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Eco-physiological studies on desert plants: germination of Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. seeds under different conditions

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第1期11卷 75-85页

作者： Arvind BHATT Narayana R BHAT Valentina MURRU ANDrea SANTO Kuwait Institute for scientific Research University of Cagliari Independent researcher

With the aim to investigate if the halophyte Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch. can be suitable for re-vegetation and remediation of salt-affected lands, this study evaluated(1) the effects of photoperiod, thermoperiod, storage period and wings' presence on its seed germination, and(2) the ability of its seeds to have successful germination recovery after salt stress. Germination tests in different photoperiods(12 h light/12 h darkness and total darkness) and thermoperiods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/25℃) were conducted for seeds collected in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The seeds collected in 2016 were sown under different salinity levels(0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 m M Na Cl) to assess the salinity tolerance during the germination. Wings' presence highly inhibited seed germination of this species in both photoperiods and thermoperiods under all salinity level treatments. In addition, the germination recovery occurred well when seeds were deprived of their wings. The photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h darkness and the thermoperiod of 15℃/20℃ were the best conditions for seed germination. Germination percentages of H. iraqensis seeds decreased with the increasing storage duration, especially after three years of the collection. In addition, H. iraqensis seeds were able to germinate under different salinity levels, and their germination percentages decreased with increasing salinity levels. H. iraqensis seeds have the ability to recover their germination after alleviating the salt stress, irrespective of photoperiod, highlighting the halophilous character of this species.

关键词： wings’ presence storage period photoperiod thermoperiod salt stress Halothamnus iraqensis Botsch

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Relativity Current Paradigm with Unresolved Anomalies

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第6期5卷 364-374页

作者： Alfonso Leon Guillen Gomez Independent scientific researcher Bogota Colombia

When a theory, as the general relativity, linked to special relativity, is foundation of a scientific paradigm, through normal science and academy, scientifics, professionals, professors, students and journals of that scientific community, the paradigm, it self-sustains and reproduces. Thus, the research is obligated and limited to apply the model existent of the paradigm to formulate problems and solve them, without searching new discoveries. This self-protection of the paradigm causes it to end its cycle of life, only after a long time, until that arise unresolved anomalies, some presents since origin, that they finally cause its change by other new paradigm. In this work, we study the most important anomalies that are part of the foundations of general relativity with the goal of promoting the call period of transition that is previous to scientific revolution. We use critical analysis method for rereading the general relativity, from the perspective of the history of science and philosophy of science. We find, the structural and complex anomaly of general relativity based on metaphysical spacetime that produces the metaphysics replaces physics. Also, two internal anomalies their direct consequences. These are: matter curves metaphysical spacetime, and metaphysical spacetime determines the geodesic motion of physical matter. We conclude that general relativity has no valid physical concept of spacetime, therefore of gravity. For these reasons, a new paradigm is needed.

关键词： Relativity Spacetime Gravity Physics Metaphysics Paradigm scientific Revolution

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Inter-population variabilities in seed mass and germination of Panicum turgidum and Pennisetum divisum in the desert of Kuwait

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第1期12卷 144-153页

作者： Arvind BHATT Narayana R BHAT Afaf AL-NASSER María M CARÓN AndreaSANTO Kuwait Institute for scientific Research Safat 24885Kuwait Laboratory of Botanical Research(LABIBO) Faculty of Natural SciencesNational University of Salta-CONICETSalta 4400Argentina Independent researcher Selargius 09047Italy

Understanding variability in seed germination among populations is essential for planning an effective germplasm collection for restoration and conservation *** knowledge of germination and dormancy patterns among populations of desert grasses is crucial for determining the potential of the species and populations to be used for restoration and conservation as well as forage *** in seed germination of Panicum turgidum Forssk and Pennisetum divisum(Gmel.)*** the desert of Kuwait was evaluated in different populations in May *** of seed germination(25 seeds and 4 replicates)was conducted for each population at night/day temperatures of 15℃/20℃and 20℃/30℃under the following light condition:continuous darkness or 12 h/12 h light/*** showed that seed masses of both species strongly varied according to their seed provenances,and both species produced heavier seeds in population with a higher soil electrical *** germination percentage considerably varied between two species,and the variation in *** was greater(17%–49%)than that of ***(72%–93%).Germination percentage in *** was greater at high temperature(20℃/30℃)than at low temperature(15℃/20℃).However,temperature regimes had no effect on germination percentage of *** *** germination time of both species exhibited significant inter-population *** result is especially relevant to assure the selection of the best population of each species and the regeneration success of the *** this,inter-population variability also provides valuable information for enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate seed germination and how they might be related to seed provenance.

