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Impact of exercise on markers of B cell-related immunity:A systematic review

Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第3期13卷 339-352,I0002页

作者： David Walzik Sergen Belen Karen Wilisch Marie Kupjetz Silvana Kirschke Tobias Esser Niklas Joisten Alexander Schenk Sebastian Proschinger Philipp Zimmer Division of Performance and Health(sports medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

Background:B cells represent a crucial component of adaptive immunity that ensures long-term protection from infection by generating pathogen-specific *** alters B cell counts and immunoglobulin levels,but evidence-based conclusions on potential benefits for adaptive immunity are *** systematic review assessed current literatures on the impact of acute exercise and exercise training on B cells,immunoglobulins,and markers of secretory immunity in human ***:According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,MEDLINE,Web of science,and Embase were searched on March 8,***-randomized controlled trials and crossover trials investigating the impact of acute exercise or exercise training on B cell counts and proportions,immunoglobulin levels,salivary flow rate,or secretory immunoglobulin A secretion rate were *** and reporting of exercise training studies were assessed using the Tool for the Assessment of Study Quality and reporting in *** characteristics,outcome measures,and statistically significant changes were summarized ***:Of the 67 eligible studies,22 applied acute exercise and 45 applied exercise *** included outcomes revealed significant alterations over time in acute exercise and exercise training context,but only a few investigations showed significant differences compared to control *** and plasma immunoglobulin A levels were most consistently increased in response to exercise ***:B cell-related outcomes are altered by acute exercise and exercise training,but evidence-based conclusions cannot be drawn with high confidence due to the large heterogeneity in populations and exercise ***-designed trials with large sample sizes are needed to clarify how exercise shapes B cell-related immunity.

关键词： Antibody B-lymphocyte Exercise Humoral immunity Immune system

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Molecular insights of exercise therapy in disease prevention and treatment

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2564-2597页

作者： David Walzik Tiffany YWences Chirino Philipp Zimmer Niklas Joisten Division of Performance and Health(sports medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund University44227 DortmundNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Division of Exercise and Movement science Institute for Sport ScienceUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenLower SaxonyGermany

Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases,the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully *** exercise benefits have been attributed to signaling molecules that are released in response to exercise by different tissues such as skeletal muscle,cardiac muscle,adipose,and liver *** signaling molecules,which are collectively termed exerkines,form a heterogenous group of bioactive substances,mediating inter-organ crosstalk as well as structural and functional tissue *** scientific endeavors have focused on identifying and characterizing new biological mediators with such ***,some investigations have focused on the molecular targets of exerkines and the cellular signaling cascades that trigger adaption processes.A detailed understanding of the tissue-specific downstream effects of exerkines is crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise and improve targeted exercise programs in health and ***,we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signal transduction across multiple target tissues and highlight the preventive and therapeutic value of exerkine signaling in various *** emphasizing different aspects of exerkine research,we provide a comprehensive overview of(i)the molecular underpinnings of exerkine secretion,(ii)the receptor-dependent and receptor-independent signaling cascades mediating tissue adaption,and(iii)the clinical implications of these mechanisms in disease prevention and treatment.

关键词： prevention treatment collective

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Advances in the study of mitophagy in osteoarthritis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 197-211页

作者： Hong CAO Xuchang ZHOU Bowen XU Han HU Jianming GUO Miao WANG Nan LI Jun ZOU Department of sport Rehabilitation Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China School of sport medicine and Rehabilitation Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Osteoarthritis(OA),characterized by cartilage degeneration,synovial inflammation,and subchondral bone remodeling,is among the most common musculoskeletal disorders globally in people over 60 years of *** initiation and progression of OA involves the abnormal metabolism of chondrocytes as an important pathogenic *** degeneration features mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the important causative factors of abnormal chondrocyte ***,maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is an important strategy to mitigate *** is a vital process for autophagosomes to target,engulf,and remove damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria,thereby maintaining mitochondrial *** studies have revealed a strong association between mitophagy and OA,suggesting that the regulation of mitophagy may be a novel therapeutic direction for *** reviewing the literature on mitophagy and OA published in recent years,this paper elaborates the potential mechanism of mitophagy regulating OA,thus providing a theoretical basis for studies related to mitophagy to develop new treatment options for OA.

