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晚期乳腺癌的诊断和治疗：NICE指南概要

英国医学杂志中文版 2009年第6期12卷 379-381页

作者： N Murray J Winstanley A Bennett K Francis 李俏译(徐) 兵河(校) cancer research UK Clinical Centre University of Southampton Somers Cancer Research Building Southampton General Hospital Southampton SO16 cancer research UK Clinical Centre University of Southampton Somers Cancer Research Building Southampton General Hospital Southampton S016 6YDRoyal Bohon Hospital Bohon BL4 0RJ cancer research UK Clinical Centre University of Southampton Somers Cancer Research Building Southampton General Hospital Southampton S016 6YDNational Collaborating Centrefor Cancer CardiffCFIO 3AF 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内科

为什么要阅读本摘要？乳腺癌是英国女性最常见的肿瘤，并且是英国女性患者的第二位肿瘤死亡原因。英国每年有超过12300名女性以及70名男性患者死于晚期乳腺癌，死亡前平均带病生存2～3年。对晚期乳腺癌进行治疗需要多种专业医疗人员的... 详细信息

为什么要阅读本摘要？乳腺癌是英国女性最常见的肿瘤，并且是英国女性患者的第二位肿瘤死亡原因。英国每年有超过12300名女性以及70名男性患者死于晚期乳腺癌，死亡前平均带病生存2～3年。对晚期乳腺癌进行治疗需要多种专业医疗人员的协作，通常包括一级、二级和三级医疗机构。

关键词：晚期乳腺癌 NICE 治疗指南诊断女性患者三级医疗机构死亡原因

Targeted heat treatment of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V for controlled formation of Bi-lamellar microstructures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第22期81卷 67-76页

作者： Cecilie V.Funch Alessandro Palmas Kinga Somlo Emilie H.Valente Xiaowei Cheng Konstantinos Poulios Matteo Villa Marcel A.J.somers Thomas L.Christiansena Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkProduktionstorvetBuilding 4252800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)was utilized to produce specimens in Ti-6Al-4V,which were subjected to a bi-lamellar heat treatment,which produces microstructures consisting of primary α-lamellae and a fine secondary α-phase inside the inter-lamellar β-*** bi-lamellar microstructure was obtained as(i)a direct bi-lamellar heat treatment from the asbuilt condition or(ii)a bi-lamellar heat treatment preceded by a β-*** the bi-lamellar treatment with β-homogenization,cooling rates in the range 1-500 K/min were applied after homogenization in β-region followed by inter-critical annealing in the α+β region at various temperatures in the range 850-950℃.The microstructures were characterized using various microscopical *** testing with Vickers hardness indentation and tensile testing was *** bi-lamellar microstructure was harder when compared to a soft fully lamellar microstructure,because of the presence of fine α-platelets inside the β-*** low temperature ageing provided an additional hardness increase by precipitation hardening of the primary α-*** age hardened bi-lamellar microstructure shows a similar hardness as the very fine,as-built martensitic *** bi-lamellar microstructure has more favorable mechanical properties than the as-built condition,which has high strength,but poor *** the bi-lamellar heat treatment,the elongation was improved by more than 250%.Due to the very high strength of the as-built condition,loss of tensile strength is unavoidable,resulting in a reduction of tensile strength of~18%.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V Targeted heat treatment Bi-lamellar microstructures Laser powder bed fusion

Simulation of natural convection under high magnetic field by means of the thermal lattice Boltzmann method

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第10期18卷 4083-4093页

作者：钟诚文解建飞卓从山熊生伟尹大川 National Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Design and research Northwestern Polytechnical University Faculty of Life Science Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology Northwestern Polytechnical University

