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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第5期36卷 104-110页

作者：陈映平李志谦 sigma micro co.ltd.

A 5.0-V 2.0-A flyback power supply controller providing constant-voltage （CV） and constant-current （CC） output regulation without the use of an optical coupler is presented. Dual-close-loop control is proposed here due to its better regulation performance of tolerance over process and temperature compared with open loop control used in common. At the same time, the two modes, CC and CV, could switch to each other automatically and smoothly according to the output voltage level not sacrificing the regulation accuracy at the switching phase, which overcomes the drawback of the digital control scheme depending on a hysteresis comparator to change the mode. On-chip compensation using active capacitor multiplier technique is applied to stabilize the voltage loop, eliminate an additional package pin, and save on the die area. The system consumes as little as 100 mW at no-load condition without degrading the transient response performance by utilizing the adaptive switching frequency control mode. The proposed controller has been implemented in a commercial 0.35μm 40-V BCD process, and the active chip area is 1.5×1.0 mm^2. The total error of the output voltage due to line and load variations is less than 4-1.7%.

关键词： constant voltage constant current dual-loop adaptive switching frequency

A 16-bit sigma–delta modulator applied in micro-machined inertial sensors

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第4期35卷 128-133页

作者：徐宏林付强刘鸿娜尹亮王鹏飞刘晓为 MEMS Center Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of micro-Systems and micro-Structures Manufacturing

A fourth-order low-distortion low-pass sigma-delta （∑△） modulator is presented for micro-machined inertial sensors. The proposed single-loop single-bit feedback modulator is optimized with a feed-forward path to decrease the nonlinearities and power consumption. The IC is implemented in a standard 0.6 μm CMOS technology and operates at a sampling frequency of 3.846 MHz. The chip area is 2.12 mm^2 with 23 pads. The experimental results indicate a signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of 100 dB and dynamic range （DR） of 103 dB at an oversampling rate （OSR） of 128 with the input signal amplitude of-3.88 dBFS at 9.8 kHz; the power consumption is 15 raW at a 5 V supply.

关键词： analog-to-digital converter low-distortion low-pass sigma delta modulator micro-machined inertialsensor

A 124 dB dynamic range sigma-delta modulator applied to non-invasive EEG acquisition using chopper-modulated input-scaling-down technique

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 23-37页

作者： Kaiquan CHEN Mingyi CHEN Longlong CHENG Liang QI Guoxing WANG Yong LIAN Department of micro/Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Electronic Cloud Brain (Tianjin) Technology co. Ltd.

With the advancement of brain science in recent years, the non-invasive brain-computer interfaces（BCIs） based on electroencephalogram（EEG） acquisition have been widely adopted in various brain-inspired applications. The acquisition of multi-channel microvolts EEG signals corrupted by the motion artifacts（MAs） of up to several volts poses enormous challenges to the design of analog front-end（AFE）, especially the analog-to-digital converter（ADC）, which is necessary to achieve low noise, wide dynamic range（DR）,high accuracy as well as low power. In this paper, a wide DR Σ△ modulator with chopper-modulated inputscaling-down（CM-ISD） technique has been proposed to deal with large input offset while extending dynamic range. Fabricated in 180 nm CMOS technology, the prototype occupies a core area of 0.32 mm;. With a 40 Hz input signal and 125 Hz Nyquist bandwidth, the measured signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） and signalto-noise and distortion ratio（SNDR） are 117 and 110 dB, respectively. Thanks to the proposed CM-ISD technique, the modulator is capable of withstanding a full-scale(4.5 V;) input whereas the measured DR has been extended from 99 to 124 dB. The power consumption is 2.75 mW under 5 V supply voltage,corresponding to 170.6 dB Schreier figure-of-merit（FoMS）. The multi-channel EEG acquisition has been demonstrated based on the proposed modulator, showing its potential in advanced non-invasive BCI systems.

