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Metallogenic mechanisms of super-large Cu and Au deposits in the Dexing region and simulating experiments

Chinese Journal Of geochemistry 2010年第1期29卷 1-14页

作者： WU Xueyi and WANG Zijiang The state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry,Institute of geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 55002,China The state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China

Based on the results of previous studies and under the direction of the theory of "ore deposit genesis",the authors made use of high temperature and high pressure experimental facilities and conditions at the Tectono-geochemistry Research Room under the state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry,Institute of geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and put the focus on the multi-source of tectonically controlling ore-forming materials,the characteristics of multi-stage and multi-episode hydrothermal activities and mineralization and the characteristics of multi-genesis and multi-ore deposition so as to shed light on the metallogenic mechanisms of super-large Cu and Au *** addition simulating experiments were made on multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and rock and ore deformation,multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and mobilization and migration of ore-forming materials,and multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and superimposition and enrichment of ore-forming *** experimental results showed that under the action of multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic stress the deformation and fragmentation of not only rocks and ores have been intensified,and but also the ore-forming materials originally disbursed in the rocks and ores have been mobilized and migrated and superimposed and *** experimental results also provided the scientific experimental data and grounds for deep-going research on the rules of metallogenesis and geneses of super-large ore deposits in the Dexing region,Jiangxi Province.

关键词：成矿机制模拟实验德兴地区金矿床超大型构造地球化学成矿物质来源国家重点实验室

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An experimental study on the solubility of copper bichloride in water vapor

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第3期52卷 395-400页

作者： SHANG LinBo BI XianWu HU RuiZhong FAN WenLing state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Using the solubility method, the solubility of CuCl2 in liquid-undersaturated HCl-bearing water vapor was investigated experimentally at temperatures of 330-370 ℃ and pressures of 4.2-10 MPa. The re-sults have shown that hydration could significantly enhance copper solubility and the concentrations of copper were positively correlated with PH2O. The solubility of copper in vapor phase increased with increasing PH2O at the constant temperature. CuCl2 was transported as hydrated species CuCl2(H2O)ngas in water vapor. The formation of complexes is proposed to be the result of the following reaction: CuCl2solid + nH2Ogas = CuCl2 (H2O)ngas The hydration number n decreased slightly with increasing temperature. Statistical hydration numbers are 4.0, 3.6 and 3.3 at 330, 350 and 370 ℃ , respectively.

关键词：二氯化铜水蒸气溶解度实验研究挥发性金属蒸气输送

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Activation of silicon quantum dots and coupling between the active centre and the defect state of the photonic crystal in a nanolaser

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第6期21卷 234-238页

作者：黄伟其陈汉琼苏琴刘世荣秦朝建 Institute of Nanophotonic Physics Key Laboratory of Photoelectron Technology and ApplicationGuizhou University state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

A new nanolaser concept using silicon quantum dots （QDs） is proposed. The conduction band opened by the quantum confinement effect gives the pumping levels. Localized states in the gap due to some surface bonds on Si QDs can be formed for the activation of emission. An inversion of population can be generated between the localized states and the valence band in a QD fabricated by using a nanosecond pulse laser. Coupling between the active centres formed by localized states and the defect states of the two-dimensional （2D） photonic crystal can be used to select the model in the nanolaser.

关键词： nanolaser Si quantum dots localized states photonic crystal

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Advances in geochemical research on nanometer materials

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第4期16卷 331-337页

作者： ZHU Xiaoqing and WANG Zhonggang key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry, Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Important advances have been made in the field of geochemistry since nanometer science and technology were introduced into the field of geoscience. The nanometer particulates have been discovered in naturally-occurring ore deposits, volcano-eruptive materials and geo-gases, and a more detailed exploration of the metallogenic mechanism of endogenic metallic ore deposits has been conducted. It is considered that some ore-forming metals may transport in the form of native particulates. Because they have very strong capabilities of adsorption, adsorption is always regarded as an important mechanism of metallogenesis under supergenic and low temperature conditions. Therefore, a new technology of ore exploration has also been developed. This paper attempts to review the new advances in geochemical research on nanometer materials, as well as its perspectivess.

关键词： nanometer geochemistry adsorption metallogenic theory prospecting method.

