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Paediatric and adult colonic manometry: A tool to help unravel the pathophysiology of const.pation

World Journal of Gast.oenterology 2010年第41期16卷 5162-5172页

作者： Philip G Dinning Marc A Benninga Bridget R Southwell S Mark Scott Department of Gast.oenterology St George Hospital University of New South Wales Kogarah Sydney 2217 Australia Department of Pediatric Gast.oenterology and Nutrition Emma Children's Hospital/AMC Amsterdam 1105 AZ The Netherlands Murdoch Childrens Research Inst.tute Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Melbourne 3052 Australia Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne 3052 Australia Queen Mary university London Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry London E11BB United Kingdom

Colonic motility subserves large bowel functions, including absorption, st.rage, propulsion and defaecation. Co-lonic motor dysfunction remains the leading hypothesis to explain symptom generation in chronic const.pation, a heterogeneous condition which is extremely prevalent in the general population, and has huge socioeconomic impact and individual suffering. Physiological test.ng plays a crucial role in patient management, as it is now accepted that symptom-based assessment, although im-portant, is unsatisfactory as the sole means of directing therapy. Colonic manometry provides a direct method for st.dying motor activities of the large bowel, and this review provides a contemporary underst.nding of how this technique has enhanced our knowledge of normalcolonic motor physiology, as well as helping to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying const.pation. Methodological approaches, including available catheter types, placement technique and recording protocols, are covered, along with a detailed description of re-corded colonic motor activities. This review also criti-cally examines the role of colonic manometry in current clinical practice, and how manometric assessment may aid diagnosis, classification and guide therapeutic inter-vention in the const.pated individual. Most.importantly, this review considers both adult and paediatric patients. Limitations of the procedure and a look to the future are also addressed.

关键词： Colon Const.pation Manometry Paediatric Adult

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Est.mating potential harvest.ble biomass for bioenergy from sust.inably managed private native forest. in Southeast.Queensland, Aust.alia

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Forest.Ecosyst.ms 2018年第1期5卷 62-76页

作者： michael r.ngugi victor j.neldner sean ryan tom lewis jiaorong li phillip norman michelle mogilski department of environment and sciencequeensland herbariumMt Coot-tha RoadToowongQld 4066Australia private forest.y service queensland 8 Fraser RdGympieQld 4570Australa department of agriculture and fisheries university of sunshine coastSippy DownsQld 4556Australia department of environment and science soil and land resources41 Boggo RoadDutton ParkQld 4102Australia university of queensland St LuciaQld 4072Australia

Background： Aust.alia＇s energy future is at the crossroads and the role of renewable sources is in focus. Biomass from sust.inably managed forest. provide a significant opportunity for electricity and heat generation and production of liquid fuels. Aust.alia has extensive native forest. of which a significant proportion are on private land. However, there is limited knowledge on the potential capacity of this resource to contribute to the expansion of a biomass for bioenergy indust.y. In addition, there are concerns on how to reconcile biomass harvest.ng with environmental protection. Methods： We used regional ecosyst.m vegetation mapping for Queensland to st.atify harvest.ble forest. within the 1.8 m hectares of private native forest. present in the Southeast.Queensland bioregion in 2014. We used a dataset of 52,620 individual tree measurements from 541 forest.inventory plots collected over the last.10 years. Tree biomass was est.mated using current biomass allometric equations for Aust.alia. Biomass potentially available from selective sawlog harvest.ng and silvicultural treatment across the bioregion was calculated and mapped. Results： Current sawlog harvest.ng extracts 41.4% of the st.nding tree biomass and a biomass for bioenergy harvest.would retain on average 36% of felled tree biomass on site for the protection of environmental and fauna habitat values. The est.mated area extent of harvest.ble private native forest. in the bioregion in 2013 was 888,000 ha and est.mated available biomass for bioenergy in living trees was 13.6 million tonnes （t）. The spotted gum （Corymbio citriodora subsp, variegata） forest. were the most.extensive, covering an area of 379,823 ha and with a biomass for bioenergy yield of 14.2 t-ha-1 （with approximately 11.2 ***-1 of the biomass harvest.d from silvicultural thinning and 3 ***-1 recovered from sawlog harvest.residual）. Conclusions： Silvicultural treatment of private native forest. in the Southeast.Queensland bioregion, has the

关键词： Renewable energy Forest.biomass Woody biomass Native forest. Silvicultural management Biomassretention Biobased

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放置胰导管支架有助于解决胆总管插管困难

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 43-44页

作者： Goldberg E. Titus M. Haluszka O. Darwin P. 陈瑜 Division of Gast.oenterology University of Maryland Medical Center 22 South Greene St. N3W62 Baltimore MD 21201 United States Dr.

