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Fish genome manipulation and directional breeding

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第2期58卷 170-177页

作者： YE Ding ZHU ZuoYan SUN YongHua state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aquaculture is one of the fastest developing agricultural industries *** of the most important factors for sustainable aquaculture is the development of high performing culture *** manipulation offers a powerful method to achieve rapid and directional breeding in *** review the history of fish breeding methods based on classical genome manipulation,including polyploidy breeding and nuclear ***,we discuss the advances and applications of fish directional breeding based on transgenic technology and recently developed genome editing *** methods offer increased efficiency,precision and predictability in genetic improvement over traditional methods.

关键词： fish directional breeding polyploidy breeding nuclear transfer transgenic fish genome editing

ecology of macrozoobenthic communities in two plateau lakes of Southwest China

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第4期26卷 345-352页

作者：崔永德王洪铸 state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Ecological studies on macrozoobenthos were conducted in two small plateau lakes in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Southwest China： Xingyun Lake （XL）, a eutrophic lake whose main source of primary production was phytoplankton （Chl α=99.76±24.01 μg/L）, and Yangzong Lake （YL）, a mesotrophic lake. Sampling was carried out from October 2002 to May 2004. Altogether 23 benthic taxa were identified in XL and 21 taxa in YL. The density of benthos in XL was much lower than that in YL, but the biomass was about equal in the two lakes, being I 423 ind/m^2 and 8.71 g/m^2 in XL and 4 249 ind/m^2 and 8.60 g/m^2 in YL. The dominant species were Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Branchiura sowerbyi, Aulodrilus pluriseta and Chironomus sp. in XL and Limnodrilus hoffrneisteri, Aulodrilus pluriseta and Bellamya sp. in YL. Seasonal fluctuation occurred, showing richer species in summer and winter, but the density and biomass varied in different ways in the two lakes. Analyses on functional feeding groups indicate that collector-gatherers were predominant, but the relative abundances of other groups were different. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the water depth, conductivity and chlorophyll a were the key factors affecting macrozoobenthic abundance in the lakes.

关键词： plateau lakes macrozoobenthos taxonomic composition standing crop functional feeding group environmental analysis

Characteristics of the microbial communities in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1261-1267页

作者： ZHOU Qiaohong,HE Feng,Zhang Liping,WANG Yanfen,WU Zhenbin state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China Department of Biology and Chemistry,City University of Hong Kong state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China

Microorganisms play an important role in removing pollutants from constructed wetlands. We investigated the microbial characteristics in a novel integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland （IVCW）, which has been in operation in Wuhan, China since 1998. We used phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） and amoA gene to analyze the structure and diversity of the microbial community within the IVCW. PLFA results suggested that the amount of bacterial PLFA was significantly higher than that of fungal PLFA, but the total microbial biomass represented by PLFA index was low in the system. Microbial spatial distribution showed significantly higher bacterial （both G^＋ and G^-） and fungal biomass in the surface than in the subsurface layers. The ratios of monounsaturated to branched PLFA demonstrated that an anaerobic layer sandwiched by two aerobic layers existed in the IVCW, consistent with the redox potential results. Analysis of the amoA revealed the presence of Nitrosomonas-like sequences in the surface substrate of the downflow chamber and apparent diversities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the system. These results suggest that microorganisms, despite their relatively low biomass, have inhabited the IVCW, and the results will offer some valuable information on microbe to system designers and managers.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacteria constructed wetland microbial community PLFA

Impacts of CO_2 enrichment on growth and photosynthesis in freshwater and marine diatoms

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第4期26卷 407-414页

作者：胡晗华高坤山 state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology.Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Marine Biology Institute Shantou University

The physiological responses of Nitzschia palea Kvtzing, a freshwater diatom, to elevated CO2 were investigated and compared with those of a marine diatom, Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmermann previously reported. Elevated CO2 concentration to 700 μl/L increased the dissolved inorganic carbon （D!C） and lowered the pH in the cultures of N. palea, thus enhancing the growth by 4%-20% during the whole growth period. High CO2-grown N. palea cells showed lower levels of dark respiration rates and higher Ik values. Light-saturated photosynthetic rates and photosynthetic efficiencies decreased in N. palea with the doubling CO2 concentration in airflow to the bottom of cultures, although the doubling CO2 concentration in airflow to the surface cultures had few effects on these two photosynthetic parameters. N. palea cells were found to be capable of using HCO5 in addition to gaseous CO2, and the CO2 enrichment decreased their affinity for HCO5 and CO2. Although doubled CO2 level would enhance the biomass of N. patea and C. muelleri to different extents, compared with the marine diatom, it had a significant effect on the specific growth rates of N. palea. In addition, the responses of photosynthetic parameters of IV. palea to doubled CO2 concentration were almost opposite to those of C. muelleri.

