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Fight or flee,a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Ji Zeng Sshuying Fang Jinquan Guo Min Dong Guo-Bao Tian Liang Tao School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Brest Surgery Panyu Central Hospital.GuangzhouChina Department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Urology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Advanced Medical Technology Center The First Affiliated HospitalZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina School of Medicine Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyangChina Center for Infectious Disease Research Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Research Center for industries of the Future School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections,causing billions of economic losses every year.Its symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening damage to the colon.Transmission and recurrence of c.difficile infection(CDl)are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores,while the virulence of C.difficile is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins,TcdA and TcdB.Producing toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for C.difficile to cope with harsh environmental conditions.It is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for C.difficile to skew to either of the cellular processes.Here,we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in C.difficile and further discuss the potential solutions for yet-to-be-answered questions.

关键词： C.difficile sporulation TcdA TcdB toxin production

Application of Plant-Based Coagulants and Their Mechanisms in Water Treatment:A Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 667-698页

作者： Abderrezzaq Benalia Kerroum Derbal Zahra Amrouci Ouiem Baatache Amel Khalfaoui Antonio Pizzi Higher Normal School of Constantine Ali Mendjeli Nouvelle VilleConstantine25000Algeria Laboratory of Process Engineering for Sustainable Development and Health Products(GPDDPS) Department of Process EngineeringNational Polytechnic School of ConstantineConstantine25000Algeria Department of Environmental Engineering Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Médicament et le Développement Durable(ReMeDD)University of Salah Boubnider Constantine 3El Khroub25012Algeria Laboratory LIPE Faculty Process EngineeringUniversity of Constantine 3Ali Mendjeli Nouvelle VilleConstantine25000Algeria Laboratoire d’Etude et Recherche sur le Matériau Bois(LERMAB).Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Technologies et industries du Bois(ENSTIB)—University of Lorraine Epinal88000France

This review describes the mechanisms of natural coagulants.It provides a good understanding of the two key processes of coagulation-flocculation:adsorption and charge neutralization,as well as adsorption and bridging.Various factors have influence the coagulation/flocculation process,including the effect of pH,coagulant dosage,coagulant type,temperature,initial turbidity,coagulation speed,flocculation speed,coagulation and flocculation time,settling time,colloidal particles,zeta potential,the effects of humic acids,and extraction density are explained.The bio-coagulants derived from plants are outlined.The impact of organic coagulants on water quality,focusing on their effects on the physicochemical parameters of water,heavy metals removal,and bacteriological water quality,is examined.The methods of extraction and purification of plant-based coagulants,highlighting techniques such as solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction,are discussed.It also examines the parameters that influence these processes.The methods and principles of purification of coagulating agents,including dialysis,freeze-drying,ion exchange,electrophoresis,filtration,and centrifugation,are listed.Finally,it evaluates the sustainability of natural coagulants,focusing on the environmental,technical,and economic aspects of their use.At the end of this review,the readers should have a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms,selection,extraction,purification,and sustainability of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment.

关键词： Bio-coagulants coagulating agents extraction water treatment

Boosting extraction of Pb in contaminated soil via interfacial solar evaporation of multifunctional sponge

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第5期8卷 1459-1468页

作者： Pan Wu Xuan Wu Yida Wang Jingyuan Zhao Haolan Xu Gary Owens Future industries Institute UniSA STEMUniversity of South AustraliaMawson Lakes CampusSA 5095Australia

Interfacial solar water evaporation is a reliable way to accelerate water evaporation and contaminant remediation.Embracing the recent advance in photothermal technology,a functional sponge was prepared by coating a sodium alginate(SA)impregnated sponge with a surface layer of reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to act as a photothermal conversion medium and then subsequently evaluated for its ability to enhance Pb extraction from contaminated soil driven by interfacial solar evaporation.The SA loaded sponge had a Pb adsorption capacity of 107.4 mg g^(-1).Coating the top surface of the SA sponge with rGO increased water evaporation performance to 1.81 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)in soil media under one sun illumination and with a wind velocity of 2 m s^(-1).Over 12 continuous days of indoor evaporation testing,the Pb extraction efficiency was increased by 22.0%under 1 sun illumination relative to that observed without illumination.Subsequently,Pb extraction was further improved by 48.9%under outdoor evaporation conditions compared to indoor conditions.Overall,this initial work shows the significant potential of interfacial solar evaporation technologies for Pb contaminated soil remediation,which should also be applicable to a variety of other environmental contaminants.

