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Effects of weaning on intestinal longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus function in piglets

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 379-390页

作者： Jing Li Fenfen Liu Kaibin Mo Hengjia Ni Yulong Yin Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessHunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry SciencesSouth Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100008China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Development and Safety Evaluation College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Weaning piglets usually suffer from severe diarrhea(commonly known as postweaning diarrhea,PWD)along with intestinal motility *** peristalsis is mainly regulated by the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus(LM-MP).To understand the relationship between intestinal LM-MP function and the development of PWD,we compared the intestinal electrical activity,and the transcriptional profile of the LM-MP between 21-day-old piglets(just weaned,n=7)and 24-day-old piglets(suffered the most severe weaning stress,n=7).The results showed that 24-day-old piglets exhibited different degrees of diarrhea.A significant increase in the slow-wave frequency in the ileum and colon was observed in 24-day-old piglets,while c-kit expression in the intestinal LM-MPs was significantly decreased,indicating that PWD caused by elevated slow-wave frequency may be associated with loss of *** real-time quantitative PCR(RT-q PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)showed that intestinal LM-MPs in 24-day-old piglets may undergo inflammation and oxidative *** increases in 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and decreases in thioredoxin suggest that weaning may lead to DNA damage in the LM-MP of 24-day-old *** addition,activating transcription factor 3 was significantly upregulated,indicating nerve damage in the LM-MP of 24-day-old *** transcriptomic results showed that most of the differentially expressed genes in the ileal LM-MP after weaning were downregulated and closely related to the cell cycle *** RT-q PCR analysis showed that the relative expression of p21 was upregulated,while the expression of cyclin A2,cyclin B1,and proliferating cell nuclear antigen was downregulated in the ileal and colonic LM-MP of 24-day-old piglets,suggesting that weaning may inhibit cell proliferation and cause G1/S cell cycle arrest in ileal and colonic *** conclusion,weaning may lead to cell cycle arrest by causing DNA damage in the LM-MP,impairing i

关键词： weaning piglets diarrhea longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus

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Surface air temperature change in the Wuyi Mountains,southeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1992-2004页

作者： QIN Yihui WEI Yuxing LU Jiayi MAO Jiahui CHEN Xingwei GAO Lu CHEN Ying LIU Meibing DENG Haijun Institute of Geography Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China National Demonstration center for experimental Geography Education Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China School of Geographical Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Fujian Provincial Engineering research center for Monitoring and Assessing Terrestrial Disasters Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Laboratory for Humid subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China

Detecting changes in surface air temperature in mid-and low-altitude mountainous regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of warming trend with *** use daily surface air temperature data from 64 meteorological stations in Wuyi Mountains and its adjacent regions to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of temperature *** results show that Wuyi Mountains have experienced significant warming from 1961 to *** warming trend of the mean temperature is 0.20℃/decade,the maximum temperature is 0.17℃/decade,and the minimum temperature is 0.26℃/*** 1961-1990,more than 63%of the stations showed a decreasing trend in annual mean temperature,mainly because the maximum temperature decreased during this ***,in 1971-2000,1981-2010 and 1991-2018,the maximum,minimum and mean temperatures *** fastest increasing trend of mean temperature occurred in the southeastern coastal plains,the quickest increasing trend of maximum temperature occurred in the northwestern mountainous region,and the increase of minimum temperature occurred faster in the southeastern coastal and northwestern mountainous regions than that in the central ***,this study suggests that elevation does not affect warming in the Wuyi *** results are beneficial for understanding climate change in humid subtropical middle and low mountains.

