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Microscopic morphology independence in linear absorption cross-section of CsPbBr_(3)nanocrystals

Science China Materials 2021年第6期64卷 1418-1426页

作者： Fengying Zhang Yuchen Liu Shiqian Wei Junsheng Chen Ying Zhou Rongxing He Tonu Pullerits Kaibo Zheng State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation and School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLund Chemical center Lund University P.O.Box 12422100 LundSweden College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark

Multiple morphologies of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)diversify their optical and electronic *** them,the linear absorption cross-section(σ)is a primary parameter to determine their intrinsic photophysical features,and consequently,application ***,three morphologies of all-inorganic hybrid colloidal perovskite CsPbBr_(3)NCs,nanocubes(NBs),nanoplatelets(NLs),and nanowires(NWs),were targeted,and their linearσvalues were obtained through femtosecond transient absorption(TA)spectroscopy *** high excitation energy well above the bandgap,theσper particle of all CsPbBr3 NCs linearly increased with the particle volume(VNC)regardless of the morphology with the value ofσ400=9.45×10^(4)cm^(−1)×VNC(cm^(2)).Density functional theory(DFT)calculation confirmed the negligible influence of shapes on the optical selection *** Einstein spontaneous emission coefficients calculated from theσvalues define the intrinsic radiative recombination ***,reduced size dependence is observed when the excitation energy is close to the bandgap(i.e.,at 460 nm)with the value ofσ460=2.82×10^(8)cm0.65×(VNC)0.45(cm^(2)).This should be ascribed to the discrete energy levels as well as lower density of states close to the band edge for perovskite *** results provide in-depth insight into the optical characteristics for perovskite NCs.

关键词： multiple morphologies absorption cross-section transient absorption spectroscopy density functional theory radiative recombination

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Species diversity of Basidiomycota

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 281-325页

作者： Mao-Qiang He Rui-Lin Zhao Dong-Mei Liu Teodor T.Denchev Dominik Begerow Andrey Yurkov Martin Kemler Ana M.Millanes Mats Wedin A.R.McTaggart Roger G.Shivas Bart Buyck Jie Chen Alfredo Vizzini Viktor Papp Ivan V.Zmitrovich Naveed Davoodian Kevin D.Hyde State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHuairou DistrictBeijing 100408People’s Republic of China Institute of Ecology Chinese Reserach Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012People’s Republic of China Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences2 Gagarin St.1113 SofiaBulgaria Evolution der Pflanzen und Pilze Ruhr-Universität BochumND 03Universitätsstr.15044801 BochumGermany Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Inhoffenstraße 7B38124 BraunschweigGermany Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan Carlos28933 MóstolesSpain Department of Botany Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 5000710405 StockholmSweden Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4001Australia Centre for Crop Health University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba 4350Australia Institut pour Systematique EcologieBiodiversite(ISYEBUMR 7205)Sorbonne universitéMuséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CP 39CNRSDépartement Origines et Evolution12 Rue Buffon75005 ParisFrance Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias PeñuelaUniversidad VeracruzanaAmatlán de los Reyes94945 VeracruzMéxico Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly Department of Botany Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences1518 BudapestHungary Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of SciencesProfessor Popov st.2Saint PetersburgRussia 197376 Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Birdwood AvenueMelbourneVIC 3004Australia center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Science

Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in *** fungi,Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described *** review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups with different lifestyles or habitats:saprobic in grass/forest litter,wood-decaying,yeast-like,ectomycorrhizal,and plant *** studies of Agaricus,Cantharellus,Ganoderma,Gyroporus,Russula,Tricholoma,and groups of lichenicolous yeast-like fungi,rust fungi,and smut fungi are used to determine trends in discovery of *** each case study,the number of new species published during 2009–2020 is analysed to determine the rate of *** rates differ between taxa and reflect different states of progress for species discovery in different *** results showed that lichenicolous yeast-like taxa had the highest publication rate for new species in the past two decades,and it is likely this trend will continue in the next *** species discovery rate of plant parasitic basidiomycetes was low in the past ten years,and remained constant in the past 50 *** also found that the establishment of comprehensive and robust taxonomic systems based on a joint global initiative by mycologists could promote and standardize the recognition of *** estimated that more than 54,000 species of Basidiomycota will be discovered by 2030,and estimate a total of 1.4–4.2 million species of Basidiomycota *** numbers illustrate a huge gap between the described and yet unknown diversity in Basidiomycota.