关键词： Photothermal materials Interfacial solar evaporation Reduced graphene oxide Pb extraction Soil remediation

Recent Development of Steelmaking Process in sumitomo Metals

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S2期18卷 28-35页

作者： Masayuki Kawamoto sumitomo Metal industries Ltd.1-8-11 Harumi Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-6111Japan

sumitomo Metal Ind.is the third place steelmaking company for productivity in Japan.Although,we have some first Japanese innovations results in steelmaking process.In this report,SRP process and some topics for contin... 详细信息

关键词： SRP SSC PCCS AI nozzle continuous casting steelmaking

Behavior of Transversal Crack on Slab Corner During V-H Rolling Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2006年第6期13卷 31-37页

作者： YU Hai-liang LIU Xiang-hua LI Chang-sheng Y. Kusaba State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning China sumitomo Metal industries Ltd Fuso-cho 660 AMAGASAKI Japan

The behavior of transversal cracks on the surface of the slab corner during vertical and horizontal （V-H） rolling process with flat vertical roll and groove vertical roll was simulated by explicit dynamic finite element method. The closure and growth of crack and the contact pressure on surfaces of the crack in contacting zone between slab and roll during rolling process were analyzed. The results showed that during vertical rolling process, when the groove vertical roll is used, the maximum contact pressure on surfaces of the crack is 115 MPa, and the closure of crack is stable when the flat vertical roll is used, the maximum contact pressure on surfaces of the crack is 70 MPa, and it fluctuates greatly. During horizontal rolling process, when groove vertical roll is used, the contact pressure becomes zero which may accelerate the growth of crack when flat vertical roll is used, there is still contact pressure. The cal culated results are in good agreement with the results of test.

关键词： slab crack V-H rolling process FEM

Optimal Dispersion of NZ-DSF in 40 Gbit/s DWDM Transmission

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 535-536页

作者： M. Tanaka J. Kobayashi T. Okuno E. Sasaoka Y. Araya E. Tsumura M. Shigematsu sumitomo Electric industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 Japan

Numerical and experimental verification of optimal dispersion of NZ-DSF in 40Gb/s-based DWDM transmission are performed using 240km simple transmission line. The results show that dispersion of +8ps/nm/km is effective... 详细信息

关键词： DWDM DSF of in

Recent Advances in Holey Fibers and Their Applications

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 1-2页

作者： T.Hasegawa T.Saitoh D.Nishioka T.Hosoya E.Sasaoka sumitomo Electric industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 JapanSumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. 1 Taya-cho Sakae-ku Yokohama 244-8588 Japan

Transmission loss of holey fiber is found to depend on its structure, and to be caused by Rayleigh scattering at glass surface. Under this loss dependence, most promising is optical wiring application, for which fiber... 详细信息

关键词： in be on mode Recent Advances in Holey Fibers and Their Applications of PDI length than high

Prediction of Commuter Vehicle Demand Torque Based on Historical Speed Information

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2022年第4期31卷 362-370页

作者： Shiji Sun Mingxin Kang Yuzhe Li State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process industries Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The development of vehicle-to-everything and cloud computing has brought new opportunities and challenges to the automobile industry.In this paper,a commuter vehicle demand torque prediction method based on historical vehicle speed information is proposed,which uses machine learning to predict and analyze vehicle demand torque.Firstly,the big data of vehicle driving is collected,and the driving data is cleaned and features extracted based on road information.Then,the vehicle longitudinal driving dynamics model is established.Next,the vehicle simulation simulator is established based on the longitudinal driving dynamics model of the vehicle,and the driving torque of the vehicle is obtained.Finally,the travel is divided into several accelerationcruise-deceleration road pairs for analysis,and the vehicle demand torque is predicted by BP neural network and Gaussian process regression.

关键词： demand torque prediction commuter vehicle historical driving data machine learning

Elastic Optimization for Stragglers in Edge Federated Learning

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第4期6卷 404-420页

作者： Khadija Sultana Khandakar Ahmed Bruce Gu Hua Wang Institute for Sustainable industries and Liveable Cities(ISILC) Victoria UniversityMelbourne 3011Australia Intelligent Technology Innovation Lab(ITIL) Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities(ISILC)Victoria UniversityMelbourne 3011Australia. Shandong Computer Science Center(National Supercomputer Center) Jinan 250101China

To fully exploit enormous data generated by intelligent devices in edge computing,edge federated learning(EFL)is envisioned as a promising solution.The distributed collaborative training in EFL deals with delay and privacy issues compared to traditional centralized model training.However,the existence of straggling devices,responding slow to servers,degrades model performance.We consider data heterogeneity from two aspects:high dimensional data generated at edge devices where the number of features is greater than that of observations and the heterogeneity caused by partial device participation.With large number of features,computation overhead on the devices increases,causing edge devices to become stragglers.And incorporation of partial training results causes gradients to be diverged which further exaggerates when more training is performed to reach local optima.In this paper,we introduce elastic optimization methods for stragglers due to data heterogeneity in edge federated learning.Specifically,we define the problem of stragglers in EFL.Then,we formulate an optimization problem to be solved at edge devices.We customize a benchmark algorithm,FedAvg,to obtain a new elastic optimization algorithm(FedEN)which is applied in local training of edge devices.FedEN mitigates stragglers by having a balance between lasso and ridge penalization thereby generating sparse model updates and enforcing parameters as close as to local optima.We have evaluated the proposed model on MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets.Simulated experiments demonstrate that our approach improves run time training performance by achieving average accuracy with less communication rounds.The results confirm the improved performance of our approach over benchmark algorithms.

关键词： edge computing federated learning distributed machine learning regularization stragglers