Background: Cannulation of the common bile duct can be difficult in certain inst.nces. Difficult cannulation has been demonst.ated to be a risk factor for post.ERCP pancreatitis. We report a technique to facilitate difficult cannulation that uses a pancreatic-duct st.nt to guide biliary cannulation. Methods: A retrospective review of all ERCPs performed at our inst.tution from October 1, 2000 to June 30, 2004 (1638) was performed to identify all cases in which a pancreatic-duct st.nt was placed to guide common bile duct cannulation. Charts on these patients then were reviewed to assess cannulation success and complications. In addition, indications for the ERCP and previously failed cannulation attempts by outside physicians were documented. Observations: Thirty-nine patients had pancreatic-duct st.nts placed as an aid to guide common bile duct cannulation. Successful cannulation of the bile duct was achieved in 38 of the 39 patients (97.4% ) Procedure-related pancreatitis occurred in two patients and was mild in both. There were no procedure-related deaths. Conclusions: In cases of difficult common bile duct cannulation, placement of a pancreatic-duct st.nt as a guide to aid common bile duct cannulation appears to be an effective and safe technique.

关键词：胆总管管支架插管困难术后胰腺炎日至

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西罗莫司和紫杉醇洗脱冠状动脉支架的有效性和安全性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第8期3卷 18-19页

作者： st.ne G.W. Moses J.W. Ellis S.G. 黄浙勇 Dr. Columbia university Medical Center Cardiovascular Research Foundation 111 E. 59th St. New York NY 10022 United States

背景:最近关于药物洗脱支架增加支架血栓形成、心肌梗死和死亡风险的报道使其安全性受到质疑。但这些研究普遍存在样本量不足、采用历史对照、随访时间有限、无法获得原始资料等缺陷,不足以得出确定结论。方法:汇总分析资料包括:4项双... 详细信息

背景:最近关于药物洗脱支架增加支架血栓形成、心肌梗死和死亡风险的报道使其安全性受到质疑。但这些研究普遍存在样本量不足、采用历史对照、随访时间有限、无法获得原始资料等缺陷,不足以得出确定结论。方法:汇总分析资料包括:4项双盲试验,共有1748例患者随机分入西罗莫司洗脱支架组或裸金属支架组;5项双盲试验,共有3513例患者随机分入紫杉醇洗脱支架组或裸金属支架组。

关键词：冠状动脉支架紫杉醇洗脱支架西罗莫司裸金属支架药物洗脱支架双盲试验血栓形成临床终点死亡

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Which endoscopic treatment is the best.for small rectal carcinoid tumors?

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World Journal of Gast.ointest.nal Endoscopy 2013年第10期5卷 487-494页

作者： Hyun Ho Choi Jin Su Kim Dae Young Cheung Young-Seok Cho Division of Gast.oenterology Department of Internal Medicine Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine Division of Gast.oenterology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine Division of Gast.oenterology Department of Internal Medicine Yeoido St. Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine

The incidence of rectal carcinoids is rising because of the widespread use of screening colonoscopy. Rectal carcinoids detected incidentally are usually in earlier st.ges at diagnosis. Rectal carcinoids est.mated endoscopically as st.d EMR(or aspiration lumpectomy),endoscopic submucosal resection with ligating device,endoscopic submucosal dissection, and transanal endoscopic microsurgery. It is necessary to carefully choose an effective and safe primary resection method for complete hist.logical resection.

关键词： Carcinoid tumor Rectum Polypectomy Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection

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Pharmacologic vitreolysis:New st.ategy for treatment of anomalous vitreo-macular adhesion

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第3期5卷 99-105页

作者： Desislava N Koleva-Georgieva Clinic of Ophthalmology "St. George" Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineMedical University of Plovdiv

Persist.nt anomalous vitreo-macular adhesion(VMA) is a well-known factor, associated with a variety of sight threatening diseases- including macular hole, vitreo-macular traction syndrome, cyst.id and diabetic macular edema, exudative age- related macular degeneration, myopic traction maculopathy and others. With the advent of optical coherence tomography our underst.nding of these pathologies and the ability of their early diagnosis has gone much far in the past.two decades. The release of macular traction has been of exclusive surgical capability. Notwithst.nding good results, vitrectomy is hampered by the inability of complete vitreo-retinal separation(i.e., smooth, bare internal limiting membrane), compulsory post.perative positioning in macular hole cases, surgical complications, and high cost.. With aim to offer less invasive and safe treatment modality for anomalous VMA, invest.gators have made enormous progress in the past.decade. Leading among the st.died nonsurgical measures is the intravitreal application of pharmacologic agents for the induction of vitreo-retinal separation and vitreous liquefaction, a method termed pharmacologic vitreolysis. Several vitreolytic agents have been st.died to date, the most.potent among them proved to be plasmin. Recently, ocriplasmin(formerly known as microplasmin)- a more st.ble than plasmin recombinant product, proved to be safe and efficient in releasing VMA in large st.dies, and consequently received FDA approval. It's role in clinical practice is now in the process of being determined. This paper aims to review and summarize the current knowledge and st.tus of invest.gation on this new approach for the treatment of VMA.