关键词： Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) ΣΔ modulator brain computer interface electroencephalogram dynamic range motion artifacts

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A Fully Differential Interface Circuit of Closed-loop Accelerometer with Force Feedback Linearization

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第3期21卷 18-23页

作者： Hong-Lin Xu Hong-Na Liu Chong He Liang Yin Xiao-Wei Liu micro-Electromechanical System Center Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of micro-Systems and micro-Structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education

In this paper,a fifth-order fully differential interface circuit( IC) is presented to improve the noise performance for micromechanical sigma-delta( Σ-Δ) accelerometer. A lead compensator is adopted to ensure the stability of the closed-loop high-order system. A low noise capacitance detection circuit is described with a correlated-double-sampling( CDS) technique to decrease 1 /f noise and offset of the operational amplifier. This paper also proposes a self-test technique for the interface circuit to test the harmonic distortion. An electrostatic force feedback linearization circuit is presented to reduce the harmonic distortion resulting in larger dynamic range( DR). The layout of the IC is implemented in a standard 0. 6 μm CMOS technology and operates at a sampling frequency of 250 kHz. The interface consumes 20 mW from a 5 V supply. The post-simulation results indicate that the noise floor of the digital accelerometer is about- 140 dBV /Hz1 /2at low frequency. The sensitivity is 2. 5 V /g and the nonlinearity is 0. 11%. The self-test function is achieved with 98. 2 dB thirdorder harmonic distortion detection based on the electrostatic force feedback linearization.

关键词： sigma-delta accelerometer self-test harmonic distortion electrostatic force feedback linearization

A Novel Full Differential Feedforward Fourth-Order Bandpass sigma-Delta Modulator

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2013年第5期20卷 123-128页

作者： Jia-Jun Zhou Hong-Lin Xu Rui Zhang Xiao-Wei Liu micro Electromechanical System Center Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of micro-Systems and micro-Structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education

In this paper,in order to reduce power consumption and chip area,as well as to improve the performance of the bandpass sigma-delta modulator,a novel full differential feedforward fourth-order bandpass sigma-delta modulator was proposed. It used a resonator based on Salo architecture,which employed doublesampling and double-delay technique. The results show that the proposed modulator can achieve lower power consumption and a lower capacitive load than the conventional bandpass modulators on the platform of Simulink. The circuit is implemented with TSMC0. 18 μm CMOS process and operates at a sampling frequency of 20 MHz, 80 MHz effective sampling frequency. Furthermore,it consumes 21. 2 mW from a 1. 8 V supply. The simulated peak signal-to-noise ratio( SNR) is 85. 9 dB and the dynamic range( DR) is 91 dB with 200 kHz bandwidth.

关键词： bandpass sigma-Delta modulator double-sampling

A 1-V 60-μW 85-dB dynamic range continuous-time third-order sigma-delta modulator

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Journal of Semiconductors 2009年第12期30卷 118-122页

作者：李渊文齐达董一枫许俊任俊彦 State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System micro-Nanoelectronics Science and Technology Innovation Platform Fudan University

A 1-V third order one-bit continuous-time（CT） EA modulator is presented. Designed in the SMIC mixedsignal 0.13-μm CMOS process, the modulator utilizes active RC integrators to implement the loop filter. An efficient circuit design methodology for the CT ZA modulator is proposed and verified. Low power dissipation is achieved through the use of two-stage class A/AB amplifiers. The presented modulator achieves 81.4-dB SNDR and 85-dB dynamic range in a 20-kHz bandwidth with an over sampling ratio of 128. The total power consumption of the modulator is only 60 μW from a 1-V power supply and the prototype occupies an active area of 0.12 mm^2.

关键词： analog-to-digital converter continuous-time filter low-power low-voltage sigma-delta modulation

A monolithically integrated microcantilever biosensor based on partially depleted SOI CMOS technology

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 273-283页

作者： Yi Liu Yuan Tian cong Lin Jiahao Miao Xiaomei Yu School of Integrated Circuits Peking UniversityNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano FabricationBeijing 100871China

This paper presents a monolithically integrated aptasensor composed of a piezoresistive microcantilever array and an on-chip signal processing *** microcantilevers,each of them embedded with a piezoresistor,form three sensors in a Wheatstone bridge *** on-chip signal processing circuit consists of a multiplexer,a chopper instrumentation amplifier,a low-pass filter,a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter,and a serial peripheral *** the microcantilever array and the on-chip signal processing circuit were fabricated on the single-crystalline silicon device layer of a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)wafer with partially depleted(PD)CMOS technology followed by three micromachining *** integrated microcantilever sensor makes full use of the high gauge factor of single-crystalline silicon to achieve low parasitic,latch-up,and leakage current in the PD-SOI CMOS.A measured deflection sensitivity of 0.98×10^(−6) nm^(−1) and an output voltage fluctuation of less than 1μV were obtained for the integrated microcantilever.A maximum gain of 134.97 and an input offset current of only 0.623 nA were acquired for the on-chip signal processing *** functionalizing the measurement microcantilevers with a biotin-avidin system method,human IgG,abrin,and staphylococcus enterotoxin B(SEB)were detected at a limit of detection(LOD)of 48 pg/***,multichannel detection of the three integrated microcantilever aptasensors was also verified by detecting *** these experimental results indicate that the design and process of monolithically integrated microcantilevers can meet the requirements of high-sensitivity detection of biomolecules.

