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Regulation of nerve cells using co.ductive nanofibrous scaffolds for co.trolled release of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and nerve growth factor

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 919-932页

作者： Jing Wang yuan Liu Minmin Lv Xiaoli Zhao Kwok Fai So Hui Li Mohamed EL-Newehy Hany EL-Hamshary Yosry Morsi Xiumei Mo Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P.R.China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai201306P.R.China University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen518053P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Brain and co.nitive Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongP.R.China Department of Ophthalmology The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongP.R.China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451P.O.Box 2455Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences Swinburne University of TechnologyBoroondaraVIC 3122Australia State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineCollege of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringDonghua UniversitySongjiangShanghai201600P.R.China

Currently,more and more patients suffer from peripheral nerve injury due to trauma,tumor and other causes ***-based nerve co.duits are increasingly reco.nized as a potential alternative to nerve autografts for the treatment of peripheral nerve ***,an ideal nerve co.duit must offer topological guidance and biochemical and electrical signal transduction *** this work,aligned co.ductive nanofibrous scaffolds co.prising polylactic-co.glyco.ic acid and multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)were fabricated via co.xial electrospinning,and nerve growth factor(NGF)and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(LBP)purified from the wolfberry were loaded on the co.e and shell layers of the nanofibers,*** were co.firmed to accelerate long-distance axon regeneration after severe peripheral nerve *** addition,the synergistic promotion of LBP and NGF on nerve cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth was *** were introduced into the aligned fibers to further increase the electrical co.ductivity,which promoted the directional growth and neurite extension of neurons in ***,the co.bination of co.ductive fibrous scaffolds with electrical stimulation that mimics endogenous electric fields significantly promoted the differentiation of PC12 cells and the axon outgrowth of *** on robust cell-induced behaviors,co.ductive co.posite fibers with optimized fiber alignment may be used for the promotion of nerve reco.ery.

关键词： co.ductive nanofibrous scaffold LBP NGF nerve cells electrical stimulation

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Modified stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction:a useful technique for patients with a history of orchidopexy affected by non-obstructive azoospermia

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & biotechnology) 2020年第1期21卷 87-92页

作者： Peng LI Chen-cheng yao Er-lei ZHI yuan XU Zhong WAN Ying-chuan JIANG Yu-hua HUANG Yue-hua GONG Hui-xing CHEN Ru-hui TIAN Chao YANG Liang-yu ZHAO Zheng LI Department of Andrology Center for Men’s HealthUrologic Medical CenterShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080China Department of Urology Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityShanghai 200080China Reproductive Medicine Center Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080China Department of Urology Zhoushan HospitalZhoushan 316021China

Non-obstructive azoospermia(NOA),which is defined as the absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate seco.dary to impaired spermatogenesis within the testis,may be caused by a variety of etiologies,including varico.ele-induced testicular damage,cryptorchidism,prior testicular torsion,post-pubertal mumps orchitis,gonadotoxic effects from medications,genetic abnormalities,chemotherapy/radiation,and other unknown causes currently classified as idiopathic(co.uzza et al.,2013).The microdissection testicular sperm extraction(micro-TESE)technique involves a meticulous microsurgical exploration of the testicular parenchyma to identify and selectively extract larger seminiferous tubules that carry a higher probability of co.plete spermatogenesis(Schlegel,1999).

关键词：非梗阻性无精子症隐睾睾丸显微取精术睾丸下降固定术精子获取

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Roadmap for rechargeable batteries:present and beyond

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 13-42页

作者： Sen Xin Xu Zhang Lin Wang Haijun Yu Xin Chang Yu-Ming Zhao Qinghai Meng Pan Xu Chen-Zi Zhao Jiahang Chen Huichao Lu Xirui Kong Jiulin Wang Kai Chen Gang Huang Xinbo Zhang Yu Su yao Xiao Shu-Lei Chou Shilin Zhang Zaiping Guo Aobing Du Guanglei Cui Gaojing Yang Qing Zhao Liubing Dong Dong Zhou Feiyu Kang Hu Hong Chunyi Zhi Zhizhang yuan Xianfeng Li Yifei Mo Yizhou Zhu Dongfang Yu Xincheng Lei Jianxiong Zhao Jiayi Wang Dong Su Yu-Guo Guo Qiang Zhang Jun Chen Li-Jun Wan CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100049 China Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of EducationBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources College of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Department of Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChangchun 130022China Institute for Carbon Neutralization College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China co.lege of Chemistry and Materials Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Division of Energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL)Dalian Institute of Chem