关键词： carbon dioxide Chaetoceros muelleri elevated CO2 growth Nitzschia palea photosynthesis

Whole-genome sequencing opens a new era for molecular breeding of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 619-620页

作者： HU Wei CHEN Ji state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recently, the genome sequencing of the grass carp （Cte- nopharyngodon idellus） has been jointly completed by re- searchers from Institute of Hydrobiology （Chinese Academy of Sciences）, National Center for Gene Research, and Sun Yat-Sen University. Adopting a whole-genome shotgun sequencing strategy and modified de novo Phusionmeta assembly pipeline, researchers obtained a 0.9 GB draft genome of a female adult grass carp and a 1.07 GB genome of a wild male.

关键词：全基因组测序草鱼分子育种中国科学院中山大学生物研究所鸟枪法测序基因组草图

Interactions between a cyanobacterial bloom (Microcystis) and the submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom.

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第1期27卷 38-42页

作者：李敦海李根保陈武雄刘永定 state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

In aquatic ecosystems, macrophytes and phytoplankton are main primary producers, in which macrophyte plays an important role in maintaining clear water state, while phytoplankton often dominates in turbid waterbodies. In the present study, the growth and photosynthetic activity of the submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom. in different cell densities of cyanobacterial bloom are studied. The results show that the plant length and fresh mass of C. oryzetorum are promoted by low cyanobacterial cell densities. Medium and high cyanobacterial cell densities, on the contrary, act as inhibitory. Furthermore, the photosynthetic activity of C. oryzetorum is strongly inhibited by high cyanobacterial cell densities. To a certain extent, the growth of cyanobacteria is inhibited by C. oryzetorurn, but no significant effect is found in this study.

关键词： Cyanobacterial bloom Ceratophyllum oryzetorum Kom submerged plant photosynthetic activity interaction

Eutrophication: a limiting nutrient is not necessarily an abating factor

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Science Bulletin 2019年第16期64卷 1125-1128页

作者： Hong-Zhu Wang Hai-Jun Wang state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Eutrophication and algal blooms are a global environmental problem. In terms of nutrient control of eutrophic waters, there is still a heated debate on reducing P only or both P and N [1–3].The core question is whether algal communities are P-limited or N-limited or co-limited;the basic assumption is that limiting nutrients are those which should be reduced (2)But, is the assumption really true?The law of limiting factors (so-called Liebig’s Law of the Minimum) was first formed by Sprengel in 1828 in essence. He stated:

关键词： a limiting nutrient factor Eutrophication

Influence of sunlight on the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms and its potential applications in Lake Taihu, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 626-635页

作者： Qichao Zhou Wei Chen Kun Shan Lingling Zheng Lirong Song state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

To learn the relationship between sunlight intensity and cyanobacterial proliferations for the further control of the heavy blooms, enclosure experiment were conducted in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu by regulating the natural light intensities with different shading ratio （0% （full sunlight）, 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of original natural sunlight intensities） from September to November in 2010. The results indicated that phytoplankton biomass （mean） decreased significantly when the shading ratios reached 50% or more. Higher shading ratios （e.g. 75%） were very efficient in controlling the average and total cyanobacterialbloom biomass, while 50% shading ratio was proven very effective either in controlling the peak value of phytoplankton biomass or postponing the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Talhu. In addition, phytoplankton composition and photosynthesis efficiency were also affected by altering the shading ratios, and in turn, they might also act on phytoplankton growth. Based on the results from the present study, intermediate shading strategies such as regulation of water level or turbidity through the hydrology regulations would probably be an effective and efficient method in controlling cyanobacterial blooms in large and shallow lakes.

关键词： light cyanobacterial bloomscontrol Lake Taihu enclosure experiment

Comparative investigation on spindle behavior and MPF activity changes during oocyte maturation between gynogenetic and amphimictic crucian carp

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Cell Research 1999年第2期9卷 145-154页

作者： YANG ZHONG AN QUN HUA LI YU FENG WANG JIAN FANG GUI (state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China) state key laboratory of freshwater ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China

The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp. MPF activity was measured by using histone H1 as phosphorylation substrate. There were two similar oscillatory MPF kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes, but there existed some subtle difference between them. The subtle difference was that the first peak of MPF kinase activity was kept to a longerlasting time in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp than in the amphimictic colored crucian carp. It was suggested that the difference may be related to the spindle behavior changes, such as tripolar spindle formation and spindle rearrangement in the gynogenetic crucian carp.

关键词： Gynogenesis silver crucian carp oocyte maturation MPF kinase tripolar spindle meiosis