关键词： Mitophagy Osteoarthritis Chondrocyte Mitochondria Apoptosis

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Injury and illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第2期13卷 172-185页

作者： Sara A.Guevara Melissa L.Crunkhorn Michael Drew Gordon Waddington Julien D.Périard Naroa Etxebarria Liam A.Toohey Paula Charlton University of Canberra Research Institute for sport and Exercise(UCRISE) BruceACT 2617Australia New South Wales Institute of sport SydneyNSW 2127Australia Queensland Academy of sport BrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Triathlon Australia Gold CoastQLD 4227Australia Australian Institute of sport BruceACT 2617Australia

Background:Determining the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness in short-course triathletes would improve understanding of their etiologies and therefore assist in the development and implementation of prevention *** study synthesizes the existing evidence on the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness and summarizes reported injury or illness etiology and risk factors affecting short-course ***:This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** reporting health problems(injury and illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and experience levels)training and/or competing in short-course distances were *** electronic databases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,MEDLINE,Embase,APA PsychINFO,Web of science Core Collection,and sportDiscus)were *** of bias was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment *** authors independently completed data ***:The search yielded 7998 studies,with 42 studies eligible for ***-three studies investigated injuries,24 studies investigated illnesses,and 5 studies investigated both injuries and *** injury incidence rate ranged 15.7-24.3 per 1000 athlete exposures,and the illness incidence rate ranged 1.8-13.1 per 1000 athlete *** and illness prevalence ranged between 2%-15%and 6%-84%,*** injuries reported occurred during running(45%-92%),and the most frequently reported illnesses affected the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),cardiovascular(14%-59%),and respiratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently reported health problems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and lower limb injuries associated with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and altered cardiac function,primarily attributable to environmental factors;and respiratory illness mostly caused by infection.

关键词： Athlete illnesses Athletic injuries Epidemiology Triathlon

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Acute effect of foot strike patterns on in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joint kinematics during barefoot running

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第1期13卷 108-117页

作者： Dongqiang Ye Lu Li Shen Zhang Songlin Xiao Xiaole Sun Shaobai Wang Weijie Fu Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health sciences of Ministry of Education Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Shanghai Frontiers science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related *** maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patterns influence these specific foot and ankle ***,technical deficiencies in traditional motion capture approaches limit knowledge of in vivo joint kinematics with respect to rearfoot and forefoot strike patterns(RFS and FFS,respectively).This study uses a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system(DFIS)to determine the effects of different foot strike patterns on 3D in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joints ***:Fifteen healthy male recreational runners underwent foot computed tomography scanning for the construction of 3-dimensional models.A high-speed DFIS(100 Hz)was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom kinematics for participants’tibiotalar and subtalar joints when they adopted RFS and FFS in barefoot ***:Compared with RFS,FFS exhibited greater internal rotation at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar *** peak internal rotation angle of the tibiotalar joint under FFS was greater than under RFS(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.92).RFS showed more dorsiflexion at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint than *** also presented a larger anterior translation(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=1.28)in the subtalar joint at i nitial contact than ***:Running with acute barefoot FFS increases the internal rotation of the tibiotalar joint in the early *** use of high-speed DFIS to quantify the movement of the tibiotalar and subtalar joint was critical to revealing the effects of RF S and FFS during running.

关键词： Foot strike patterns High-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system In vivo kinematics Running

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Ready,set,go:Medical preparations for the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第6期13卷 726-727页

作者： Carolette Snyders Wayne Derman Martin Schwellnus sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa Institute of sport and Exercise medicine Department of ExerciseSport and Lifestyle MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityTygerberg 7505South Africa

*** In August 2024,over 4400 Paralympic athletes will gather in Paris for the Paralympic Summer Games—the pinnacle of every Paralympian’s(Para athletes competing at the Paralympic Games)career to showcase their ability and *** training,preparation,and effort in the years leading up to the Games are *** achieve success,Paralympians specifically rely on a medical support team to achieve their ***,what is required of the medical support team to prepare Paralympians to get ready,set,and go to Paris 2024?

