchMinistry of Health Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine Amsterdam Medical Centre University of Amsterdam National tb/leprosy control Programme Ministry of Community DevelopmentMother and Child Health

Objective: To assess the prevalence of HIV infection, to highlight HIV-testing refusal rates among participants in a population-based tuberculosis survey and to assess the implication for programme ***: This cross-sectional study on the characteristics of participants who refused HIV testing was conducted in a national survey in Zambia. All eligible participants were aged above 15 years and included in the ***: Out of the 44 791 tuberculosis survey participants, 14 164(31.6%) refused to participate in HIV testing. The unemployed, rural dwellers, married, and those aged 15-24 years were associated with higher refusal ***: Strategies to improve HIV testing acceptance are necessary. Qualitative research is recommended to understand the reasons for testing refusals so that remedial interventions can be implemented.

关键词： HIV/AIDS Zambia Testing Refusals Population survey

Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram Kumar Mahato Uttam Ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal David T.S.Hayman Ajit Kumar Karna Basu Dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel Epidemiology and Disease control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal Epidemiology and Disease control Division-Malaria Program Management unit- SCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal leprosy control & Disability Management Section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh leprosy Hospital & Service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and Disease Studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the *** cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case *** operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt *** Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati *** detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of *** case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were *** New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population ***,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,*** leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly d

关键词： leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

Genetic Diversity and Drug Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in a Remote Mountain Area of China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期31卷 351-362页

作者： ma ai jing wang sheng fen fan jia le zhao bing he guang xue zhao yan lin national institute for communicable disease control and prevention chinese center for disease control and preventionBeijing 102206China national center for tb control and prevention chinese center for disease control and preventionBeijing 102206China science and technology department chinese center for disease control and preventionBeijing 102206China

Objective We determined the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis（Mtb） in a remote mountainous area of southwest China and evaluated the resolving ability of single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP） genotyping combined with variable number tandem repeat（VNTR） genotyping for Beijing family strains in association with drug resistance *** Three hundred thirty-one Mtb strains were isolated from patients living in mountainous regions of southwest China,and 8-loci SNP,VNTR-15 genotyping assays,and drug susceptibility testing of 9 drugs were *** A total of 183 [55.29%（183/331）] strains were classified into the Beijing *** the 183 strains,111（60.66%） were defined as modern Beijing *** most predominant modern Beijing sub-lineage and ancient Beijing sub-lineage were Bmyc10 [39.34%（72/183）] and Bmyc25 [20.77%（38/183）],*** the isolates,19.64%（65/331） were resistant to at least 1 of the 9 anti-tb drugs and 17 [4.98%（17/331）] Mtb isolates were multi-drug resistant tuberculosis（MDR-tb）.Two hundred sixty-one isolates showed a clustering rate of 14.18%（37/261） and a discriminatory index of *** Beijing lineage exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of MDR-tb,as well as resistance to isoniazid（INH）,rifampin（RIF）,and para-aminosalicylic acid（PAS） when analyzed independently（P = 0.005,P = 0.017,P = 0.014,and P = 0.006 respectively）.The Beijing lineage was not associated with genetic clustering or resistance to any *** addition,genetic clustering was not associated with drug *** Mtb strains demonstrate high genetic diversity in remote mountainous areas of southwest *** strains,especially modern Beijing strains,are predominant in remote mountainous area of *** combination of 8-loci SNPs and VNTR-15 genotyping is a useful tool to study the molecular epidemiology of Mtb strains in this area.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strains Variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) Singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

Buruli ulcer in Nigeria:results of a pilot case study in three rural districts

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 328-336页

作者： Kingsley N.Ukwaja Anthony O.Meka Alphonsus Chukwuka Kingsley B.Asiedu Kristina L.Huber Miriam Eddyani Joseph N.Chukwu Moses C.Anyim Charles C.Nwafor Daniel C.Oshi Nelson O.Madichie Ngozi Ekeke Martin Njoku Kentigern Ntana Department of Medicine Federal Teaching HospitalFMC RdAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria Medical Department German Leprosy and TB Relief AssociationEnuguEnugu StateNigeria St Benedict’s Tuberculosis and leprosy Rehabilitation Hospital OgojaCross River StateNigeria Global Buruli Ulcer Initiative Department of Control of Neglected Tropical DiseasesWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany Mycobacteriology unit Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium

Background:Buruli ulcer(BU),also known as Mycobacterium ulcerans disease,is the third most common mycobacterial disease *** BU disease has been diagnosed among Nigerians in neighbouring West African countries,data on the burden of the disease in Nigeria itself are *** study aimed to assess the magnitude and epidemiology of BU in the South South region of ***:We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the Ogoja territory(comprising 31 communities).We undertook sensitisation programmes centred on BU in 10 of the *** were asked to identify community members with long-standing ulcers,who were then invited for *** also contacted traditional healers to refer their clients who had non-healing *** suspected cases had a full clinical evaluation and laboratory *** cases were given treatment in a referral hospital in the ***:We diagnosed 41 clinical BU cases;36(87.8%)of which were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).These 36 PCR-confirmed cases were diagnosed in a total population of 192,169 ***,the estimated crude prevalence of BU was 18.7 per 100,000 population,varying from 6.0 to 41.4 per 100,000 in the districts *** majority(66.7%)of the cases were *** 92%of the BU lesions were located on the patients’*** differences were observed between the sexes in terms of the location of the *** age of the patients ranged from four to 60 years,with a median age of 17 *** 35(100%)patients who consented to treatment completed chemotherapy as *** the treated cases,29(82.9%)needed and received *** cases healed,but 29(82.9%)had some limitations in *** with limitations in movement occurred in 18/19(94.7%)and 8/10(80.0%)of patients with lesions>15 cm(Category III)and 6–15 cm in diameter(Category II),*** median duration of treatment was 130(87–164)days for children and

关键词： Buruli ulcer Mycobacterium ulcerans Epidemiology Case finding Endemicity Ogoja Cross River State Nigeria

HIV Infection among Newly Diagnosed tb Patients in Southwestern Nigeria: A Multi-DOTS Center Study

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第2期3卷 154-159页

作者： Georgina N. Odaibo Prosper Okonkwo Oluwole M. Lawal David O. Olaleye AIDS Prevention Initiative Nigeria Abuja Nigeria Department of Virology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria tb and leprosy control unit Oyo State Ministry of Health Ibadan Nigeria

Backgroud: The burden of tb and HIV infection is estimated to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on tb/HIV co-morbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due to limited access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with tb infection. This study was designed to determine the true rate of HIV infection among newly diagnosed tb patients by providing comprehensive HCT services in 43 DOTS centers in Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: All patients meeting the case definition for tb suspects who presented at each of the 43 DOTS Centres were counselled and those who consented tested for presence of HIV antibodies using HIV 1/2 Determine, Unigold and Stat-Pak rapid test kits in a serial algorithm. Results: A total of 13,109 tb positive patients were enrolled for the study, out of which 1605 (12.3%) tested positive for HIV antibodies. HIV infection was higher among female (15.5%) than male (9.5%) tb patients (p 0.05). The rates also varied among the age groups, ranging from 4.3% in the 10 - 19 years to 18.0% in the 40 - 49 years age group. A relatively high rate (10.5%) of HIV infection was found among children less than ten years of age. Conclusion: The results of this work show the true burden of tb/HIV in any region in Nigeria for the first time. Higher rate of tb/HIV co-infection among female patients and children are significant and important factors that should be considered in the planning of intervention measures in Nigeria and other tb and HIV endemic countries in Africa.

关键词： HIV tb Co-Infection DOTS Centre Attendees Nigeria

Risk of Treatment Failure in Patients with Drug-susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期29卷 612-617页

作者： WANG Ni MA Yan LIU YU Hong DU Jian ZHANG Hui XIE Shi Heng Zhu Kun LYU Xiao Ya SHU Wei WANG Hong Hong ZHU Guo Feng TAN Shou Yong FU Yan Yong MA Li Ping ZHANG Lian Ying LIU Fei Ying HU Dai Yu ZHANG Yan Ling LI Xiang Qun LI Liang National Center for Tuberculosis control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Center office Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 China Beijing Chest Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 China Clinical Center on Tuberculosis China CDC Beijing 101149 China Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease control and Prevention Shanghai 200336 China Guangzhou Chest Hospital Guangzhou 510095 Guangdong China Tianjin Centers for Disease control and Prevention Tianjin 300041 China Department of tb control Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhengzhou 450016 Henan China Hebei Center for Disease control and Prevention Shijiazhuang 050021 Hebei China Department of tb control Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanning 530021 Guangxi China Chongqing Anti-tuberculosis Institute Chongqing 400050 China Department of tb control Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming 650022 Yunnan China

The objective of this prospective study of the risks of treatment failure in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis （Ptb） was to provide reference data to help develop a disease control strategy. Participants were recruited in eight provinces of China from October 2008 to December 2010. A total of 1447 patients with drug-susceptible Ptb and older than 15 years of age were enrolled.

关键词： Ptb Risk of Treatment Failure in Patients with Drug-susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China