关键词： Biodiversity Fungi Species number Taxonomy

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Manufacture and characterization of graphene membranes with suspended silicon proof masses for MEMS and NEMS applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1050-1066页

作者： Xuge Fan Anderson D.Smith Fredrik Forsberg Stefan Wagner Stephan Schroder Sayedeh Shirin Afyouni Akbari Andreas C.Fischer Luis Guillermo Villanueva Mikael Ostling Max C.Lemme Frank Niklaus Division of Micro and Nanosystems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044 StockholmSweden Division of Integrated Devices and Circuits School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-16440 KistaSweden Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology RWTH Aachen UniversityOtto-Blumenthal-Str.2552074 AachenGermany Advanced NEMS Group École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland Silex Microsystems AB 17526 JärfällaSweden AMO GmbH Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen(AMICA)Otto-Blumnethal-Str.2552074 AachenGermany

Graphene’s unparalleled strength,chemical stability,ultimate surface-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic properties make it an ideal candidate as a material for membranes in micro-and nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS and NEMS).However,the integration of graphene into MEMS or NEMS devices and suspended structures such as proof masses on graphene membranes raises several technological challenges,including collapse and rupture of the *** have developed a robust route for realizing membranes made of double-layer CVD graphene and suspending large silicon proof masses on membranes with high *** have demonstrated the manufacture of square graphene membranes with side lengths from 7µm to 110µm,and suspended proof masses consisting of solid silicon cubes that are from 5µm×5µm×16.4µm to 100µm×100µm×16.4µm in *** approach is compatible with wafer-scale MEMS and semiconductor manufacturing technologies,and the manufacturing yields of the graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were>90%,with>70%of the graphene membranes having>90%graphene area without visible *** measured resonance frequencies of the realized structures ranged from tens to hundreds of kHz,with quality factors ranging from 63 to *** graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were extremely robust,and were able to withstand indentation forces from an atomic force microscope(AFM)tip of up to~*** proposed approach for the reliable and large-scale manufacture of graphene membranes with suspended proof masses will enable the development and study of innovative NEMS devices with new functionalities and improved performances.

关键词： proof characterization hundreds

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Perinatal mental health in China:views of health system professionals in Shanghai

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Global Health Journal 2019年第3期3卷 73-78页

作者： Simone Schwank Helena Lindgren Birgitta Wickberg Yan Ding Ewa Andersson Department of Women's and Children's Health Reproductive HealthKarolinska InstitutetTomtebodavagen 18a17177 StockholmSweden center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research Columbia University1051 Riverside DriveUnit 63New York 10032USA Department of Psychology University of GothenburgPO Box 500Haraldsgatan 141314 GoteborgSweden School of Nursing Fudan University305 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China Nursing Department Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalFudan University419 Fangxie RoadShanghai 200011China

Background:Mental health has recently been receiving a growing amount of attention in China's Mainland,with mental disorders increasingly being recognized as a major public health ***,the treatment gap for mental health care is markedly high in *** research and clinical practice have focused on high-risk physical disorders but overlooked psychosocial factors,especially during the perinatal ***:To explore Chinese professionals'perception and attributions of perinatal mental health in ***:The study was conducted in Shanghai,China,in 2018,drawing on interviews with 15 key informants including health professionals,government officials,and policymakers recruited through snowball *** analysis of the semi-structured interviews was ***:The study yielded insights into the perceptions of perinatal mental health among health professionals in *** themes emerged from the informants'reports:(1)mental health influenced by tradition—describing traditions affecting the perception of mental health at both the societal and individual level;(2)societal changed contributing perinatal mental health problems—referring to a rapidly changing cultural and economic backdrop as a source of stress leading to mental health problems;and(3)existing and required resources—demonstrating a lack of professional training,staff shortages,and inadequacy of resources to provide the required mental health ***:Our results provide new insights into key health professionals'perceptions of mental health problems in *** to seek care owing to a lack of knowledge,and resource shortages in health care systems are obstacles to improve mental health among women in urban China.