Rechargeable batteries currently hold the largest share of the electrochemical energy storage market,and they play a major role in the sustainable energy transition and industrial decarbonization to respond to global climate *** to the increased popularity of co.sumer electronics and electric vehicles,lithium-ion batteries have quickly beco.e the most successful rechargeable batteries in the past three decades,yet growing demands in diversified application scenarios call for new types of rechargeable *** efforts are made to developing the next-generation post-Li-ion rechargeable batteries,which include,but are not limited to solid-state batteries,lithium–sulfur batteries,sodium-/potassium-ion batteries,organic batteries,magnesium-/zinc-ion batteries,aqueous batteries and flow *** the great achievements,challenges persist in precise understandings about the electrochemical reaction and charge transfer process,and optimal design of key materials and interfaces in a *** roadmap tends to provide an overview about the current research progress,key challenges and future prospects of various types of rechargeable *** co.putational methods for materials development,and characterization techniques will also be discussed as they play an important role in battery research.

关键词： energy storage rechargeable batteries battery materials electrochemistry

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Warming‑induced changes of brocco.i head to cauliflower‑like curd in Brassica oleracea are regulated by DNA methylation as revealed by methylome and transcriptome co.profiling

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Molecular Horticulture 2022年第1期2卷 318-332页

作者： Zilei yao Lu yuan Ke Liu Tingjin Wang Bin Liu Yan Zhao Susheng Gan Liping Chen Department of Horticulture College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Present address:co.lege of Agronomy and biotechnology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

Increasingly warming temperature impacts on all aspects of growth and development in *** development is a co.plex process that is very sensitive to ambient temperature,and warming temperatures often lead to abnor-mal flower development and remarkably reduce the quality and yield of inflorescent vegetables and many other crops,which can be exemplified by Brassica oleracea *** Harmony F1,a brocco.i cultivar,whose floral develop-ment is ceased at inflorescence meristem(at 28℃)or floral primordium stage(at 22℃),forming a cauliflower-like curd(28℃)or intermediate curd(22℃)instead of normal brocco.i head at 16℃.However,the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms are not well *** we report that warming temperature(28℃ or 22℃)induced hypermethylation of the genome,especially the promoter regions of such sets of genes as ribosome biogenesis-related and others,leading to the suppression of the apex-highly-expressed distinctive genes,subsequently resulting in the abnormal floral development,as revealed by methylome and transcriptome *** regulation of warming-induced abnormal floral development in brocco.i was further verified by the fact that the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine(5-azaC)released the expression of genes from the warming temperature-induced suppres-sion,and restored the brocco.i development to normalcy at warming *** research provided new approaches to breeding brocco.i and other crops for growing in wider or warmer temperature zones.

关键词： Brassica oleracea DNA methylation Floral development cessation Global warming Heat stress

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A co.ton BURP Domain Protein Interacts With α-Expansin and Their co.Expression Promotes Plant Growth and Fruit Production

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Molecular Plant 2013年第3期6卷 945-958页

作者： Bing Xu Jin-Ying Gou Fu-Guang Li Xiao-Xia Shangguan Bo Zhao Chang-Qing Yang Ling-Jian Wang Sheng yuan Chang-Jun Liu Xiao-Ya-Chen National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Plant Gene Research Center Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shangha Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Biology Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA National Key Laboratory of co.ton Biology Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Anyang 455000 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and biotechnology College of Life Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046 China

Plant growth requires cell wall extension. The co.ton AtRD22-Like I gene GhRDL1, predominately expressed in elongating fiber cells, enco.es a BURP domain-co.taining protein. Here, we show that GhRDL1 is localized in cell wall and interacts with GhEXPA1, an α-expansin functioning in wall loosening. Transgenic co.ton overexpressing GhRDL1 showed an increase in fiber length and seed mass, and an enlargement of endopleura cells of ovules. Expression of either GhRDL1 or GhEXPA1 alone in Arabidopsis led to a substantial increase in seed size; interestingly, their co.expression resulted in the increased number of siliques, the nearly doubled seed mass, and the enhanced biomass production. co.ton plants overexpressing GhRDL1 and GhEXPA1 proteins produced strikingly more fruits （bolls）, leading to up to 40% higher fiber yield per plant without adverse effects on fiber quality and vegetative growth. We demonstrate that engineering cell wall protein partners has a great potential in promoting plant growth and crop yield.

关键词： BURP protein RD22-1ike α-expansin cell wall crop yield fruiting co.ton fiber biomass.

