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Additional risk in extreme precipitation in China from 1.5℃to 2.0℃global warming levels

Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 228-234页

作者： Wei Li Zhihong Jiang Xuebin Zhang Laurent Li Ying Sun Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China Climate Research Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoOntario M3H 5T4Canada Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitesUPMC Universite Paris 06ParisFrance National Climate Center Laboratory for Climate StudiesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeifing 100812China

To avoid dangerous climate change impact, the Paris Agreement sets out two ambitious goals: to limit the global warming to be well below 2 ℃ and to pursue effort for the global warming to be below 1.5 ℃ above the pre-industrial level. As climate change risks may be region-dependent, changes in magnitude and probability of extreme precipitation over China are investigated under those two global warming levels based on simulations from the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Projects Phase 5. The focus is on the added changes due to the additional half a degree warming from 1.5 ℃ to 2 ℃ . Results show that regional average changes in the magnitude do not depend on the return periods with a relative increase around 7% and 11% at the 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming levels, respectively. The additional half a degree global warming adds an additional increase in the magnitude by nearly 4%. The regional average changes in term of occurrence probabilities show dependence on the return periods, with rarer events(longer return periods) having larger increase of risk. For the 100-year historical event, the probability is projected to increase by a factor of 1.6 and 2.4 at the 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming levels, *** projected changes in extreme precipitation are independent of the RCP scenarios.

关键词： 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warmingExtreme precipitationChina

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Increasing the number of discrete character states for continuous characters generates well-resolved trees that do not reflect phylogeny

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第4期9卷 531-541页

作者： Jérémie BARDIN Isabelle ROUGET Margaret Mary YACOBUCCI Fabrizio CECCA sorbonne University Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University(UPMC-P6)ParisFrance National Museum of Natural History(MNHN) ParisFrance The National Center for Scientific Research(CNRS) ParisFrance Department of Geology Bowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhioUSA

Since the introduction of the cladistic method in systematics,continuous characters have been integrated into analyses but no methods for their treatment have received unanimous *** methods require a large number of character states to discretise continuous characters in order to keep the maximum level of information about taxa differences within the coding *** objective was to assess the impact of increasing the character state number on the outcomes of phylogenetic *** of a variety of simulated datasets shows that these methods for coding continuous characters can lead to the generation of well-resolved trees that do not reflect a phylogenetic *** call this phenomenon the flattening of the tree-length distribution;it is influenced by both the relative quantity of continuous characters in relation to discrete characters,and the number of characters in relation to the number of *** tests provide a method to avoid this potential bias.

关键词： cladistics continuous character gap weighting phylogeny

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Measurement of iron characteristics under ramp compression

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第11期26卷 360-364页

作者：魏会冈 E Brambrink N Amadou A Benuzzi-Mounaix A Ravasio G Morard F Guyot T de Rességuier N Ozaki K Miyanishi 赵刚 M Koenig Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences LULI-CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA Université Paris-Saclay sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 CNRS laboratoire d'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI) Département de Physique Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC) Sorbonne Universités-UPMC UMR CNRS 7590Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Institut Pprime CNRS ENSMA Univ.Poitiers Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University

Laser-driven ramp compression was used to investigate iron characteristics along the isentropic path. The iterative Lagrangian analysis method was employed to analyze the free surface velocity profiles in iron stepped target measured with two VISARs. The onset stress for the α to ε phase transformation was determined from the sudden change in the sound velocity and was found over-pressurized compared to the static and shock results. The derived stress（26 GPa） and strain rate（up to 10-8 s^-1） are consistent with our previous experimental results. The stress-density relations were compared with those from previous ramp experiments and good agreements were found, which experimentally confirms the simulations,showing that iterative Lagrangian analysis can be applied to the ramp-compression data with weak shock.

