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Virologica Sinica 2019年第6期34卷 712-721页

作者： Yan Wang Qingyun Cai Jiannan Chen Zhihong Huang Wenbi Wu Meijin Yuan Kai Yang state key laboratory of biocontrol Sun Yat-sen University

Our previous study has shown that the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV) p48(ac103)gene is essential for the nuclear egress of nucleocapsids and the formation of occlusion-derived virions(ODVs). However,the exact role of p48 in the morphogenesis of ODVs remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that p48 was required for the efficient formation of intranuclear microvesicles. To further understand its functional role in intranuclear microvesicle formation, we characterized the distribution of the P48 protein, which was found to be associated with the nucleocapsid and envelope fractions of both budded virions and ODVs. In Ac MNPV-infected cells, P48 was predominantly localized to nucleocapsids in the virogenic stroma and the nucleocapsids enveloped in ODVs, with a limited but discernible distribution in the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, intranuclear microvesicles, and ODV envelope. Furthermore,coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that among the viral proteins required for intranuclear microvesicle formation, P48 associated with Ac93 in the absence of viral infection.

关键词： P48 Baculovirus Intranuclear microvesicle formation Protein association Ac93

Decoupling gene functions from knockout effects by evolutionary analyses

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National Science Review 2020年第7期7卷 1169-1180页

作者： Li Liu Mengdi Liu Di Zhang Shanjun Deng Piaopiao Chen Jing Yang Yunhan Xie Xionglei He state key laboratory of biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University

Genic functions have long been confounded by pleiotropic mutational effects. To understand such genetic effects, we examine HAP4, a well-studied transcription factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that functions by forming a tetramer with HAP2, HAP3 and HAP5. Deletion of HAP4 results in highly pleiotropic gene expression responses, some of which are clustered in related cellular processes(clustered effects) while most are distributed randomly across diverse cellular processes(distributed effects). Strikingly, the distributed effects that account for much of HAP4 pleiotropy tend to be non-heritable in a population,suggesting they have few evolutionary consequences. Indeed, these effects are poorly conserved in closely related yeasts. We further show substantial overlaps of clustered effects, but not distributed effects, among the four genes encoding the HAP2/3/4/5 tetramer. This pattern holds for other biochemically characterized yeast protein complexes or metabolic pathways. Examination of a set of cell morphological traits of the deletion lines yields consistent results. Hence, only some deletion effects of a gene support related biochemical understandings with the rest being often pleiotropic and evolutionarily decoupled from the gene's normal functions. This study suggests a new framework for reverse genetic analysis.

关键词： pleiotropy mutational effects heritability reverse genetics gene function

Replies to the commentaries on the question of ‘Is it time to abandon the biological species concept?’

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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1407-1409页

作者： Chung-I Wu Xinfeng Wang Ziwen He Suhua Shi state key laboratory of biocontrol Guangdong Key Lab of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University

In reassessing the biological species concept(BSC), the central disagreement is whether the concept of species should be linked to the process of species formation. Here, we argue that species should be, and can only be, defined in the context of the process of speciation. By evaluating BSC this way, we find the large body of genomic evidence on ‘speciation with gene flow’ does not constitute sufficient evidence to reject BSC. Whether and how BSC should be continually re-examined in light of the genomic evidence will be the crux of the debate on species and their origin.

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Heightened protein-translation activities in mammalian cells and the disease/treatment implications

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National Science Review 2020年第12期7卷 1851-1855页

作者： Chung-I Wu Haijun Wen state key laboratory of biocontrol School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen University

After cells divide,the new cells have to synthesize all the necessary cellular components in time for the next *** is a lower bound of time required for cells to double their *** mammalian cells,this lower bound may b...

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Genes and speciation: is it time to abandon the biological species concept?