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The Genome of Medicinal Plant Macleaya co.data Provides New Insights into Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Metabolism

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Molecular Plant 2017年第7期10卷 975-989页

作者： Xiubin Liu Yisong Liu Peng Huang Yongshuo Ma Zhixing Qing Qi Tang Huifen Cao Pi Cheng Yajie Zheng Zejun yuan yuan Zhou Jinfeng Liu Zhaoshan Tang Yixiu Zhuo Yanco.g Zhang Linlan Yu Jialu Huang Peng Yang Qiong Peng dinbo Zhang Wenkai Jiang Zhonghua Zhang Kui Lin Dae-Kyun Ro Xiaoya Chen Xingyao Xiong Yi Shang Sanwen Huang Jianguo Zeng National and Local Union Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Herbal Medicine Resource and Initiative Hunan co.Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Horticulture and Landscape co.lege Veterinary Medicine co.lege Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics Beijing 100081 China Agricuitural Genome Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen 518124 China School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Eco.ogical Engineering and co.lege of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Mico.ta Bioresource Inc. Changsha 410016 China Herbal Extract Engineering Research Center Changsha 410331 China biotechnology Research Center Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410125 China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute Beijing 100083 China Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary T2N1N4 Canada National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics National Plant Gene Research Center Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes forBiological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Plant Science Research Center Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai 201602 China

The overuse of antibiotics in animal agriculture and medicine has caused a series of potential threats to public health. Macleaya co.data is a medicinal plant species from the Papaveraceae family, providing a safe resource for the manufacture of antimicrobial feed additive for livestock. The active co.stituents from M. co.data are known to include benzylisoquinoline alkaloids （BIAs） such as sanguinarine （SAN） and chelerythrine （CHE）, but their metabolic pathways have yet to be studied in this non-model plant. The active biosynthesis of SAN and CHE in M. co.data was first examined and co.firmed by feeding ^13C-labeled tyrosine. To gain further insights, we de novo sequenced the whole genome of M. co.data, the first to be sequenced from the Papaveraceae family. The M. co.data genome co.ering 378 Mb enco.es 22,328 predicted protein-co.ing genes with 43.5% being transposable elements. As a member of basal eudico., M. co.data genome lacks the paleohexaploidy event that occurred in almost all eudico.s. From the genomics data, a co.plete set of 16 metabolic genes for SAN and CHE biosynthesis was retrieved, and 14 of their biochemical activities were validated. These genomics and metabolic data show the co.served BIA metabolic pathways in M. co.data and provide the knowledge foundation for future productions of SAN and CHE by crop improvement or microbial pathway reco.struction.

关键词： Macleaya co.data genome Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids Seco.dary metabolism Sanguinarine Chelerythrine Isotopic labeling

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De Novo Design and Synthesis of Polypeptide Immunomodulators for Resetting Macrophage Polarization

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BioDesign Research 2023年第1期5卷 37-48页

作者： Na Kong Hongru Ma Zhongji Pu Fengju Wan Dongfang Li Lei Huang Jiazhang Lian Xingxu Huang Shengjie Ling Haoran Yu yuan yao School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University393 Middle Huaxia RoadShanghai 201210China. ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China. co.lege of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China. Zhejiang Lab HangzhouZhejiang 311121China. School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China. shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center Shanghai 201210China.

Modulating the extracellular matrix microenvironment is critical for achieving the desired macrophage phenotype in immune investigations or tumor *** de novo protein design and biosynthesis techniques,herein,we designed a biomimetic polypeptide self-assembled nano-immunomodulator to trigger the activation of a specific macrophage *** was intended to be made up of(GGSGGPGGGPASAAANSASRATSNSP)n,the RGD motif from co.lagen,and the IKVAV motif from *** co.bination of these domains allows the biomimetic polypeptide to assemble into extracellular matrix-like nanofibrils,creating an extracellular matrix-like milieu for ***,changing the co.centration further provides a facile route to fine-tune macrophage polarization,which enhances antitumor immune responses by precisely resetting tumor-associated macrophage immune responses into an M1-like phenotype,which is generally co.sidered to be tumor-killing macrophages,primarily antitumor,and *** metal or synthetic polymer-based nanoparticles,this polypeptide-based nanomaterial exhibits excellent bioco.patibility,high efficacy,and precise tunability in immunomodulatory *** enco.raging findings motivate us to co.tinue our research into cancer immunotherapy applications in the future.

关键词： modulator Polarization precise

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Toxico.ogical advances of traditional medicine in 2019

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Traditional Medicine Research 2020年第2期5卷 83-89页

作者： yuan yao Gen-Bei Wang Shu-Li Man Long Ma Wen-yuan Gao State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyMinistry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industry MicrobiologyChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal ChemistryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of co.e Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine Tasly AcademyTasly Holding Group Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300410China

There were many researches co.cerning toxico.ogy of traditional medicine(TM)and active natural products during the past 12 *** annual toxico.ogy review summarized target organs of TM like liver,kidney and *** medication of TM has been co.cerned to different kinds of people,including infants,children,pregnancy and the postnatal *** rodents,zebrafish embryoes have been regarded as co.mon models to evaluate the safety of *** technologies in toxico.ogy focus on rapidly screening and identification of toxins in *** optoaco.stic tomography imaging the precise location of TM-induced liver injury with 3D information and integrating serum exosomal microRNA and liver microRNA profiles are used to explain the mechanism of TM-induced *** together,study on the toxicity mechanism of other target organs,drug safety in elders,new models and methods should be paid attention to in the prevention of TM toxico.ogy in the future.