关键词： isentropic compression iron phase transformation

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Rainbow guiding of the lowest-order antisymmetric Lamb mode in phononic crystal plate

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第3期62卷 458-463页

作者： ZHAO JinFeng YUAN WeiTao BONELLO Bernard DJAFARI-ROUHANI Bahram PAN YongDong ZHONG Zheng School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji University INSP UMR CNRS 7588 Sorbonne Université UPMC Université Paris 06 Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN-UMR CNRS 8520) Université de Lille Sciences et Technologies School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology

The modern acoustic circuits have experienced significant progress with the development of artificial structures, including phononic crystals, metamaterials or metasurfaces. Among the most intensive topics, the reconfigurable acoustic guides are achieved through several mechanisms. In this work, we report on the rainbow guiding for the lowest-order antisymmetric Lamb(A_0) mode in a phononic crystal plate, where the linear waveguides are constituted by erecting aligned pillars either solid or hollow. We show both numerically and experimentally that the whispering gallery modes(WGMs) in the hollow pillars can be generated by the defect mode that propagates in the waveguide. Then, the reemission of A_0 mode by the WGMs to the outer lateral areas can lead to spatial control of frequency selective wave guidance called "rainbow guiding". Our approach allows for an accurate control of the wave guiding and facilitates the integration of waveguides within other devices in the acoustic circuits.

关键词： whispering gallery mode rainbow guiding phononic crystal

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Chemical Bonding and Interpretation of Time-Dependent Electronic Processes with Maximum Probability Domains

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物理化学学报 2018年第5期34卷 528-536页

作者： SAVIN Andreas Laboratoire de Chimie Theorique CNRS and Sorbonne Universite UPMC Univ Paris 06 4 place Jussieu F 75252 Paris cedex 05France.

Tools have been designed obtain information about chemical bonds from quantum mechanical *** work well for solutions of the stationary Schr?dinger equation, but it is not clear whether Lewis electron pairs they aim to reproduce survive in time-dependent processes, in spite of the underlying Pauli principle being obeyed in this regime. A simple model of two same-spin non-interacting fermions in a one-dimensional box with an opaque wall, is used to study this problem, because it allows presenting the detailed structure of the wave function. It is shown that i)oscillations persisting after the Hamiltonian stopped changing produce for certain time intervals states where Lewis electron pairs are spatially separated, and ii) methods(like density analysis, or the electron localization function) that are widely used for describing bonding in the stationary case, have limitations in such situations. An exception is provided by the maximum probability domain(the spatial domain that maximizes the probability to find a given number of particles in it). It is conceptually simple, and satisfactorily describes the phenomenon.

关键词：量子力学化学键化学分析波函数

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High-temperature granulites and supercontinents

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 101-113页

作者： J.L.R.Touret M.Santosh J.M.Huizenga Institut de Mineralogie Physique des MateriauxCosmochimie(IMPMC)Sorbonne Universites et UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR CNRS 7590Museum National d'Histoire NaturelleIRD UMR 2064 Place JussieuF-FS005 ParisFrance School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Economic Geology Research Institute(EGRU) College of ScienceTechnology and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueensland4811Australia Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North-West UniversityPrivate Bag X60012520South Africa

The formation of continents involves a combination of magmatic and metamorphic processes. These processes become indistinguishable at the crust-mantle interface, where the pressure-temperature（P-T）conditions of（ultra） high-temperature granulites and magmatic rocks are similar. Continents grow laterally, by magmatic activity above oceanic subduction zones（high-pressure metamorphic setting）, and vertically by accumulation of mantle-derived magmas at the base of the crust（high-temperature metamorphic setting）. Both events are separated from each other in time; the vertical accretion postdating lateral growth by several tens of millions of years. Fluid inclusion data indicate that during the high-temperature metamorphic episode the granulite lower crust is invaded by large amounts of low H2O-activity fluids including high-density CO2 and concentrated saline solutions（brines）. These fluids are expelled from the lower crust to higher crustal levels at the end of the high-grade metamorphic event. The final amalgamation of supercontinents corresponds to episodes of ultra-high temperature metamorphism involving large-scale accumulation of these low-water activity fluids in the lower *** accumulation causes tectonic instability, which together with the heat input from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, leads to the disruption of supercontinents. Thus, the fragmentation of a supercontinent is already programmed at the time of its amalgamation.