关键词： Paris Games athletes

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Skeletal phenotypes and molecular mechanisms in aging mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 724-746页

作者： Qiao Guan Yuan Zhang Zhi-Kun Wang Xiao-Hua Liu Jun Zou Ling-Li Zhang School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Athletic Performance Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Aging is an inevitable physiological process,often accompanied by age-related bone loss and subsequent bone-related diseases that pose serious health *** on skeletal diseases caused by aging in humans is challenging due to lengthy study durations,difficulties in sampling,regional variability,and substantial ***,mice are preferred for such studies due to their similar motor system structure and function to humans,ease of handling and care,low cost,and short generation *** this review,we present a comprehensive overview of the characteristics,limitations,applicability,bone phenotypes,and treatment methods in naturally aging mice and prematurely aging mouse models(including SAMP6,POLG mutant,LMNA,SIRT6,ZMPSTE24,TFAM,ERCC1,WERNER,and KL/KL-deficient mice).We also summarize the molecular mechanisms of these aging mouse models,including cellular DNA damage response,senescence-related secretory phenotype,telomere shortening,oxidative stress,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BMSC)abnormalities,and mitochondrial ***,this review aims to enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of aging-related bone diseases.

关键词： Aging Premature aging Mice Bone Gene knockout

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Revisiting the stretch-induced force deficit:A systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis of acute effects

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第6期13卷 805-819页

作者： Konstantin Warneke Lars Hubertus Lohmann Institute of Human Movement science Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazGraz 8010Austria Institute of sport science Alpen-Adria University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Worthersee 9020Austria Institute of Human Movement and Exercise Physiology University of JenaJena 07749Germany

Background:When recommending avoidance of static stretching prior to athletic performance,authors and practitioners commonly refer to available systematic ***,effect sizes(ES)in previous reviews were extracted in major part from studies lacking control conditions and/or prepost testing ***,currently available reviews conducted calculations without accounting for multiple study outcomes,with ES:0.03 to 0.10,which would commonly be classified as ***:Since new meta-analytical software and controlled research articles have appeared since 2013,we revisited the available literatures and performed a multilevel meta-analysis using robust variance estimation of controlled prepost trials to provide updated ***,previous research described reduced electromyography activity—also attributable to fatiguing training routines—as being responsible for decreased subsequent *** second part of this study opposed stretching and alternative interventions sufficient to induce general fatigue to examine whether static stretching induces higher performance losses compared to other exercise ***:Including 83 studies with more than 400 ES from 2012 participants,our results indicate a significant,small ES for a static stretch-induced maximal strength loss(ES=0.21,p=0.003),with high magnitude ES(ES=0.84,p=0.004)for stretching durations≥60 s per bout when compared to passive *** opposed to active controls,the maximal strength loss ranges between ES:0.17 to0.28,p<0.001 and 0.040 with mostly no to small ***,stretching did not negatively influence athletic performance in general(when compared to both passive and active controls);in fact,a positive effect on subsequent jumping performance(ES=0.15,p=0.006)was found in ***:Regarding strength testing of isolated muscles(e.g.,leg extensions or calf raises),our results confirm previous ***,since no(or even positive)e

关键词： Static stretching Maximal strength Athletic performance Performance testing

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Advances in the study of protein folding and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation in mammal cells

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第3期25卷 212-232页

作者： Hong CAO Xuchang ZHOU Bowen XU Han HU Jianming GUO Yuwei MA Miao WANG Nan LI Jun ZOU Department of sport Rehabilitation Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

The endoplasmic reticulum is a key site for protein production and quality *** than one-third of proteins are synthesized and folded into the correct three-dimensional conformation in the endoplasmic ***,during protein folding,unfolded and/or misfolded proteins are prone to occur,which may lead to endoplasmic reticulum *** can monitor the quality of the proteins produced by endoplasmic reticulum quality control(ERQC)and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation(ERAD),which maintain endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis by degrading abnormally folded *** underlying mechanisms of protein folding and ERAD in mammals have not yet been fully ***,this paper reviews the process and function of protein folding and ERAD in mammalian cells,in order to help clinicians better understand the mechanism of ERAD and to provide a scientific reference for the treatment of diseases caused by abnormal ERAD.

关键词： Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation(ERAD) Protein folding Ubiquitination Retrotranslocation

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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of science,and sportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;psports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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