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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1387-1397页

作者： Xinfeng Wang Ziwen He Suhua Shi Chung-I Wu state key laboratory of biocontrol Guangdong Key Lab of Plant Resources School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago

The biological species concept(BSC) is the cornerstone of neo-Darwinian thinking. In BSC, species do not exchange genes either during or after speciation. However, as gene flow during speciation is increasingly being reported in a substantial literature, it seems time to reassess the revered, but often doubted, *** to the common perception, BSC should expect substantial gene flow at the onset of speciation, not least because geographical isolation develops gradually. Although BSC does not stipulate how speciation begins, it does require a sustained period of isolation for speciation to complete its course. Evidence against BSC must demonstrate that the observed gene flow does not merely occur at the onset of speciation but continues until its completion. Importantly, recent genomic analyses cannot reject this more realistic version of BSC, although future analyses may still prove it wrong. The ultimate acceptance or rejection of BSC is not merely about a historical debate; rather, it is about the fundamental nature of species – are species(and, hence, divergent adaptations) driven by a relatively small number of genes, or by thousands of them? Many levels of biology, ranging from taxonomy to biodiversity, depend on this resolution.

关键词： speciation species concept gene flow geographical isolation allopatry

CLIP: viewing the RNA world from an RNA-protein interactome perspective

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第1期58卷 75-88页

作者： ZHANG Yin XIE ShuJuan XU Hui QU LiangHu key laboratory of Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for BiocontrolSun Yat-Sen University

The pervasive transcription of the genome creates many types of non-coding RNAs(nc RNAs).However,we know very little regarding the functions and the regulatory mechanisms of these nc *** the interactions of RNA and RNA binding proteins(RBPs) is vital because it can allow us to truly understand how these nc RNAs behave in ***-throughput sequencing of RNA isolated by cross-linking immunoprecipitation(HITS-CLIP or CLIP-seq) and its variants have been successfully used as systemic techniques to study RBP binding *** this review,we will explain the major differences between the CLIP techniques,summarize successful applications of these techniques,discuss limitations of CLIP,present some suggested solutions and project their promising future roles in studying the RNA world.

关键词： CLIP CLASH RPBs nc RNAs functional RNomics

Cryptotanshinone suppresses key onco-proliferative and drugresistant pathways of chronic myeloid leukemia by targeting STAT5 and STAT3 phosphorylation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第9期61卷 999-1009页

作者： Bowen Dong Zirui Liang Zhirong Chen Bin Li Lingling Zheng Jianhua Yang Hui Zhou Lianghu Qu key laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol Sun Yat-sen University

C-Myc and signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) family proteins have been proposed to be important downstream genes of BCR-ABL, which characterizes most cases of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML). Here, we report a c-Myc pathway-targeted screening of seven natural anticancer compounds, in which we identified cryptotanshinone as a highly promising agent for CML therapy. Cryptotanshinone depletes c-Myc in CML by repressing the phosphorylation of *** viability of K562 cells correlated with p-STAT5 suppression. Unexpectedly, imatinib activates rather than inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3 in K562 cells. We demonstrated that cryptotanshinone, as a dual inhibitor of p-STAT5 and p-STAT3,can effectively block IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation and reverse BCR-ABL kinase-independent drug resistance. Moreover, we showed that the epigenetic rebalance between decreased BCR-ABL/STAT5/c-Myc and enhanced STAT3/multi-drug resistance(MDR) pathways is characteristic of the cancer stem cell-like property of K562/ADR. Simultaneously suppressing these two pathways using cryptotanshinone proves to be critical for the malignant network redress and MDR reversal of K562/ADR. These studies reveal the dual functions of cryptotanshinone that suppress key oncogenic proliferation and drug-resistant pathways in CML cells by targeting p-STAT5 and p-STAT3, providing a new strategy for CML therapy that takes advantage of natural products.

关键词： p-STAT3/5 microRNA CML MDR

Effects of back fat,growth rate,and age at first mating on Yorkshire and Landrace sow longevity in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第12期15卷 2809-2818页

作者： HU Bin MO De-lin WANG Xiao-ying LIU Xiao-hong CHEN Yao-sheng state key laboratory of biocontrol School of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen University