The thermal lattice Boltzmann method （TLBM）, which was proposed by J. G. M. Eggels and J. A. somers previously, has been improved in this paper. The improved method has introduced a new equilibrium solution for the temperature distribution function on the assumption that flow is incompressible, and it can correct the effect of compressibility on the macroscopic temperature computed. Compared to the previous method, where the half- way bounce back boundary condition was used for non-slip velocity and temperature, a non-equilibrium extrapolation scheme has been adopted for both velocity and temperature boundary conditions in this paper. Its second-order accuracy coincides with the ensemble accuracy of lattice Boltzmann method. In order to validate the improved thermal scheme, the natural convection of air in a square cavity is simulated by using this method. The results obtained in the simulation agree very well with the data of other numerical methods and benchmark data. It is indicated that the improved TLBM is also successful for the simulations of non-isothermal flows. Moreover, this thermal scheme can be applied to simulate the natural convection in a non-uniform high magnetic field. The simulation has been completed in a square cavity filled with the aqueous solutions of KC1 （llwt%）, which is considered as a diamagnetic fluid with electrically low-conducting, with Grashof number Gr=4.64~104 and Prandtl number Pr----7.0. And three cases, with different cavity locations in the magnetic field, have been studied. In the presence of a high magnetic field, the natural convection is quenched by the body forces exerted on the electrically low-conducting fluids, such as the magnetization force and the Lorentz force. From the results obtained, it can be seen that the quenching efficiencies decrease with the variation of location from left, symmetrical line, to the right. These phenomena originate from the different distributions of the magnetic field strengths in the zone

关键词： thermal lattice Boltzmann method natural convection magnetization force Lorentzforce

Households as Sources Contributing the Most to Urban Solid Wastes Production:Implications for a Better Management and Disposal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第8期10卷 1072-1084页

作者： Otoniel Buenrostro Delgado Maria del Consuelo Hernandez Berriel Ivan Yassmany Hernandez Paniagua Maria del Consuelo Manon Salas Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMexico Sociedad Mexicana de Ciencia y Tecnologia Aplicada a los Residuos Solidos A.C.(SOMERS)Ciudad de MexicoMexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico Instituto Tecnologico de TolucaDivision de Estudios de Posgrado e InvestigacionMetepecMexico CONACYT-Consorcio CENTROMET QueretaroMexico

Households are the sources contributing the most to the production of urban solid wastes in developing countries. The present study analyses the generation of domestic solid wastes in a settlement in Mexico in two different years. The goals were to compare composition and rates of generation into the periods to assess changes and the influence of socioeconomic variables. In 1998 and 2004, wastes from households were sampled of three socioeconomic levels randomly selected, and a survey was applied. Data obtained were analyzed with descriptive and multivariate analysis. Results of generation rate and composition of domestic solid wastes showed a negative correlation between generation and income in the first one, but positive in the second one;in both, composition did not show correlation. Rates of per capita generation, per household, population and density of inhabitants per dwelling increased, and the generation of wastes were more with respect to population growth, which emphasizes the influence of economic and demographic variables. This study corroborates that households are the principal sources of urban solid wastes and it is emphasized that management strategies must preponderate households to be successful. In addition, this information is important to establish strategies for an integral management of urban solid wastes in developing countries.

关键词： Waste Dwellings Management Recycling Survey

Chinese Secret Societies and Popular Religions Revisited： An Introduction

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Frontiers of History in China 2016年第4期11卷 503-509页

作者： Robert J. Antony Joseph Tse-Hei Lee Canton's Thirteen Hongs research Center Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China Department of History and Confucius Institute Pace University New York NY 10038 USA

It has been over forty years since Jean Chesneaux published his edited volume Popular Movements and Secret Societies in China, and some twenty years since David Ownby and Mary somers Heidhues published their edited volume Secret Societies Reconsidered On popular religions, both Daniel Overmyer＇s FoItc Buddhist Religion and Susan Naquin＇s Millenarian Rebellion in China were also published almost forty years ago.1 Although there have been a number of important studies published both inside and outside of China on secret societies and popular religions since the 1990s, in recent years there has been a surge in new research, much of it still unpublished, on this important subject in Chinese history.

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STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON A NEW CRYSTAL FORM OF HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE

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STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON A NEW CRYSTAL FORM OF HIV REVERSE TRAN...