关键词： Mental health problems Urban Chinese traditions Public health Perinatal Health care policies Depression Anxiety

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Quantifying Uncertainties in CERES/MODIS Downwelling Radiation Fluxes in the Global Tropical Oceans

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Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2023年第1期2卷 21-43页

作者： Venugopal Thandlam Anna Rutgersson Hasibur Rahaman Mounika Yabaku Venkatramana Kaagita Venkatramana Reddy Sakirevupalli Department of Earth Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden The center for Environment and Development Studies Research Forum(CEFO) Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Meteorology and Oceanography Andhra PradeshIndia Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Science(CNDS) Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden ESSO-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services(INCOIS) HyderabadIndia Department of Computer Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden The Energy and Resources Institute New DelhiIndia Department of Physics Sri Venkateshwara UniversityTirupatiIndia

The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System program,which uses the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(CM),has been updated with the launch of new satellites and the availability of newly upgraded radiation *** spatial and temporal variability of daily averaged synoptic 1-degree CM version 3(CMv3)(old)and version 4(CMv4)(new)downwelling shortwave(QS)and longwave radiation(QL)data in the global tropical oceans spanning 30°S-30°N from 2000 to 2017 is *** in situ data from the Global Tropical Moored Buoy Array were used to validate the CM data from 2000 to *** compared to CMv3,both QS and QL in CMv4 show significant improvements in bias,root-mean-square error,and standard ***,a long-term trend analysis shows that QS has been increasing by 1 W m^(−2) per year in the Southern *** contrast,the Northern Hemisphere has a−0.7 W m^(−2) annual decreasing *** and QL exhibit similar spatial trend ***,in the Indian Ocean,Indo-Pacific warm pool region,and Southern Hemisphere,QL spatial patterns in CMv3 and CMv4 differ with an opposite trend(0.5 W m^(−2)).These annual trends in QS and QL could cause the sea surface temperature to change by−0.2 to 0.3℃per year in the tropical *** results stress the importance of accurate radiative flux data,and CMv4 can be an alternative to reanalysis or other model-simulated data.

关键词： trend tropical Global

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Childhood overweight and risk of obesity-related adult cancer in men

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Cancer Communications 2022年第6期42卷 576-579页

作者： Jimmy Célind Maria Bygdell Jari Martikainen Claes Ohlsson Jenny M Kindblom Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41345Sweden Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical SciencesThe Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41124Sweden Bioinformatics Core Facility Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41124Sweden Department of Drug Treatment Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Vastra GotalandGothenburg 41345Sweden Pediatric Clinical Research center Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Vastra GotalandGothenburg 41345Sweden

Dear Editor,The global burden of cancer is *** list of malignancies regarded as obesity-related continues to expand as evidence accumulates[1,2].Fueled by the ongoing obesity epidemic,obesity has emerged as one of the most important preventable causes of cancerworldwide[1,3].Given the long latency periods of many obesity-related adult cancers,risk factors with onset during early age and accumulation of risks during one’s life course are likely to be of importance[4].

关键词： obesity cancer likely

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Phase-modulated mechanical and thermoelectric properties of Ag_(2)S_(1-x)Te_(x)ductile semiconductors

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第3期8卷 656-661页

作者： Liming Peng Shiqi Yang Tian-Ran Wei Pengfei Qiu Jiong Yang Zhen Zhang Xun Shi Lidong Chen State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China Materials Genome Institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Division of Solid-State Electronics Department of Electrical EngineeringUppsala University75237UppsalaSweden

By virtue of the excellent plasticity and tunable transport properties,Ag_(2)S-based materials demonstrate an intriguing prospect for flexible or hetero-shaped thermoelectric *** them,Ag_(2)S_(1-x)Te_(x)exhibits rich and interesting variations in crystal structure,mechanical and thermoelectric transport ***,Te alloying obviously introduces extremely large order-disorder distributions of cations and anions,leading to quite complicated crystal structures and thermoelectric *** composition-structure-performance correlation of Ag_(2)S_(1-x)Te_(x)still remains to be *** this work,we designed and prepared a series of Ag_(2)S_(1-x)Te_(x)(x=0-0.3)materials with low Te *** discovered that the monoclinic-to-cubic phase transition occurs around x=0.16 at room *** alloying plays a similar role as heating in facilitating this monoclinic-to-cubic phase transition,which is analyzed based on the thermodynamic *** with the monoclinic counterparts,the cubic-structured phases are more ductile and softer in mechanical *** addition,the cubic phases show a degenerately semiconducting behavior with higher thermoelectric performance.A maximum zT=0.8 at 600 K and bending strain larger than 20% at room temperature were obtained in Ag_(2)S_(0.7)Te_(0.3).This work provides a useful guidance for designing Ag_(2)S-based alloys with enhanced plasticity and high thermoelectric performance.

