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A taxonomic revision of Ulota Mohr （Orthotrichaceae） in South and Central America

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植物分类与资源学报 2016年第2期38卷 82-109页

作者： QinghuaWang Yu Jia State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Twenty-three species of Ulota from South and Central America have previously been reported.A revision of the species suggests that number should be reduced to thirteen(U.billbuckii,U.fuegiana,U.germana,U.larrainii,U.luteola,U.macrocalycina,U.macrodontia,U.magellanica,U.phyllantha,U.pusilla,U.pycnophylla,U.rhytiore and U.streptodon) with eight names(U.aurantiaca = U.pycnophylla,U.carinata = U.fuegiana,U.fernandeziana = U.fuegiana,U.glabella = U.fuegiana,U.lativentrosa = U.pusilla,U.lobbiana = U.germana,U.pygmaeothecia = U.luteola and U.rufula = U.germana) reduced to synonyms,as well as three varieties(U.fuegiana var.crispata = U.fuegiana,U.rufula var.fagicola = U.germana and U.rufula var.patagonica = U.fuegiana).The taxonomic status of two names(U.angustissima and U.ventricosa) remains ambiguous.The typification of five names(U.macrodontia,U.magellanica,U.nothofagi,U.persubulata and U.pygmaeothecia) is proposed here.With the first report of U.crispa for South America,the total number of species accepted here for this region is fourteen.Two species(i.e.U.phyllantha and U.crispa) occur in both Hemispheres,one species(i.e.U.rhytiore) is only present in the Northern Hemisphere,whereas the remaining eleven species are all restricted to the Southern Hemisphere.Among them,nine(U.billbuckii,U.fuegiana,U.larrainii,U.macrocalycina,U.macrodontia,U.magellanica,U.pusilla,U.pycnophylla and U.streptodon) are restricted to South America,and two(U.germana and U.luteola) are distributed in South America and Oceania.The peristomes and spores of seven accepted species are illustrated in SEM micrographs.A key to all accepted species as well as descriptions,illustrations,synonyms,ecological and geographic distributions,and discussions are provided.

关键词：大洋洲南美前体细胞淋巴母细胞白血病淋巴瘤氢离子浓度显微镜检查电子扫描胰岛素印迹法 DNA 中美洲

Pollen Morphology of the Platycodonoid Group (Campanulaceae s.str.) and Its systematic Implications

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第10期54卷 773-789页

作者： HONG De-Yuan PAN Kai-Yu state key laboratory of systematic&evolutionary botany Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

In this study, we examined the pollen morphology of the platycodonoid group in Campanulaceae s. str. using a scanning electronic microscope. We used pollen grains of 25 accessions representing 24 species of the Codonopsis complex （including Campanumoea, Cyclocodon, Leptocodon, and all three subgenera of Codonopsis）, which is extremely controversial among authors for taxonomic treatment. Pollen morphology of all the other genera in the group observed by previous authors is taken into account in our discussion. A total of nine pollen types with two subtypes in the group were recognized and named for the first time. Molecular and morphological data imply that each pollen type corresponds to a natural group at generic level, and thus the mergence of Leptocodon with Codonopsis and the restoration of Cyclocodon as a separate genus are justifiable, and Codonopsis subg. Pseudocodonopsis, subg. Obconicicapsula, and two species of Codonopsis subg. Codonopsis （C. purpurea and C. chimiliensis） may be better classified as three independent genera separate from the core Codonopsis.

关键词： Campanulaceae s. str. platycodonoid group Codonopsis complex pollen morphology pollen type taxonomy systematics.

Genetic Contribution of Paleopolyploidy to Adaptive Evolution in Angiosperms

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 59-71页

作者： Shengdan Wu Baocai Han Yuannian Jiao State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ancient whole-genome duplications (WGDs or polyploidy) are prevalent in plants, and some WGDs occurred during the timing of severe global environmental changes. It has been suggested that WGDs may have contributed to plant adaptation. However, this still lacks empirical evidence at the genetic level to support the hypothesis. Here, we investigated the survivors of gene duplicates from multiple ancient WGD events on the major branches of angiosperm phylogeny, and aimed to explore genetic evidence supporting the significance of polyploidy. Duplicated genes co-retained from three waves of independent WGDs (～120 million years ago [Ma], ～66, and key factors which may have contributed to the robustness of the critical stress-related pathways. In addition, genome-wide transcription factors (TFs) functioning in stresses tend to retain duplicates after waves of WGDs, and the coselected gene duplicates in many lineages may play critical roles during severe environmental stresses. Collectively, these results shed new light on the significant contribution of paleopolyploidy to plant adaptation during global environmental changes in the evolutionary history of angiosperms.