关键词： Continents Supercontinents Magmatism and metamorphism Fluids Tectonics

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Nonlinear Shell Models of Kirchhoff-Love Type:Existence Theorem and Comparison with Koiter's Model

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2019年第1期35卷 3-27页

作者： Cristinel MARDARE sorbonne Université CNRS Laboratoire Jacques-Louis LionsLJLL

We define two nonlinear shell models whereby the deformation of an elastic shell with small thickness minimizes ad hoc functionals over sets of admissible deformations of Kirchhoff-Love type. We establish that both models are close in a specific sense to the well-known nonlinear shell model of W.T. Koiter and that one of them has a solution, by contrast with Koiter's model for which such an existence theorem is yet to be proven.

关键词： Nonlinearly Elastic Shells Kirchhoff-Love Koiter Existence Theory Asymptotics

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Reduction of vibration by periodically stitched sandwich panel

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第7期34卷 39-49页

作者： Nan LI Mabrouk BEN TAHAR Liang MENG Fusheng SUI Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research Institute of AcousticsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China sorbonne universites Universitede Technologie de CompiegneCNRSUMR 7337 RobervalCentre de Recherche RoyallieuCS 60319Compiegne Cedex 60203France State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

This work reveals that the addition of periodically distributed stitches to sandwich structure enables a significant reduction of vibration in stop-band and this new functionality is systematically ***,a finite element model which is capable of taking into consideration the three layers of the sandwich as well as the stitches is *** diagram of dispersion is calculated by applying Floquet-Bloch theorem to the boundaries of unit *** properly chosen properties of stitches,a stop-band for flexural wave is *** stop-band is further confirmed by the forced response of a large stitched sandwich panel under point *** level of vibration in the stop-band is significantly *** influence of the stitch rigidity and density on upper and lower limits of stop-band is also examined,which confirms that stitched sandwich can be tuned to mitigate vibration in a certain frequency band with appropriate stitch *** investigations have demonstrated the potential application of stitched sandwich in the area of vibration reduction.

关键词： Composite structure Parametric study Periodic structures Reduction of vibration Stitched sandwich

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L0 Regularization for the Estimation of Piecewise Constant Hazard Rates in Survival Analysis

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Applied Mathematics 2017年第3期8卷 377-394页

作者： Olivier Bouaziz Grégory Nuel Laboratory MAP5 University Paris Descartes and CNRS Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France LPMA (CNRS 7599) UPMC Sorbonne University Paris France

In a survival analysis context, we suggest a new method to estimate the piecewise constant hazard rate model. The method provides an automatic procedure to find the number and location of cut points and to estimate the hazard on each cut interval. Estimation is performed through a penalized likelihood using an adaptive ridge procedure. A bootstrap procedure is proposed in order to derive valid statistical inference taking both into account the variability of the estimate and the variability in the choice of the cut points. The new method is applied both to simulated data and to the Mayo Clinic trial on primary biliary cirrhosis. The algorithm implementation is seen to work well and to be of practical relevance.

关键词： Adaptive Ridge Procedure Hazard Rate Estimation Penalized Likelihood Piecewise Constant Hazard Survival Analysis

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Creation of Virtual Wi-Fi Access Point and Secured Wi-Fi Pairing, through NFC

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2014年第6期7卷 175-180页

作者： Oussama Stiti Othmen Braham Guy Pujolle sorbonne Universities UPMC Univ. Paris 06 UMR 7606 Paris France VirtuOR Paris France

The growing ubiquity of Wi-Fi networks combined with the integration of low-cost Wi-Fi chipsets in all devices makes Wi-Fi as the wireless technology the most used for accessing to internet [1]. This means that the development of a Wi-Fi strategy has become an imperative for almost all operators worldwide. In this context, APs (Access Points) have to become as secure as cellular networks. Furthermore, authentication process between a mobile device and an access point has to be automated, without user constraining configuration. For reaching this purpose, client must have different credentials depending on authentication method. Our goal is to create an architecture that is both ergonomic and flexible in order to meet the need for connection and client mobility. We use NFC technology as a radio channel for starting communication with the network. The communication initiation will instantiate a virtual Wi-Fi AP and distribute all policies and access certificates for an authentication based on EAP-TLS (it could be extended to any EAP method for 802.1X standard). The end result of our new topology is to allow access to services through a virtual Wi-Fi AP with an enterprise-grade in a public hotspot.

关键词： Wi-Fi NFC Virtual Access Point Pairing Automation

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