关键词： Thermoelectric materials Ag_(2)S-Ag_(2)Te ductile semiconductors Phase transition Mechanical properties Transport properties

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Fungal diversity notes 1611-1716: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on fungal genera and species emphasis in south China

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Fungal Diversity 2023年第5期122卷 161-403页

作者： Indunil C.Senanayake Walter Rossi Marco Leonardi Alex Weir Mark McHugh Kunhiraman C.Rajeshkumar Rajnish K.Verma Samantha C.Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Nikhil Ashtekar Sreejith K.Ashtamoorthy Sanjay Raveendran Gurmeet Kour Aishwarya Singh Saúl De la Peña-Lastra Antonio Mateos Miroslav Kolařík Vladimír Antonín HanaŠevčíková Fernando Esteve-Raventós Ellen Larsson Fermín Pancorbo Gabriel Moreno Alberto Altés Yolanda Turégano Tian-Ye Du Li Lu Qi-Rui Li Ji-Chuan Kang Sugantha Gunaseelan Kezhocuyi Kezo Malarvizhi Kaliyaperumal Jizhen Fu Milan C.Samarakoon Yusufjon Gafforov Shakhnoza Teshaboeva Pradeep C.Kunjan Arya Chamaparambath Adam Flakus Javier Etayo Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus Mikhail P.Zhurbenko Nimali Ide Silva Danushka S.Tennakoon KPDeepna Latha Patinjareveettil Manimohan KNAnil Raj Mark S.Calabon Abdollah Ahmadpour Zeinab Heidarian Zahra Alavi Fatemeh Alavi Youbert Ghosta Razmig Azizi Mei Luo Min-Ping Zhao Nuwan D.Kularathnage Li Hua Yun-Hui Yang Chun-Fang Liao Hai-Jun Zhao Anis S.Lestari Subashini C.Jayasiri Feng-Ming Yu Lei Lei Jian-Wei Liu Omid Karimi Song-Ming Tang Ya-Ru Sun Yong Wang Ming Zeng Zin H.Htet Benedetto T.Linaldeddu Artur Alves Alan J.L.Phillips Carlo Bregant Lucio Montecchio AndréDe Kesel Vincent P.Hustad Andrew N.Miller Anna G.Fedosova Viktor Kučera Mubashar Raza Muzammil Hussain Yan-Peng Chen Vinodhini Thiyagaraja Deecksha Gomdola Achala R.Rathnayaka Asha J.Dissanayake Nakarin Suwannarach Sinang Hongsanan Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Lakmali S.Dissanayake Nalin N.Wijayawardene Rungtiwa Phookamsak Saisamorn Lumyong E.B.Gareth Jones Neelamanie Yapa Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Ning Xie Mingkwan Doilom Ishara S.Manawasinghe Jian-Kui(Jack)Liu Qi Zhao Biao Xu Kevin D.Hyde Jiage Song Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control On Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225GuangdongChina center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen University3688Nanhai AvenueNanshanShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Sect.Environmental Sciences Department MeSVAUniversity of L’AquilaVia Vetoio67100 CoppitoAQItaly Department of Environmental Biology SUNY-ESF241 Illick Hall1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNY 13210USA National Fungal Culture Collection of India MACS Agharkar Research InstitutePuneMaharashtra 411004India Department of Plant Pathology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaPunjab 141004India center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanChina Department of Forest Ecology Kerala Forest Research InstitutePeechiThrissurKerala 680653India Department of Botany The American CollegeTallakkulamMaduraiTamil Nadu 625002India Department of Zoology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityGaneshkhind RdGaneshkhindPuneMaharashtra 411007India University of Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Sociedad Micológica Extremeña C/Sagitario 1410001 CáceresSpain Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department of Botany Moravian MuseumZelnýtrh 665937 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences(Botany Unit) University of Alcalá28805 Alcaláde HenaresMadridSpain Biological and Enviromental Sciences University of Gothemburgand Gothemburg Global Biodiversity CentreBox 46140530 GöteborgSweden Madrid Mycological Society Real Jardín BotánicoC/Claudio Moyano 128014 MadridSpain State Ke