关键词： desert grass seed germination inter-population variability seed provenance seed dormancy

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Scalar Field Model Provides a Possible Bridge between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第3期12卷 247-257页

作者： Rickey W. Austin researcher at Saint Claire scientific Research Albuquerque USA

Herein is introduced a simple scalar field model derived from classical based kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and Special Relativity’s rest mass energy. By applying a classical orbit over the scalar field, relativistic effects are predicted. The scalar field is then applied to a classical model of the Hydrogen atom resulting in a relativistic effect equal to the binding energy of the Hydrogen atom. In addition, the model derives the fine structure constant due to the gravitational effect. The relativistic effects are then discretized in increments equal to the model’s gravitational induced constant. The discretization produces the Hydrogen atom spectral emissions and an angular momentum equal to Planck’s reduced constant. The model is not presented as a replacement for current theory, rather it is for inspection and illustration of how a simplistic model may offer a fundamental bridge between the more complex, time proven theories of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.

关键词： General Relativity Quantum Mechanics Hydrogen Atom Fine Structure Con-stant Planck’s Constant

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Participation of CD45,NKR-P1A and ANK61 antigen in rat hepatic NK cell(pit cell)-mediated target cell cytotoxicity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第4期6卷 546-552页

作者： David Vermiilen Bülent Ahishali Vasilis Triantis Karin Vanderkerken Peter J. K.Kuppen Eddie Wisse Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology. Department of Hematology and immunology Free University of Brussels(VUB)Brussels-JetteBelgium K Vanderkerken is a postdoctoral researcher of the Fund for scientific Research Flanders. Department of Surgery and Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

AIM Several triggering receptors have beendescribed to be involved in natural killer（NK）cell-mediated target *** these studies,NKcells derived from blood or spleen were *** are liver-specific NK cells that possess ahigher level of natural cytotoxicity and a differentmorphology when compared to blood NK *** aim of this study was to characterize the roleof the NK-triggering molecules NKR-P1A,ANK61antigen,and CD45 in pit cell-mediated killing oftarget *** 51Cr-release and DNA fragmentationwere used to quantify target cell lysis andapoptosis,*** Flow cytometric analysis showed thatpit cells expressed CD45,NKR-P1A,and *** of pit cells with monoclonalantibody（mAb）to CD45（ANK74）not onlyinhibited CC531s or YAC-1 target lysis but alsoapoptosis induced by pit *** mAbs to NKR-P1A（3.2.3）and ANK61 antigen（ANK61）had no effect on pit cell-mediated CC531s or YAC-1 targetcytolysis or apoptosis,while they did increase theFcγ receptor positive（FcγR+）P815 cytolysis *** enhanced cytotoxicity could beinhibited by 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin,an inhibitorof *** These results indicate that CD45participates in pit cell-mediated CC531s and YAC-1target cytolysis and ***-P1A andANK61 antigen on pit cells function as activationstructures against FcγR+ P815 cells,which wasmediated by the perforin/granzyme pathway.

关键词： hepatic NK cells pit cells cytolysis apoptosis perforin/granzyme pathway

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Current state of knowledge on the excretion of mRNA and spike produced by anti-COVID-19 mRNA vaccines;possibility of contamination of the entourage of those vaccinated by these products

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Infectious Diseases Research 2022年第4期3卷 20-30页

作者： Helene Banoun Pharmacist biologist Former Inserm researcherMember of the Independent Scientific CouncilMarseille 13000France