关键词： Climate change Surface air temperature Temporal and spatial changes Mann-Kendall nonparametric test Wuyi Mountains

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The co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) and nZnO in saturated soil packed column:effects of ionic strength and pH

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 97-109页

作者： Min Liao Guo Bin Yixin Luo Yuhao Zhang Kangyou Hu Xiongxiong Lu Xiaomei Xie College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityYuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition Yuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China National Demonstration center for experimental Environmental and Resources Education(Zhejiang University) Yuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China

The rapid development and widespread use of ZnO nanoparticles(nZnO) in various industries have raised concerns about their potential environmental ***,understanding the fate and role of nZnO in the natural environment is crucial for mitigating their hazardous effects on the environment and human *** purpose of the present study was to provide scientific support for understanding and eliminating the joint risk of nanoparticle and heavy metal pollution in the soil environment by revealing the co-transport characteristics of Cd(Ⅱ) and ZnO nanoparticles(nZnO) in soil under different ionic strength(IS) and *** impacts of different IS and pH on the co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) and nZnO in a20 cm long with an inner diameter of 2.5 cm acrylic column packed with 10 cm high soil samples were investigated in the present *** the above system,a500 μg L^(-1) Cd(Ⅱ) loaded nZnO suspension pulse with varying IS or pH was introduced into the soil column for leaching over 5 PVs,followed up by 5 PVs background solutions without *** IS was 1,10,or 50 mM NaCl,with pH6,or the pH was 6,7 or 8 with 1 mM ***,Sedimentation experiments for nZnO,adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) on soil,and nZnO,DLVO theory calculation for the same background condition were *** presence of nZnO significantly increased the mobility of Cd(Ⅱ) as a result of its strong adsorption capacity for nZnO-associated Cd(Ⅱ).However,with the increase of IS,the co-transport of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ) was decreased and the retention of nZnO in the soil column due to more nZnO attended to aggregate and sediment during the transport and the decrease in the adsorption capacity of nZnO for Cd(Ⅱ) by competition of Na^(+).When pH was 6,7,and 8,the co-transport of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ) increased with higher pH due to the lower electrostatic attraction between nZnO and soil under higher ***,the DLVO theory was fitted to describe the above co-transport process of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ).More attention should be paid to

关键词： ZnO Nanoparticles Cadimium Soil Co-transport

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Leucine regulates lipid metabolism in adipose tissue through adipokine-mTOR-SIRT1 signaling pathway and bile acid—microbe axis in a finishing pig model

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 158-173页

作者： Yunju Yin Saiming Gong Mengmeng Han Jingzun Wang Hanjing Shi Xianji Jiang Liu Guo Yehui Duan Qiuping Guo Qinghua Chen Fengna Li Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry ProductionChangsha 410125China College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Modern Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Life Science and Engineering Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou 730124China College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410128China

This study was conducted to explore the regulatory mechanism of leucine(Leu)on lipid metabolism of finishing ***-four Duroc×Landrace×Large cross pigs with an average body weight of68.33±0.97 kg were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups with 8 replicates per group(1 pig per replicate).The dietary treatments were as follows:control group(CON),0.25%Leu group and 0.50%Leu *** experimental period was 42 *** results showed as follows.(1)Compared with the CON,0.25%and 0.50%Leu increased(P<0.01)the average daily gain(ADG),while the average backfat thickness(ABT)and the ratio of feed intake to body weight gain(F:G ratio)were decreased(P<0.05).(2)In the 0.25%Leu group,the relative mRNA expression levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP1c),recombinant fatty acid transport protein 1(FATP1),chemerin and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptorγ(PPARγ)were decreased but the level of fatty acid binding protein 4(FABP4)and fatty acid translocase(FAT/CD36)were increased in backfat *** the 0.25%Leu group,the protein levels of p-Rictor,p-Raptor,p-eIF4E-binding protein 1(p-4EBP1),p-silent mating type information regulator 2homolog 1(p-SIRT1)and acetylation ribosome s6 protein kinase 1(Ac—S6K1)were increased(P<0.05).(3)Compared to the CON,the diversity of gut microbiota in the 0.25%Leu group was *** component analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio was higher in the 0.25%Leu group than the CON,but the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Treponema and Shigella was lower than in the CON(P<0.05).(4)Four different metabolites were screened out from the serum of finishing pigs including allolithocholic acid(alloLCA),isolithocholic acid(isoLCA),ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)and hyodeoxycholic acid(HDCA),which correlate to various degrees with the above *** conclusion,Leu could promote adipose tissue lipolysis of finishing pigs through the mTOR-SIRT1 signaling pathway,a