In the present study, genetic parameters for longevity and genetic correlations with back fat （BF）, average daily gain （ADG）, and first mating age （FMA） were estimated from 19 300 Yorkshire and 18 378 Landrace sows from 12 farms derived from one breeding system. General linear models （GLM） were employed to estimate genetic correlations with heritability （h2）. Longevity was defined by six different parameters （i.e., traits） and heritability ranged from h2=0.13 to 0.16 （P〈0.05） in both swine breeds. Genetic correlations between different longevity definitions were positive and high （r=0.79 to 0.99; P〈0.05）. BF exhibited low positive genetic correlations （r=0.12 to 0.15; P〈0.05） with longevity traits identified in both pig breeds which were dependent on trait definition, whereas ADG and FMA showed weak negative genetic correlations with longevity traits. The influence of BF, ADG, and FMA on longevity traits was examined by dividing the production and reproductive traits into several numerical groups; the influence of each longevity trait was subsequently analyzed among the different groups. The results indicated BF was the best trait to improve longevity among BF, ADG, and FMA, which showed positive effects for almost all longevity traits. For Yorkshire sows, gilts with over 18 mm BF were most desirable; Landrace with 10.6-13 mm BF were suitable for longevity. ADG was not favorable for gilt selection, because the correlation between growth rate and longevity very low. For FMA, our results indicated gilts mating before 230 days exhibited a longer life span. Therefore, we suggest farmers should select for thicker back fat and mate at an earlier age to improve sow longevity.

关键词： sow longevity back fat average daily gain first mating age

Earliest fossil fruit record of the genus Paliurus(Rhamnaceae) in Eastern Asia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第4期59卷 824-830页

作者： HAN Meng CHEN Gang SHI XiangGang JIN JianHua state key laboratory of biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen University

The genus Paliurus is characterized by its distinctive orbicular-winged fruits and a trilocular(or bilocular) ovary. Macrofossil records suggested this genus was distributed widely in North America, Europe, and Asia during the Paleogene and Neogene, before its present limitation to Eurasia. In this study, we describe some Paliurus fossil winged fruits from the lower part of Youganwo Formation(middle Eocene) and Huangniuling Formation(late Eocene) of the Maoming Basin, South China. These fruits are recognized as Paliurus favonii Unger based on a detailed study on the fossil morphology and cuticle characteristics. This represents the earliest occurrence of Paliurus fossil fruits in eastern Asia, and to date is the world's lowest latitude appearance for this genus. The most ancient records of Paliurus throughout the world are from the middle Eocene of North America and the late Eocene of Japan, leading some researchers to conclude the Paliurus may have originated in North America. Molecular data, however, do not support this hypothesis. The present Paliurus fossil fruits provide new evidence for the origin and phytogeographic history of this genus.

关键词： Paliurus Fossil fruit Biogeography Eocene South China

Dry deposition velocity of total suspended particles and meteorological influence in four locations in Guangzhou,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第4期24卷 632-639页

作者： Leifu Chen Shaolin Peng Jingang Liu Qianqian Hou state key laboratory of biocontrol School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Dry deposition velocity of total suspended particles （TSP） is an effective parameter that describes the speed of atmospheric particulate matter deposit to the natural surface. It is also an important indicator to the capacity of atmosphere self-depuration. However, the spatial and temporal variations in dry deposition velocity of TSP at different urban landscapes and the relationship between dry deposition velocity and the meteorological parameters are subject to large uncertainties. We concurrently investigated this relationship at four different landscapes of Guangzhou, from October to December of 2009. The result of the average dry deposition velocity is （1.49 ± 0.77）, （1.44 ± 0.77）, （1.13 ±0.53） and （1.82± 0.82） cm/sec for urban commercial landscape, urban forest landscape, urban residential landscape and country landscape, respectively. This spatial variation can be explained by the difference of both particle size composition of TSP and meteorological parameters of sampling sites. Dry deposition velocity of TSP has a positive correlation with wind speed, and a negative correlation with temperature and relative humidity. Wind speed is the strongest factor that affects the magnitude of TSP dry deposition velocity, and the temperature is another considerable strong meteorological factor. We also find out that the relative humidity brings less impact, especially during the dry season. It is thus implied that the current global warming and urban heat island effect may lead to correlative changes in TSP dry deposition velocity, especially in the urban areas.

关键词： dry deposition velocity total suspended particles urban landscapes meteorological parameters