关键词： Pharmacologic vitreolysis Vitreo-macular adhesion Post.rior vitreous detachment Macular hole Microplasmin

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Hepatitis C virus infection,microRNA and liver disease progression

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第9期5卷 479-486页

作者： Shubham Shrivast.va Anupam Mukherjee Ratna B Ray Department of Pathology Saint Louis UniversitySt. LouisMO63104United States

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a global health problem with an est.mated 170-200 million peoples(approximately3% of world population) are chronically infected worldwide and new infections are predicted to be on rise in coming years. HCV infection remains categorized as a major risk factor for chronic hepatitis,liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. There has been considerable improvement in our underst.nding of virus life cycle since,the discovery of HCV two-decades ***(miRNAs) are important players in est.blishment of HCV infection and their propagation in infected hepatocytes. They target crucial host.cellular factors needed for productive HCV replication and augmented cell *** first.anti-miRNA oligonucleotides,miravirsen has been test.d in clinical trial and shown promising results as therapeutic agent in treatment against.chronic HCV *** expression of miRNAs has been linked to the pathogenesis associated with HCV infection by controlling signaling pathways such as,proliferation,apoptosis and migration. Circulating miRNAs emerging as growing field in identification of biomarkers in disease progression and their potential as a means of communication between cells inside the liver is an exciting area of research in *** review focuses on recent st.dies enforcing the contribution of miRNAs in HCV life cycle and coordinated regulation in HCV mediated liver disease progression.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus MicroRNA Liver disease Interferon signaling Circulatory microRNA

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Identification of Human Movements of Apprehension with Hidden Markov Model Using an Acceleration Sensor

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2012年第6期9卷 653-659页

作者： Fernando del Campo Miguel Carrasco School of Information and Telecommunication Engineering Diego Portales University 441 Ejercito St. Santiago Chile

A majority of syst.ms that take advantage of human motion in order to recognize gest.res are developed through temporal image processing algorithms. However, thanks to the increasing development of acceleration sensors in recent years, it has become possible to use actual arm movements as an acquisition syst.m. This feature could be used in more intuitive syst.ms to communicate reach-to-grasp movements. This research proposes placing an accelerometer on a user"s arm to recognize grasping movements in an unique way. The most.complex part of this problem revolves around the fact that an accelerometer is unable to evaluate whether a user is performing a reach-to-grasp movement. Given that the movement involves a temporary action, it is possible to use a hidden Markov syst.m to dynamically predict user grasping movements. The results indicate that the model can correctly predict all movements with an F-score = 99% on average.

关键词：隐马尔可夫模型加速度传感器动作识别人体运动图像处理算法采集系统马尔可夫系统

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GUS gene expression and inheritance in transgenic rice plants

GUS gene expression and inheritance in transgenic rice plant...

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中国遗传学会七届一次青年研讨会暨上海高校模式生物E——研究院第一届模式生物学术研讨会

作者： Carl Rathus Ian Godwin School of Land & Food The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia

gus gene was introduced into rice Hexi 41 and Calrose 76 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformatioa The transgene expression and st.bility in transgenic progenies were st.died up to the T3 generation for both CT and HT lines. Variable GUS expression patterns were observed among the CT plants. HT plants demonst.ated extremely high levels of GUS expression and relative transgene st.bility. Gene copy number was shown not to be the cause of the expression differences. Quantitative analyses of GUS activity revealed that GUS expression in two invest.gated CT lines was progressively reduced over the three generations. The results showed that transgene silencing could be a potential problem in GM rice.

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A potential oncogenic role of the commonly observed E2F5 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gast.oenterology 2011年第4期17卷 470-477页

作者： Yuzhu Jiang Seon-Hee Yim Hai-Dong Xu Seung-Hyun Jung So Young Yang Hae-Jin Hu Chan-Kwon Jung Yeun-Jun Chung Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism and Department of Microbi-ology School of Medicine The Catholic University of KoreaSocho-gu Seoul 137-701 South Korea Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism and Department of Medical Humanities and SocialSciences School of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Socho-gu Seoul 137-701 South Korea Hospital Pathology Seoul St Mary's Hospi-tal Socho-gu Seoul 137-701 South Korea

AIM: To explore the expression pattern of E2F5 in primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and elucidate the roles of E2F5 in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: E2F5 expression was analyzed in 120 primary HCCs and 29 normal liver tissues by immunohist.chemist.y analysis. E2F5-small interfering RNA was transfected into HepG2, an E2F5-overexpressed HCC cell line. After E2F5 knockdown, cell growth capacity and migrating potential were examined. RESULTS: E2F5 was significantly overexpressed in primary HCCs compared with normal liver tissues (P = 0.008). The E2F5-silenced cells showed significantly reduced proliferation (P = 0.004). On the colony formation and soft agar assays, the number of colonies was significantly reduced in E2F5-silenced cells (P = 0.004 and P = 0.009, respectively). E2F5 knockdown resulted in the accumulation of G0/G1 phase cells and a reduction of S phase cells. The number of migrating/invading cells was also reduced after E2F5 knockdown (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first.evidence that E2F5 is commonly overexpressed in primary HCC and that E2F5 knockdown significantly repressed the growth of HCC cells.

关键词： E2F5 E2F family Hepatocellular carcinoma Oncogene Small interfering RNA

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