关键词： Leu Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota Bile acid

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SlBEL11 regulates flavonoid biosynthesis,thus fine-tuning auxin efflux to prevent premature fruit drop in tomato

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 749-770页

作者： Xiufen Dong Xianfeng Liu Lina Cheng Ruizhen Li Siqi Ge Sai Wang Yue Cai Yang Liu Sida Meng Cai-Zhong Jiang Chun-Lin Shi Tianlai Li Daqi Fu Mingfang Qi Tao Xu College of Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Collaborative Innovation center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province College of Horticulture ScienceZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of subtropical fruits and Vegetables Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang ProvinceMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Horticulture ScienceZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education Shenyang 110866China Crops Pathology and Genetic research Unit United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceWashingtonDC 20250USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA ANGENOVO Oslo 0753Norway Laboratory of Fruit Biology College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Auxin regulates flower and fruit abscission,but how developmental signals mediate auxin transport in abscission remains ***,we reveal the role of the transcription factor BEL1-LIKE HOMEODOMAIN11(SlBEL11)in regulating auxin transport during abscission in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).SlBEL11 is highly expressed in the fruit abscission zone,and its expression increases during fruit *** of SlBEL11 expression by RNA interference(RNAi)caused premature fruit drop at the breaker(Br)and 3d post-breaker(Br+3)stages of fruit *** and metabolome analysis of SlBEL11-RNAi lines revealed impaired flavonoid biosynthesis and decreased levels of most flavonoids,especially quercetin,which functions as an auxin transport *** suggested that SlBEL11 prevents premature fruit abscission by modulating auxin efflux from fruits,which is crucial for the formation of an auxin response ***,quercetin treatment suppressed premature fruit drop in SlBEL11-RNAi *** affinity purification sequencing(DAP-seq)analysis indicated that SlBEL11 induced expression of the transcription factor gene SlMYB111 by directly binding to its *** immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that *** MYELOBLASTOSIS VIRAL ONCOGENE HOMOLOG111(SlMYB111)induces the expression of the core flavonoid biosynthesis genes SlCHS1,SlCHI,SlF3H,and SlFLS by directly binding to their *** findings suggest that the SlBEL11-SlMYB111 module modulates flavonoid biosynthesis to fine-tune auxin efflux from fruits and thus maintain an auxin response gradient in the pedicel,thereby preventing premature fruit drop.

关键词： abscission auxin flavonoid SlBEL11 tomato

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Phlorizin alleviates deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in brine shrimp Artemia

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 163-173页

作者： Dandan MA Qingli ZHOU Liying SUI Qingbin GUO Huanhuan LIU Honghe LIANG Zhenjing LI Zhongna SANG School of Food Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Asian Regional Artemia Reference center Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology(TUST)Ministry of EducationTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China subtropical Crops research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530001China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China

Deltamethrin(DEL),a commonly used pyrethroid pesticide,results in higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in aquatic animals,which consequently unbalance the redox ***(PHL)is a flavonoid and a natural product promising to prevent or reduce pesticide-induced oxidative *** is a micro-crustacean widely used in marine hatcheries and an experimental aquatic organism for environmental toxicology *** research aimed to evaluate the toxicity of DEL on Artemia and the antioxidative effect of PHL against the *** show that 0.08-mg/mL PHL exerted its antioxidative effects on hatching percentage of the cysts in 24-h incubation and on body length and survival rate of Artemia in 12-d *** 12-d culture,12-,24-,and 36-h DEL exposure showed significant drops in SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px enzyme activities,and significant increases in ROS and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in Artemia(P<0.05).On the contrary,0.08-mg/mL PHL application improved the enzyme activities and decreased the ROS and MDA levels(P<0.05).Moreover,0.08-mg/mL PHL significantly increased mRNA expression levels of Cu/Zn SOD,CAT,GST,HO-1,NQO1,and Nrf2,and decreased mRNA expression level of Keap1 in the DEL-exposed Artemia(P<0.05).Therefore,DEL is toxic to Artemia,while PHL alleviates DEL-induced oxidative damage by possibly regulating the Nrf2signaling *** study provided a theoretical basis for PHL to reduce pesticide-induced toxicity in aquatic animals.