关键词： SOI amplifier cantilever

Atmospheric remote sensing with MiniMPL

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Atmospheric remote sensing with MiniMPL

Mobile lidar Mapping of City Atmosphere

第九届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会暨第二届海峡两岸环境保护双门论坛

作者： Yunhui Zheng Savyasachee Mathur Brian Kamamia Daniel Caplan Dan Reed Ed Leventhal Taylor Jones Phil Decola sigma Space corp

There is a trend in Lidar industry to develop compact,lightweight and low power consumption Aerosol Lidar for fast and ubiquitous monitoring of the atmospheric *** paper introduces a new product Mini micro Pulse Lidar(MPL)from sigma Space *** advantages for aerosol measurements with the new MiniMPL design are *** affecting mobile measurement quality such as thermal stability are also *** MiniMPL data is compared to the data from Legacy micro Pulse Lidar(MPL).The results show good *** some data from NASA Discover-AQ campaign are presented,in which three MiniMPLs are deployed to monitor to air quality across the Washington DC area in summer 2011.

关键词： Aerosol Lidar thermal stability pollution monitoring fast deployment

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Mobile lidar Mapping of City Atmosphere

MEMS gyroscope control system using a band-pass continuous-time sigma-delta modulator

第十五届海峡两岸气胶技术研讨会

作者： Yunhui Zheng sigma Space corp.

Aerosols play an important role in the global climate,air pollution and aviation *** the recent years,aerosol lidar has been routinely used to remotely monitor aerosol concentration.A car mounted mobile lidar offers a compact solution to study the regional inhomogeneity of the *** micro Pulse Lidar（Mini MPL） is a miniature aerosol lidar designed by sigma Space *** is capable of measuring aerosol up to 15 *** measures 32 cm x 22 cm x 50 cm and weighs 13 *** small form factor and low power consumption（＜100 W） make the Mini MPL ideal for mobile aerosol measurement in vehicles as small as a passenger *** mounted the Mini MPL in the trunk of a Toyota Prius with a vibration isolation mount（Figure 1）.A microsoft Surface Pro tablet controls the data *** location data of the Mini MPL is reported by a GPS and integrated into saved lidar *** entire system is powered by a 125 W car power *** mobile mapping of the atmosphere around a city is useful because it can reveal the distribution pattern of the *** pattern may result from the human activity,terrain and weather *** analyzing its root causes,the related authorities can make better decision on the city planning and *** this paper three examples are going to be *** first one is around the route 495 which encircles Washington DC,*** mobile mapping discovers that there is uneven PBL height which matches the ground pattern found from Google satellite *** the second example we scan in the city of Shijiazhuang,a city located in in the north China which suffers from significant air *** original goal was to find how the air pollutiondistributes across the *** found in most of the days the air pollution distribution is *** some of windy days,however,an elevated wind tunnel was found which reduces Aerosol Optical Density（AOD） along the northwest to south east *** the third example we ma

关键词： Lidar mobile mapping remote sensing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第10期56卷 180-189页

作者： DING HaiTao YANG ZhenChuan WANG ZhanFei KRAFT Michael YAN GuiZhen National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on micro/Nano Fabrication Institute of MicroelectronicsPeking University School of Electronics and computer Science University of Southampton

This paper presents a MEMS gyroscope control system of using a high-order band-pass continuoustime sigma-delta *** with a low-pass discrete-time sigma-delta modulator based solution,the band-pass modulator can considerably decrease the sampling frequency;moreover,the continuous-time architecture has an obvious advantage on PCB prototyping and shorter lead time of the implementation in *** level simulations using MATLAB/Simulink show the proposed sixth order sigma-delta modulator can achieve a high SNR of 100 dB for an angular rate input with an amplitude of 200/s and a frequency of32 Hz.A PCB circuit implementation is simulated using Orcad/PSpice to analyze the stability,and implemented in *** of the power spectral density of the output bitstream reveals a noise floor of90 dBV/Hz1/*** prototype is tested on a rate table with an angular rate input,verifying that the principle of the approach of using an electro-mechanical band-pass sigma-delta modulator control system for a MEMS gyroscope.

关键词： band-pass continuous-time control system MEMS gyroscope sigma-delta modulator