This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are *** taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical *** *** introduced and accommodated in *** new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,***,***,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,***,***,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,***,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,***,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,***,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma *** provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides *** i

关键词： Agaricomycetes Ascomycota Basidiomycota Dothideomycetes Eurotiomycetes Fungal diversity Geoglossomycetes Geographical distribution Host records Incertae sedis Laboulbeniomycetes Lecanoromycetes Leotiomycetes Novel taxa New combination Oomycota Peronosporea Pezizomycetes Phylogeny Sordariomycetes South Chinese fungi Taxonomy

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Effects of Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode on terrestrial near-surface wind speed over eastern China from 1979 to 2017

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第6期13卷 875-883页

作者： Jin-Lin ZHA Cheng SHEN Jian WU De-Ming ZHAO Wen-Xuan FAN Hui-Ping JIANG Cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang CHEN Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer Over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 004631Sweden International Research center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals(CBAS) Beijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research Institute(AIR)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificación Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CIDE-CSIC)Moncada Valencia 46008Spain

Large-scale ocean‒atmosphere circulations(LOACs)have a pronounced effect on the near-surface wind speed(NSWS).In this study,we discussed the contributions of zonal and meridional flows to NSWS changes and identify the possible association between the Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode(NAM)and the NSWS changes over eastern China from 1979 to *** show that the reduction in NSWS over eastern China was mainly dominated by the weakening of the zonal wind *** has a considerable effect on the NSWS over eastern *** the NAM exhibits positive phases,the zonal-mean westerly weakens at low-to-mid-latitudes(10°-40°N).Meanwhile,descending flows prevail near 40°N,and ascending flows persist near 65°N in the *** the lower troposphere,there are northerly anomalies at low-to-mid-latitudes and southerly anomalies at mid-to-high latitudes(40°-70°N).The anomalous meridional flows transport heat from low to high latitudes and weaken the north‒south air temperature *** decreased air temperature gradient over East Asia reduces the pressure gradient near the surface,decreasing NSWS in eastern *** variations could dominate(32.0±15.8)%of the changes in the annual mean ***,the contribution of NAM to the interannual changes of the zonal component in NSWS could reach(45.0±12.9)%.

关键词： Near-surface wind speed Temperature gradient Pressure gradient Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode Large-scale ocean-atmosphere circulations

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Rising challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China:a predictive study using Markov modeling

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 57-64页

作者： Bing-Ying Li Wen-Pei Shi Chang-Ming Zhou Qi Zhao Vinod K Diwan Xu-Bin Zheng Yang Li Sven Hoffner Biao Xu School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment(Fudan University) National Health CommissionShanghaiChina Department of Cancer prevention Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina Department of Public Health Sciences(Global Health/IHCAR) Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Nephrology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Background:Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)is on the rise in *** study used a dynamic Markov model to predict the longitudinal trends of MDR-TB in China by 2050 and to assess the effects of alternative control ***:Eight states of tuberculosis transmission were set up in the Markov model using a hypothetical cohort of 100000 *** prevalence of MDR-TB and bacteriologically confirmed drug-susceptible tuberculosis(DS-TB+)were simulated and MDR-TB was stratified into whether the disease was treated with the recommended regimen or ***:Without any intervention changes to current conditions,the prevalence of DS-TB+was projected to decline 67.7%by 2050,decreasing to 20 per 100000 people,whereas that of MDR-TB was expected to triple to 58/***,86.2%of the MDR-TB cases would be left untreated by the year of *** the case where MDR-TB detection rate reaches 50%or 70%at 5%per year,the decline in prevalence of MDR-TB would be 25.9 and 36.2%*** the case where treatment coverage was improved to 70%or 100%at 5%per year,MDR-TB prevalence in 2050 would decrease by 13.8 and 24.1%,*** both detection rate and treatment coverage reach 70%,the prevalence of MDR-TB by 2050 would be reduced to 28/100000 by a 51.7%***:MDR-TB,especially untreated MDR-TB,would rise rapidly under China’s current MDR-TB control *** designed to promote effective detection and treatment of MDR-TB are imperative in the fights against MDR-TB epidemics.

关键词： Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis Markov chains Prevalence Prevention and control

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