The massive COVID-19 vaccination campaign is the first time that mRNA vaccines have been used on a global *** mRNA vaccines correspond exactly to the definition of gene therapy of the American and European regulatory *** regulations require excretion studies of these drugs and their products(the translated proteins).These studies have not been done for mRNA vaccines(nor for adenovirus vaccines).There are numerous reports of symptoms and pathologies identical to the adverse effects of mRNA vaccines in unvaccinated persons in contact with freshly vaccinated *** is therefore important to review the state of knowledge on the possible excretion of vaccine nanoparticles as well as mRNA and its product,the spike *** mRNA-carrying lipid nanoparticles spread after injection throughout the body according to available animal studies and vaccine mRNA(naked or in nanoparticles or in natural exosomes)is found in the bloodstream as well as vaccine spike in free form or encapsulated in exosomes(shown in human studies).Lipid nanoparticles(or their natural equivalent,exosomes or extracellular vesicles(EVs))have been shown to be able to be excreted through body fluids(sweat,sputum,breast milk)and to pass the transplacental *** EVs are also able to penetrate by inhalation and through the skin(healthy or injured)as well as orally through breast milk(and why not during sexual intercourse through semen,as this has not been studied).It is urgent to enforce the legislation on gene therapy that applies to mRNA vaccines and to carry out studies on this subject while the generalization of mRNA vaccines is being considered.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine vaccine shedding COVID vaccine adverse effects Lipid nanoparticles LNPs mRNA vaccine exosome exosome excretion route gene therapy spike protein LNPs excretion routes exosomes penetration

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Disclosing and Evaluating Artistic Research

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2019年第3期4卷 35-54页

作者： Florian Vanlee Walter Ysebaert researcher Arts & Design Research Outcomes Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Purpose: This study expands on the results of a stakeholder-driven research project on quality indicators and output assessment of art and design research in Flanders-the Northern, Dutchspeaking region of Belgium. Herein, it emphasizes the value of arts & design output registration as a modality to articulate the disciplinary demarcations of art and design ***/methodology/approach: The particularity of art and design research in Flanders is first analyzed and compared to international examples. Hereafter, the results of the stakeholderdriven project on the creation of indicators for arts & design research output assessment are discussed. Findings: The findings accentuate the importance of allowing an assessment culture to emerge from practitioners themselves, instead of imposing ill-suited methods borrowed from established scientific evaluation models(Biggs & Karlsson, 2011)-notwithstanding the practical difficulties it generates. They point to the potential of stakeholder-driven approaches for artistic research, which benefits from constructing a shared metadiscourse among its practitioners regarding the continuities and discontinuities between "artistic" and "traditional" research, and the communal goals and values that guide its knowledge production(Biggs & Karlsson, 2011;Hellstr?m, 2010;Ysebaert & Martens, 2018). Research limitation: The central limitation of the study is that it focuses exclusively on the "Architecture & Design" panel of the project, and does not account for intra-disciplinary complexities in output assessment. Practical implications: The goal of the research project is to create a robust assessment system for arts & design research in Flanders, which may later guide similar international projects. Originality/value: This study is currently the only one to consider the productive potential of(collaborative) PRFSs for artistic research.

关键词： Artistic research Output registration Performance-based Research Funding Systems (PRFSs) Stakeholder-driven Evaluation Model

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Influence of abiotic factors on phytochemical diversity of Anacardium occidentale L.

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 1133-1143页

作者： Adrielle Rodrigues Costa Jailson Renato de Lima Silva Pedro Silvino Pereira Jos´e Weverton Almeida-Bezerra Maria Aurea Soares de Oliveira Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro Edy Sousa de Brito Marcos Antonio Drumond Jo˜ao Tavares Calixto Júnior Jean Paul Kamdem Antonia Eliene Duarte Luiz Marivando Barros Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho researcher at the Structural and Molecular Biology Laboratory Center for Agricultural Sciences and Biodiversity Federal University of CaririCratoCEBrazil researcher at the Biology and Toxicology Laboratory of the Regional University of Cariri CratoCEBrazil researcher at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Tropical Agribusiness FortalezaCEBrazil researcher at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Semiarid PetrolinaPEBrazil Department of Biological Sciences University of Regional Cariri(URCA)CEP63105-000CratoCEBrazil researcher at the Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology Regional University of CaririCratoCEBrazil