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Lead isotopic composition and lead source of the Tongchanghe basalt-type native copper-chalcocite deposit in Ninglang , western Yunnan , China

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Chinese Journal Of geochemistry 2006年第2期25卷 112-121页

作者：张乾朱笑青张正伟 The key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chine se Academy of Sciences

The Tongchanghe native copper-chalcocite deposit at Ninglang occurs in low-Ti basalts of western Yunnan, and the mode of fault-filling & metasomatism metallogenesis indicates that this deposit is of late-stage hydrothermal origin. This makes it more complicated to define the source of ore-forming materials. This paper introduces the Pb isotope data of Himalayan alkali-rich porphyries, regional Early-Middle Proterozoic metamorphic rock basement and various types of rocks of the mining district in western Yunnan with an attempt to constrain the origin of the Tongchanghe native copper-chalcocite deposit at Ninglang. The results showed that the ores are relatively homogeneous in Pb isotopic composition, implying a simple ore-forming material source. The three sets of Pb isotopic ratios in the Himalayan alkali-rich porphyries are all higher than those of the ores; the regional basement metamorphic rocks show a wide range of variations in Pb isotopic ratio, quite different from the isotopic composition of ore lead; the Pb isotopic composition of the Triassic sedimentary rocks and mudstone and siltstone interbeds in the Late Permian Heinishao Formation (corresponding to the forth cycle of basaltic eruption) in the mining district has the characteristics of radiogenic lead and is significantly different from the isotopic composition of ore lead; like the ores, the Emeishan basalts in the mining district and those regionally distributed possess the same Pb isotopic composition, showing a complete overlap with respect to their distribution range. From the above, the possibilities can be ruled out that the ore-forming materials of the Tongchanghe deposit were derived from the basement, a variety of Himalayan magmatic activities, etc. It is thereby defined that the ore-forming materials were derived largely from the Emeishan basalts. From the data available it is deduced that the native cupper-chalcocite-type metallogenesis that occurred in the Emeishan basalt-distributed area

关键词：云南同位素玄武岩辉铜矿沉积物

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The effects of clay minerals and organic matter on nanoscale pores in Lower Paleozoic shale gas reservoirs, Guizhou, China

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第6期37卷 791-804页

作者： Yuantao Gu Quan Wan Wenbin Yu Xiaoxia Li Zhongbin Yu state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Resource and Environment Henan University of Engineering

In organic-rich gas shales, clay minerals and organic matter(OM) have significant influences on the origin, preservation, and production of shale gas. Because of the substantial role of nanoscale pores in the generation,storage, and seepage of shale gas, we examined the effects of clay minerals and OM on nanoscale pore distribution characteristics in Lower Paleozoic shale gas *** the Niutitang and Longmaxi shales as examples, we determined the effects of clay minerals and OM on pores through sedimentation experiments. Field emission–scanning electron microscopy combined with low-pressure N2 adsorption of the samples before and after sedimentation showed significant differences in pore location and pore size distribution between the Niutitang and Longmaxi shales. Nanoscale pores mostly existed in OM in the Longmaxi shale and in clay minerals or OM–clay composites in the Niutitang shale. The distribution differences were attributed largely to variability in thermal evolution and tectonic development and might account for the difference in gas-bearing capacity between the Niutitang and Longmaxi reservoirs. In the nanoscale range, mesopores accounted for 61–76% of total nanoscale pore *** developed nanoscale pores in OM were distributed in a broad size range in the Longmaxi shale, which led to good pore connectivity and gas *** narrow pores(i.e., pores \ 20 nm) in OM–clay composites were found in the Niutitang shale, and might account for this shale's poor pore connectivity and low gas production efficiency. Enhancing the connectivity of the mesopores(especially pores \ 20 nm and those developed in OM–clay composites) might be the key to improving development of the Niutitang shale. The findings provide new insight into the formation and evolutionary mechanism of nanoscale pores developed in OM and clay minerals.

关键词： Nanoscale pore Clay minerals Organic matter OM-clay composites Pore distribution characteristics Pore connectivity

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Lead isotopic systematics for native copper-chalcocite mineralization in basaltic lavas of the Emeishan large igneous province, SW China: Implications for the source of copper

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Chinese Journal Of geochemistry 2009年第1期28卷 1-18页

