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Denitrification-nitrification process in permeable coastal sediments: An investigation on the effect of salinity and nitrate availability using flow-through reactors

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第9期40卷 1-12页

作者： Shan Jiang Mark Kavanagh Juan Severino Pino Ibánhez Carlos Rocha State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal research East China Normal University school of Natural Sciences Trinity College Dublin Trinity centre for the environment School of Natural Sciences Trinity College Dublin Instituto de Investigacións Mari?as Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Permeable coastal sediments act as a reactive node in the littoral zone,transforming nutrients via a wide range of biogeochemical *** rates are controlled by abiotic factors,e.g.,salinity,temperature or solute ***,a series of incubation experiments,using flow-through reactors,were conducted to simulate the biogeochemical cycling of nitrate (NO3~?) and phosphorus (P) in permeable sediments under differentNO3~?availability conditions (factor I) along a salinity gradient (admixture of river and seawater,factor II).In an oligotrophic scenario,i.e.,unamendedNO3~?concentrations in both river and seawater,sediments acted as a permanent net source ofNO3~?to the water *** peak production rate occurred at an intermediate salinity(20).IncreasingNO3~?availability in river water significantly enhanced netNO3~?removal rates within the salinity range of 0 to 30,likely via the denitrification pathway based on the sediment microbiota *** this scenario,the most active removal was obtained at salinity of *** both river and seawater were spiked with NO3~?,the highest removal rate switched to the highest salinity (36).It suggests the salinity preference of theNO3~?removal pathway by local denitrifiers (e.g.,Bacillus and Paracoccus) and thatNO3~?removal in coastal sediments can be significantly constrained by the dilution relatedNO3~?*** with the obtained variation forNO3~?reactions,permeable sediments acted as a sink of soluble reactive P in all treatments,regardless of salinity andNO3~?input concentrations,indicating a possibility of P-deficiency for coastal water from the intensive cycling in permeable ***,the net production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in all treatments was positively correlated with the measuredNO3~?reaction rates,indicating that the DOC supply may not be the key factor forNO3~?removal rates due to the consumption by intensive aerobic *** the intensive pr

关键词： NO3−production and removal flow-through reactors salinity stable isotopes permeable sediments

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云南降水中稳定同位素变化的模拟和比较

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地理科学 2012年第1期32卷 121-128页

作者：章新平关华德孙治安孙广禄张新主吴华武湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院湖南长沙410081 school of the environment National Centrefor Groundwater Research and TrainingFlinders UniversityAdelaide 5001AU centre for AustralianWeather and Climate research Melbourne 3001AU

利用MUGCM的模拟,云南地区日、月、年时间尺度下降水中稳定同位素的变化、降水量效应以及δD/δ18O之间的关系被分析。无论是在日时间尺度下还是在月、年时间尺度下,降水同位素均存在显著的降水量效应。与实测结果相比,模拟的降水中δ18... 详细信息

利用MUGCM的模拟,云南地区日、月、年时间尺度下降水中稳定同位素的变化、降水量效应以及δD/δ18O之间的关系被分析。无论是在日时间尺度下还是在月、年时间尺度下,降水同位素均存在显著的降水量效应。与实测结果相比,模拟的降水中δ18O与降水量之间具有更强的相关性。对于单站而言,蒙自站和腾冲站的大气水线被较好地模拟。但在思茅站和昆明站,模拟结果未能准确再现实际降水中δD与δ18O的关系,模拟的大气水线斜率比实测结果偏高。这意味着,在云南这个特殊的地区,模式可能高估了HDO的贫化。

关键词：云南稳定同位素模拟降水量效应大气水线

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Unlocking the electrocatalytic activity of natural chalcopyrite using mechanochemistry

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 275-283页

作者： Zhijie Chen Renji Zheng Wenfei Wei Wei Wei Bing-Jie Ni Hong Chen centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW 2007Australia State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-groundwater Pollution Control Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials(SKLISEM)School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

Manipulating the structure self-reconstruction of transition metal sulfide-based(pre)catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) process is of great interest for developing cost-effective OER catalysts,which remains a central challenge. Here we realize a deep structure self-reconstruction of natural chalcopyrite to unlock its OER performance via mechanochemical activation. Compared with the manually milled counterpart(CuFeS_(2)-HM), the mechanically milled catalyst(CuFeS_(2)-BM) with a reduced crystallinity exhibits a 7.11 times higher OER activity at 1.53 V vs. RHE. In addition, the CuFeS_(2)-BM requires a low overpotential of 243 mV for generating 10 mA cm^(-2) and exhibits good stability over 24 h. Further investigations suggest that the excellent OER performance of CuFeS_(2)-BM mainly originates from the decreased crystallinity induced the in situ deep structure self-reconstruction of the originally sulfides into the electroactive and stable metal(oxy)hydroxide phase(e.g., a-Fe OOH) via S etching under OER conditions. This study demonstrates that regulating the crystallinity of catalysts is a promising design strategy for developing highly efficient OER catalysts via managing the structure self-reconstruction process, which can be further extended to the design of efficient catalysts for other advanced energy conversion devices. In addition, this study unveils the great potentials of engineering abundant natural minerals as cost-effective catalysts for diverse applications.