To understand the influence of environmental factors on the metabolic diversity of phytochemical compounds from extracts of leaves and bark of Anacardium occidentale,collected in two different geographic areas,ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used,as well as the composition of physicochemical properties of both soils at the collection site(“Lavras da Mangabeira”and“Crato”).It was possible to observe physicochemical differences between the soils of the two collection areas and some *** present granulometry with a sandy texture,with high values of total sand,with acid pH,and variation in porosity *** micronutrients with the highest accumulation in the soil,with emphasis on the predominance of P(Phosphorus)and Al(Aluminium)mainly in the 20-40 cm layer in ***-three phytochemical compounds were identified in the leaf and bark extracts,of which 28 were present in the leaves and 20 in the bark *** this total,13 were present in at least one of the parts of the plant(leaf or bark),and most were present in both Crato and Lavras da Mangabeira,presenting mainly phenolic acids,flavonoids and tannins in all extracts *** extracts showed similarities between the groups of *** together,this study may be relevant to assess environmental influences on the production of secondary metabolites.

关键词： LC/MS Anacardiaceae Cashew tree UPLC-QTOF Ground

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Why are children and many adults not affected by COVID-19? Role of the host immune response

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Infectious Diseases Research 2022年第3期3卷 29-40页

作者： Hélène Banoun Pharmacist biologist Former Inserm researcherMember of the Independent Scientific CouncilMarseille 13000France.

Children are less susceptible to COVID-19 than adults:they often have asymptomatic and very rarely severe *** protection is valid for all variants of the *** aim here is to compare the immune response of children with that of adults,asymptomatic adults or those with mild disease with those who develop severe *** protective factors for children have been mentioned but some of them do not seem to be ***,there is no clear difference in the quantity of virus receptors(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),transmembrane serine protease 2(TMPRSS2))present according to age that could explain a lesser entry of the virus into the cells of the nose,oropharynx and lungs of *** fact,children and adults generally have similar viral loads and respiratory tract *** adults,like children,have antibodies(and T cells)that cross-react with human coronavirus(HCoVs)and respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),but this humoral reactivity does not correlate with disease severity in adults;the difference appears to be more qualitative(IgM and anti-S in children and IgG and IgA and anti-N in adults)than quantitative,and mildly affected adults have some of the characteristics of the cross-reactivities of *** the cellular level,the difference between children and adults lies more in the naivety of the T cells *** amount of salivary and mucosal IgA is negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with the absence of Covid infection:these IgAs are different and more effective than serum *** COVID-19 is characterized by hyperinflammation following invasion of the lower respiratory tract when the virus has not been cleared from the upper respiratory tract by innate *** is associated with an alteration of the immune system,often with a chronic hyperinflammatory state:deficient innate immunity combined with age-related dysregulation of adaptive immunity could cause severe *** innate cell

关键词： COVID-19 outcome children immune response inflamm-aging ACE2 cross-immunity

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Timelessness and Time Dependence of Human Consciousness From a scientific Western Viewpoint

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2014年第8期4卷 525-536页

作者： Franz Klaus Jansen Independent researcher

Eastern philosophy and western science have convergent and divergent viewpoints for their explanation of consciousness. Convergence is found for the practice of meditation allowing besides a time dependent consciousness, the experience of a timeless consciousness and its beneficial effect on psychological wellbeing and medical improvements, which are confirmed by multiple scientific publications. Theories of quantum mechanics with non-locality and timelessness also show astonishing correlation to eastern philosophy, such as the theory of Penrose-Hameroff （ORC-OR）, which explains consciousness by reduction of quantum superposition in the brain. Divergence appears in the interpretation of the subjective experience of timeless consciousness. In eastern philosophy, meditation at a higher level of awareness allows the personal experience of timeless and non-dual consciousness, considered as an empirical proof for the existence of pure consciousness or spirituality existing before the material world and creating it by design. Western science acknowledges the subjective, non-dual experience, and its multiple beneficial effects, however, the interpretation of spirituality designing the material universe is in disagreement with the Darwinian Theory of mutation and selection. A design should create an ideal universe without the injustice of 3% congenital birth defects and later genetic health problems. The western viewpoint of selection is more adapted to explain congenital errors. The gap between subjectivity and objectivity, the mind-body problem, is in eastern philosophy reduced to the dominance of subjectivity over objectivity, whereas western science attributes equal values to both. Nevertheless, there remains an astonishing complementarity between eastern and western practices.

关键词： consciousness meditation timelessness time dependence quantum mechanics eastern philosophy western philosophy of science

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