Preliminary Analyses of Expression of Learning and Memory Related Genes in Honey Bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) in Free-Choice Learning Paradigms

Sixteenth Congress of the International Union of Crystallography

作者： R.M.Esnouf E.F.Garman E.Y.Jones D.I.Stuart G.K.Darby C.K.Ross D.O’N.somers D.K.Stammers Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics Oxford UniversityUK and Wellcome Research LaboratoriesBeckenhamKentUK

We have recently solved the structure of a new crystal form of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase(RT) at 3.4A *** crystals are orthorhombic,space group *** native crystals have cell dimensions a=147A,b=112A,c=***,under certain conditions a shrinkage in the a axis of 4A is triggered. Native and heavy atom derivative data have been collected for both the large and small unit *** difference Pattersons for the large unit cell data were interpreted and led,with the aid of solvent flattening,to an electron density map at 6A resolution of reasonable quality.

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Natural Science 2021年第6期13卷 194-207页

作者： Timothy E. Black Medhat Radi Amanda somers Charles I. Abramson Laboratory of Comparative Psychology and Behavioral Biology Psychology Department Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Pest Physiology Department Plant Protection Research Institute ARC Giza Egypt

Honey bees are an established animal model for studying learning and memory related behaviors. In recent years, honey bees have become more common as a model for investigations of molecular biology, including gene expression. Honey bees have been used to extrapolate genetic functions found in other invertebrates, such as Drosophila melanogaster. The honey bee model has also provided a means for isolating novel genes, including non-coding microRNA fragments. Integrating the study of learning and memory with molecular genetics, the present work examines the effect of learning acquisition and memory consolidation in free-choice paradigms on the expression of a suite of genes of interest. Results suggest that short-term learning acquisition causes differential expression of microRNA fragments, while memory consolidation differentially affects the expression of the serine/threonine protein kinase gene in honey bees. These results corroborate previous findings suggesting the importance of protein kinases in the formation of long term memory, and suggest that microRNA may play a large role in regulation of cytoskeletal scaffolding proteins.

关键词： Honey Bees Learning Memory Gene Expression microRNA

GIGANTEA and EARLY FLOWERING 4 in Arabidopsis Exhibit Differential Phase-Specific Genetic Influences over a Diurnal Cycle

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 678-687页

作者： Yumi Kim Miji Yeom Hyunmin Kim Junhyun Lim Hee Jung Koo Daehee Hwang David somers Hong Gil Nam Division of Molecular and Life Sciences POSTECH Hyojadong Pohang Kyungbuk 790-784 Republic of Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering POSTECH Hyojadong Pohang Kyungbuk 790-784 Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering POSTECH Hyojadong Pohang Kyungbuk 790-784 Republic of Korea Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology POSTECH Hyojadong Pohang Kyungbuk 790-784 Republic of Korea Department of Molecular Genetics The Ohio State University 244B Rightmire Hall 1060 Carmack Road Columbus OH 43210 USA National Core research Center for Systems Bio-Dynamics POSTECH Hyojadong Pohang Kyungbuk 790-784 Republic of Korea

The endogenous circadian clock regulates many physiological processes related to plant survival and adapt- ability. GIGANTEA （GI）, a clock-associated protein, contributes to the maintenance of circadian period length and ampli- tude, and also regulates flowering time and hypocotyl growth in response to day length. Similarly, EARLY FLOWERING 4 （ELF4）, another clock regulator, also contributes to these processes. However, little is known about either the genetic or molecular interactions between GI and ELF4 in Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the genetic interactions between GI and ELF4 in the regulation of circadian clock-controlled outputs. Our mutant analysis shows that GI is epistatic to ELF4 in flowering time determination, while ELF4 is epistatic to GI in hypocotyl growth regulation. Moreover, GI and ELF4 have a synergistic or additive effect on endogenous clock regulation. Gene expression profiling of gi, elf4, and gi elf4 mutants further established that GI and ELF4 have differentially dominant influences on circadian physiological outputs at dusk and dawn, respectively. This phasing of GI and ELF4 influences provides a potential means to achieve diversity in the regulation of circadian physiological outputs, including flowering time and hypocotyl growth.

关键词： microarray LHY endogenous clock GI ELF4