作者： ZHANG Qian The state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

The Emeishan continental flood basalt, which is widespread in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces of Southwest China, is the volcanic product of a Permian mantle plume, and native copper-chalcocite mineralization associated with the basalt is very common in the border area of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. The mineralization occurred in the tuff intercalation and terrestrial sedimentary rock intercalation which were formed during the main period of basalt eruption. The orebodies are controlled by the stratigraphic position and faults. Metal ore minerals in the ores are mainly native copper, chalcocite and tenorite, with small amounts of chalcopyrite, bomite, pyrite and malachite, and sometimes with large amounts of bitumen, carbon and plant debris. Several decades of ore deposits are distributed in the neighboring areas of the two provinces, while most of them are small-scale deposits or only ore occurrences. By comparing the lead isotopic composition of the ores with that of the wall-rocks, cover and basement rocks of various periods, the source of copper in this type of ore deposits was studied in this paper. The results showed that: (1) The Pb isotopic composition of the ores from ten deposits is absolutely different from that of siliceous-argillaceus rocks of the Upper Permian Xuanwei Formation, limestones of the Lower Permian Series and Carboniferous, Cambrian sandstone-shale and recta-sedimentary rock and dolomite from the upper part of the Meso-Proterozoic Kunyang Group. This indicates that ore lead was derived neither from the cover rock nor from the basement rocks; (2) Although the Neo-Proterozoic Siman dolomite and silicalite, and dolomite in the lower part of the Kunyang Group are similar in Pb isotopic composition to the ores, lead and copper contents in these rocks are very low and they have not made great contributions to copper mineralization; (3) The ores have the same Pb isotopic composition as the basalt, the latter being enriched in copper. These

关键词：玄武岩自然铜-辉铜矿矿床成矿

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Marine Redox Conditions in the Early Cambrian Ocean: Insights from the Lower Cambrian Phosphorite deposits, South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第2期27卷 282-296页

作者： Haifeng Fan Hanjie Wen Xiangkun Zhu state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

It is generally considered that a significant change in oceanic redox conditions occurred during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition. However, there are currently two major conflicting views on the degree of oxygenation of deep water（oxic vs. ferruginous） during this interval. To date, the oxygenation conditions of the Early Cambrian ocean have not been well constrained. The oxygenation magnitude and mechanism of the Early Cambrian ocean could be critical to the significant biological evolution of the ＂Cambrian Explosion＂. To constrain the Early Cambrian oceanic redox environment, we conducted an integrated study on iron and sulfur isotopes and redox-sensitive elements（Mo, U, and V） of Lower Cambrian phosphorite deposits from two shallow sections（Meishucun and Gezhongwu） and a deeper water section（Zunyi） from the Yangtze Platform, South China. The near zero δ^（56）Fe values from the two shallow sections studied here reflect oxic conditions in the lower phosphorite deposition. An obvious positive shift in δ^（56）Fe and redox-sensitive element content was observed in the middle parts of the two shallow water sections, which might reflect loss of light iron by dissimilatory iron reduction during early diagenesis under suboxic shallow water in the platform. However, the highly positive δ^（56）Fe values in the deep section could reflect a lower oxidation degree of dissolved Fe（II） under anoxic deep water. The data suggest redox-stratified oceanic conditions during the Early Cambrian, in which completely oxygenated shallow water（platform） coexisted with anoxic deep water（slope）. We propose that prolonged upwelling of dissolved organic carbon（DOC）-, Fe（II）- and phosphorus-rich anoxic deep water in a redox-stratified ocean could have increased exchange with the open ocean, resulting in major phosphorite deposition in oxic-suboxic conditions. The progressive oxygenation of the ocean may have facilitated the Early Cambrian biotic diversification.

关键词： Early Cambrian redox-stratified ocean southern China iron isotope phosphorite.

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REE Characteristics of a New Uranium Mineral from the Xianshi Uranium deposit, South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1667-1669页

作者： LUO Jincheng HU Ruizhong BI Xianwu CHEN Youwei state key laboratory of ore deposit geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geological Sciences University of Manitoba

Objective Galuskin et al. （2011） firstly discovered that vorlanite （CaU^6＋/4＋）04 is a rare Ca-rich mineral with a fluorite-type structure, which is isostructural with uraninite （U^4＋O2）. Previous studies of the Xianshi granite-related uranium deposit reported that uraninite and pyrite are the major ore minerals whereas galena, clausthalite （PbSe）, and pyrite are minor phases in the ores. A more detailed petrographic and geochronological study of the uranium minerals from the Xianshi deposit showed that there are three distinct types of uraninite-bearing assemblages which formed at three mineralization episodes （Fig. la; Luo et al., 2015）.

关键词： REE Characteristics of a New Uranium Mineral from the Xianshi Uranium deposit Ca South China

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Quantitatively Evaluating the Erosion and Preservation of Supergene Oxide Zones:Evidence from the Yulong Porphyry Cu deposit,Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 280-282页

作者： Xiao-Dong Deng Jian-Wei Li state key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

*** and erosion of sulfide ore deposits are important for understanding the post-mineralization processes that have significant effects on the preservation of primary orebodies(Velasco et al.,2013;Braxton et al.,2009;Brimhall et al.,1985).Supergene oxide zones are often developed in sulfide ore deposits,and are mainly composed of iron oxides and hydroxides zones in weathering profile(Andrew,1984;Thornber et al.,1981).

关键词： Eastern Tibetan weathering

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