关键词： Artemia deltamethrin phlorizin oxidative stress

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Litter quality and decomposer complexity co-drive effect of drought on decomposition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 329-338页

作者： Shumei Wang Junwei Luan Siyu Li Jinhao Ma Lin Chen Yi Wang Shirong Liu Sanya research Base International Centre for Bamboo and RattanSanya572022China Institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationInternational Centre for Bamboo and RattanBeijing100102China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China experimental center of Tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryPingxiang532600China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu610041China

Litter decomposition is key to ecosystem carbon(C)and nutrient cycling,but this process is anticipated to weaken due to projected more extensive and prolonged *** how litter quality and decomposer community complexity regulate decomposition in response to drought is less ***,in a five-year manipulative drought experiment in a Masson pine forest,leaf litter from four subtropical tree species(Quercus griffthii Hook.f.&Thomson ex Miq.,Acacia mangium Willd.,Pinus massoniana Lamb.,Castanopsis hystrix Miq.)representing different qualities was decomposed for 350 d in litterbags of three different mesh sizes(i.e.,0.05,1,and 5 mm),respectively,under natural conditions and a 50%throughfall rain exclusion *** of increasing mesh sizes discriminate decomposer communities(i.e.,microorganisms,microorganisms and mesofauna,microorganisms and meso-and macrofauna)that access the litter and represent an increasing *** amount of litter C and nitrogen(N)loss,and changes in their ratio(C/N_(loss)),as well as small and medium-sized decomposers including microorganisms,nematodes,and arthropods,were *** found that drought did not affect C and N loss but decreased C/N_(loss)(i.e.,decomposer N use efficiency)of leaf litter irrespective of litter quality and decomposer ***,changes in the C/N_(loss)and the drought effect on C loss were both dependent on litter quality,while drought and decomposer complexity interactively affected litter C and N *** decomposer community complexity enhanced litter decomposition and allowing additional access of meso-and macro-fauna to litterbags mitigated the negative drought effect on the microbial-driven ***,both the increased diversity and altered trophic structure of nematode due to drought contributed to the mitigation effects via cascading *** results show that litter quality and soil decomposer community complexity co-drive the effect of

关键词： Arthropod Drought Decomposer community Nutrient cycling Nematode

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The association of HpDof1.7 and HpDof5.4 with soluble sugar accumulation in pitaya fruit by transcriptionally activating sugar metabolic genes

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第4期6卷 619-628页

作者：牟真靓曾闰曦陈南慧刘宗莉曾泽湘秦永华单伟邝健飞陆旺金陈建业赵亚婷 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of fruits and Vegetables/Engineering research center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation Ministry of EducationCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina

Soluble sugar is one of the most important factors affecting fruit flavor and ***,we report the identification of two Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)transcription factors termed HpDof1.7 and HpDof5.4 and their roles in influencing sugar accumulation in ***1.7 and HpDof5.4 share a similar expression pattern with sugar metabolism-related genes HpSuSy1 and HpINV2,and sugar transporter genes HpTMT2 and HpSWEET14 during pitayas maturation,and their expression pattern was also consistent with the accumulation of glucose and fructose,which were the predominant sugars in ***1.7 and HpDof5.4 were both typical nucleus-localized proteins with trans-activation *** mobility shift assay revealed that HpDof1.7 and HpDof5.4 were bound to promoters of HpSuSy1,HpINV2,HpTMT2 and ***,transient expression assays in tobacco leaves showed that HpDof1.7 and HpDof5.4 increased the activities of HpSuSy1,HpINV2,HpTMT2 and HpSWEET14 promoters,thus facilitating sugar accumulation by transcriptionally enhancing sugar metabolic pathway *** findings provide a new perspective on the regulatory mechanisms of Dof transcription factors in sugar accumulation and pitaya fruit quality formation.