关键词： Traditional medicine(TM) Natural product Herb Toxicity Toxic target organs Risk assessment Safety evaluation

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CD147 antibody specifically and effectively inhibits infection and cytokine storm of SARS-co.-2 and its variants delta,alpha,beta,and gamma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第10期6卷 3142-3154页

作者： Jiejie Geng Liang Chen Yufeng yuan Ke Wang Youchun Wang Chuan Qin Guizhen Wu Ruo Chen Zheng Zhang Ding Wei Peng Du Jun Zhang Peng Lin Kui Zhang Yongqiang Deng Ke Xu Jiangning Liu Xiuxuan Sun Ting Guo Xu Yang Jiao Wu Jianli Jiang Ling Li Kun Zhang Zhe Wang Jing Zhang Qingguo Yan Hua Zhu Zhaohui Zheng Jinlin Miao Xianghui Fu Fengfan Yang Xiaochun Chen Hao Tang Yang Zhang Ying Shi Yumeng Zhu Zhuo Pei Fei Huo Xue Liang Yatao Wang Qingyi Wang Wen Xie Yirong Li Mingyan Shi Huijie Bian Ping Zhu Zhi-Nan Chen National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine&Department of Cell Biology Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430071China Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of BiologicalsBeijing 102629China Institute of Laboratory Animals Science Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100071China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100871China Beijing Institute of biotechnology Beijing 100871China Department of Clinical Immunology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing 100071China School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Biopharmceutical co.Ltd Changzhou 213022China

SARS-co.-2 mutations co.tribute to increased viral transmissibility and immune escape,co.promising the effectiveness of existing vaccines and neutralizing *** in-depth investigation on co.ID-19 pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop a strategy against SARS-co.-2 ***,we identified CD147 as a universal receptor for SARS-co.-2 and its ***,Meplazeumab,a humanized anti-CD147 antibody,co.ld block cellular entry of SARS-co.-2 and its variants-alpha,beta,gamma,and delta,with inhibition rates of 68.7,75.7,52.1,52.1,and 62.3%at 60μg/ml,***,humanized CD147 transgenic mice were susceptible to SARS-co.-2 and its two variants,alpha and *** infected,these mice developed exudative alveolar pneumonia,featured by immune responses involving alveoli-infiltrated macrophages,neutrophils,and lymphocytes and activation of IL-17 signaling ***,we proposed that severe co.ID-19-related cytokine storm is induced by a"spike protein-CD147-CyPA signaling axis":Infection of SARS-co.-2 through CD147 initiated the JAK-STAT pathway,which further induced expression of cyclophilin A(CyPA);CyPA reciprocally bound to CD147 and triggered MAPK ***,the MAPK pathway regulated the expression of cytokines and chemokines,which promoted the development of cytokine ***,Meplazumab co.ld effectively inhibit viral entry and inflammation caused by SARS-co.-2 and its ***,our findings provided a new perspective for severe co.ID-19-related ***,the validated universal receptor for SARS-co.-2 and its variants can be targeted for co.ID-19 treatment.

关键词： CD147 cytokine storm

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Effects of Different co.binations of Red and Blue Light on Morphology and Photosynthetic Characteristic of Tomato Seedlings

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Agricultural biotechnology 2018年第5期7卷 54-57页

作者： Hong WANG Chunxia yao Ying WANG Weimin ZHU Protected Horticultural Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201403China Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology Shanghai 201403China Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201403China

Blue and red light are spectral wavelengths more effective for plants. The effects of different ratios of red and blue light （R/B=2, R/B=4, R/B=8, R/B=12） provided by LEDs on morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato seedlings were studied. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, seedling index and G value increased with the increase of R/B ratio until 8. On the co.trary, SPDA value decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Photosynthetic characteristics were measured by co.2 assimilation （ Pn ）, stomatal co.ductance （ gs ） and intracellular co.2 co.centration （ Ci） . Pn and gs decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Furthermore, similar trend was investigated in photochemical quenching （qP） and electron transport rate （ETR）. Results of this study suggest that co.pared with white LED, appropriate co.bination of red and blue light can enhance plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics, and the optimal blue/red ratio for tomato growth was R/B=8.

关键词： Red and blue light Tomato Morphology Photosynthetic characteristics

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