关键词： whole-genome duplication paleopolyploidy adaptive evolution phylogenomic Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary gene regulatory network

A new type of cell related to organ movement for selfing in plants

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 190-203页

作者： Yin-Zheng Wang Yan-Xiang Lin Qi Liu Jing Liu Spencer C.H.Barrett State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences China National Botanical Garden College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Ecology and evolutionary Biology University of Toronto

Many plants employ osmotic and hydrostatic pressure to generate movement for survival,but little is known about the cellular mechanisms involved.Here,we report a new cell type in angiosperms termed ’contractile cells’ in the stigmas of the flowering plant Chirita pumila with a much-expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER).Cryo-scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the RER is continuously distributed throughout the entirety of cells,confirmed by endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-specific fluorescent labeling,and is distinct from the common feature of plant ER.The RER is water-sensitive and extremely elongated with water absorption.We show that the contractile cells drive circadian stigma closing-bending movements in response to day-to-night moisture changes.RNA-seq analyses demonstrated that contractile cells have distinct molecular components.Furthermore,multiple microstructural changes in stigma movements convert an anti-selfing structure into a device promoting selfing—a unique cellular mechanism of reproductive adaptation for uncertain pollination environments.

关键词： stigma movement rough endoplasmic reticulum contractile cells circadian moisture changes reproductive transition

De novo assembly of white poplar genome and genetic diversity of white poplar population in Irtysh River basin in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第5期62卷 609-618页

作者： Yan-Jing Liu Xiao-Ru Wang Qing-Yin Zeng state key laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Chinese Academy of Forestry State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Ecology and Environmental Science UPSCUmea University

The white poplar(Populus alba) is widely distributed in Central Asia and Europe. There are natural populations of white poplar in Irtysh River basin in China. It also can be cultivated and grown well in northern China. In this study, we sequenced the genome of P. alba by single-molecule real-time technology. De novo assembly of P. alba had a genome size of 415.99 Mb with a contig N50 of 1.18 Mb. A total of 32,963 protein-coding genes were identified. 45.16% of the genome was annotated as repetitive elements. Genome evolution analysis revealed that divergence between P. alba and Populus trichocarpa(black cottonwood)occurred ～5.0 Mya(3.0, 7.1). Fourfold synonymous third-codon transversion(4 DTV) and synonymous substitution rate(ks)distributions supported the occurrence of the salicoid WGD event(～ 65 Mya). Twelve natural populations of P. alba in the Irtysh River basin in China were sequenced to explore the genetic diversity. Average pooled heterozygosity value of P. alba populations was 0.170±0.014, which was lower than that in Italy(0.271±0.051) and Hungary(0.264±0.054). Tajima's D values showed a negative distribution, which might signify an excess of low frequency polymorphisms and a bottleneck with later expansion of P.alba populations examined.

关键词： Populus alba de novo assembly genetic diversity population expansion

Less Is More, Natural Loss-of-Function Mutation Is a Strategy for Adaptation

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 34-42页

作者： Yong-Chao Xu Ya-Long Guo State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Gene gain and loss are crucial factors that shape the evolutionary success of diverse organisms.In the past two decades,more attention has been paid to the significance of gene gain through gene duplication or de novo genes.However,gene loss through natural loss-of-function(LoF)mutations,which isprevalent in the genomes of diverse organisms,has been largely ignored.With the development of sequencing techniques,many genomes have been sequenced across diverse species and can be used to study the evolutionary patterns of gene loss.In this review,we summarize recent advances in research on various aspects of LoF mutations,including their identification,evolutionary dynamics in natural populations,and functional effects.In particular,we discuss how LoF mutations can provide insights into the minimum gene set(or the essential gene set)of an organism.Furthermore,we emphasize their potential impact on adaptation.At the genome level,although most LoF mutations are neutral or deleterious,at least some of them are under positive selection and may contribute to biodiversity and adaptation.Overall,we highlight the importance of natural LoF mutations as a robust framework for understanding biological questions in general.

关键词： adaptive evolution biodiversity essential genes loss-of-function natural variation

Evolution of genes and genomes in the genomics era

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 602-605页

作者： Song Ge Ya-Long Guo State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences100093 BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina

During recent decades,we have witnessed substantial technological advances and revolutions in DNA sequencing.The range and scope of DNA sequencing applications has expanded tremendously,which have impacted all the disciplines of life sciences and even beyond(Shendure et al.,2017).The low-cost,high-throughput sequencing has brought vast new molecular and genomic data from both model and non-model organisms,and enables us to study the patterns and processes of evolution and the mechanisms underlying in an unprecedented scale and depth.In particular,genomic data plus sophisticated computational techniques and molecular biology have been combined in the dimension of evolution.

关键词： expanded enable Evolution

Introduction of barley to the Tibetan Plateau: an important step toward Tibetan civilization

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 1014-1014页

作者： Song Ge State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences NSR

Domestication is generally defined as a distinctive coevolutionary, mutualistic relationship between domesticator and domesticate [1] and represents a critical evolutionary transition in human history with profound and lasting global impacts [1,2].Crop domestication consists of numerous outstanding examples of coevolution between humans and

关键词： Introduction of barley to the Tibetan Plateau an important step toward Tibetan civilization

Six new species of Elatostema( Urticaceae) from Yunnan

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植物分类与资源学报 2016年第1期38卷 19-25页

作者： Wentsai Wang Zengyuan Wu State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Six new species of the genus Elatostema( Urticaceae),E. dentatocaudatum,E. baoshanense,E. cuipingfengense,E.viridicostatum,E.flexuosicaule and E.globosostigmatum,from Yunnan Province,China are described and illustrate... 详细信息

关键词：植物学植物分类植物生态学植物演化