关键词： Pitaya sugar accumulation Dof transcription factors transcriptional activation

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Melatonin retards leaf senescence by modulating phytohormone metabolism in stored Chinese flowering cabbage

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第4期7卷 597-612页

作者：李辰翔申雪萌范中奇陈建业陶能国谭小丽 School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtanChina State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of subtropical Agrobioresources Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and VegetablesGuangdong Vegetables Engineering Research CenterEngineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products PreservationMinistry of EducationCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products College of Food ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina

This paper was conducted to explore the effects of melatonin(MT)on the senescence of stored Chinese flowering cabbage and the potential modulatory mechanisms *** physiological findings demonstrated that MT successfully reduced chlorophyll loss and improved the photochemical effectiveness of cabbage *** addition,MT decreased the transcription of senescence-associated genes(BrSAG12)and genes responsible for chlorophyll *** analysis showed that MT-regulated genes were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation,hormone metabolism and signal transduction,and MT treatment reduced the high expression of genes linked to generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),energy metabolism,phytohormone(abscisic acid(ABA),ethylene(ET),and jasmonic acid(JA))biological synthesis and signal transduction while promoting the activation of genes related to scavenging ROS,energy biosynthesis and plant–pathogen *** emphasized the examination of the potential interaction between phytohormone metabolism and *** results showed that the application of MT decreased ABA,ET,and JA levels as well as the expression of their biosynthesis genes,concurrently maintaining higher expression of cytokinin,auxin and gibberellin biosynthetic genes and lower expression of degradation *** networks of transcription factors(TFs)and genes related to ABA,ET and JA metabolism showed that TFs such as DNA-binding One Zinc Finger 5.7(DOF5.7),WRKY40,and homeobox-leucine zipper protein-16(ATHB-16)might play important transcriptional regulatory roles in mediating MT postponed leaf *** together,these findings suggested that the postponed senescence of cabbage treated with MT might be ascribed to the regulated oxidative phosphorylation,energy,phytohormone metabolism,and transcription factors.

关键词： Cabbage melatonin transcriptome leaf senescence phytohormone

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The secret of the magic gourd(I): biomass from various organizations of ourds as a sustainable source for high-performance supercapacitors

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Shaoqing Zhang Xuchun Wang Tianming Lv Baixue Dong Jiqi Zheng Yang Mu Miao Cui Ting Zhang Changgong Meng College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Anhui Science and Technology University Anhui Province Quartz Sand Purification and Photovoltaic Glass Engineering research center Anhui Science and Technology University Instrumental Analysis center Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Dalian University School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology

The classic cartoon “Calabash Brothers” describes a story of seven brothers born from a magic gourd uniting to defeat powerful enemies. In order to explore the secret of the magic gourd, several transition metals were used to synthesize metal silicates（CMSi） by planted gourd leaves（GLs） and then the C-MSi materials were used to fabricate supercapacitor electrodes and devices with superior electrochemical performance. By integrating theoretical calculations and experimental results, the supercapacitor electrodes and devices obtained from the combination of transition metals with amorphous carbon exhibit superior electrochemical performance. In detail, in the three-electrode system, the NaOH etched materials（C-MSi） exhibited better electrochemical performance(for instance, as for C-CdSi, 607 F g-1at 0.5 A g-1and the capacitance retention of 98.2% after 10,000cycles) than the unetched ones（i-C-MSi）. Hybrid supercapacitor（HSC） devices also achieve very excellent electrochemical properties. Take C-CdSi//AC as an example, the areal specific capacitance with 691 m F cm-2at 2 mA cm-2, the energy density with 5.04 Wh m-2at the power density of 22.2 W m-2and the cycle stability with 87.3% after 6,000 cycles. This approach is very versatile and was also applied to produce many hierarchically structured metal-silicate materials of other biomass precursors,including roots, vines, flowers, fruits and seeds of the planted gourds. Thus, it is a potential way to prepare transition metal silicates using biomaterials for the enhancement of electrochemical performance and improvement of energy storage and conversion. Also, this paper preliminarily reveals the secret of the magic gourd.

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