关键词： Mechanochemistry Crystallinity Oxygen evolution reaction Self-reconstruction Mineral electrocatalysts

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Effects of Aerobic and Anoxic Conditions on the Corrosion Behavior of NiCu Low Alloy Steel in the Simulated groundwater Solutions

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第5期36卷 745-757页

作者： Xin Wei Yupeng Sun Junhua Dong Nan Chen Qiying Ren Wei Ke Shenyang national Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China school of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China environmental Corrosion centre of Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China

The present work focused on investigating the corrosion behavior of NiCu low alloy steel in 0.05 M NaHCO_(3) solutions with different Cl−concentrations under the aerobic–anoxic *** results showed that NiCu steel tended to be pseudo-passivated in the solutions of 0.05 M NaHCO_(3) and 0.05 M NaHCO_(3)+0.01 M NaCl exposed to *** cathodic process transformed from oxygen reduction to the common reduction of oxygen andα-FeOOH,while the anodic process was the iron *** Cl^(−)increased to 0.1 M,the steel tended to be activity *** to the blocking effect of rust layer on the oxygen,the cathodic process transformed to the reduction ofα-*** the solutions were deoxidized,the cathodic process was controlled by only rust ***,both the cathodic process and anodic process of NiCu steel corrosion were significantly *** the whole aerobic–anoxic immersion,the corrosion rate of NiCu steel increased with Cl^(−)*** was not only related to the promotion of Cl^(−)on the anodic dissolution of steel,but also related to the cathodic reduction of moreα-FeOOH generated,which could accelerate the cathodic process.

关键词： Low alloy steel Aerobic-anoxic condition Corrosion behavior Corrosion products Electrochemical measurements

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Understanding the role of alloyed Ni and Cu on improving corrosion resistance of low alloy steel in the simulated Beishan groundwater

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第35期130卷 124-135页

作者： Yupeng Sun Xin Wei Junhua Dong Nan Chen Hanyu Zhao Qiying Ren Wei Ke school of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Shenyang national Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China environmental Corrosion centre of Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The corrosion behavior of NiCu low alloy steel and Q235 low carbon steel as the candidate materials for geological disposal containers of high-level radioactive waste in the simulated Beishan groundwater was comparatively studied by weight loss test,electrochemical measurements,scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron probe microanalysis(EPMA),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The electrochemical results showed that the corrosion potential of NiCu steel and Q235 steel gradually increased with the immersion ***,the cathodic process transited from hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) control to the rust reduction control,while the anodic process was always dominated by the active dissolution of *** comparison,both the cathodic resistance and the anodic dissolution resistance of NiCu steel corrosion were apparently higher than that of Q235 *** results of rust layer characterization indicated that Ni and Cu elements could be enriched in the inner rust layer of NiCu steel and the rust layer was more *** the main corrosion products,the content of α-FeOOH in the rust layer of NiCu steel was obviously increased more than that of Q235 ***_(6)(OH)_(12)SO_(4)stably existed in the corrosion products of NiCu steel because Ni(Ⅱ) or Cu(Ⅱ)could substitute Fe(Ⅱ) of Fe_(6)(OH)_(12)SO_(4)and increased its oxidation resistance,Moreover,Ni and Cu could also make Fe3O4ionic selective by *** the long-term immersion,the corrosion mass loss of NiCu steel was significantly lower than Q235 steel,which further confirmed the benefits of Ni and Cu alloying on improving the steel corrosion resistance.

关键词： Deep geological disposal Container material groundwater Corrosion behavior Electrochemical measurement

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When nets meet environmental DNA metabarcoding:integrative approach to unveil invertebrate community patterns of hypersaline lakes

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1331-1340页

作者： Matthew A.CAMPBELL Alex LAINI Nicole E.WHITE Morten E.ALLENTOFT Mattia SACCÒ Trace and environmental DNA(TrEnD)Laboratory School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerth 6102WAAustralia Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of TurinTurin 10124Italy Subterranean research and groundwater Ecology(SuRGE)Group Trace and Environmental DNA(TrEnD)LaboratorySchool of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerth 6102WAAustralia Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics centre Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1353Denmark

Saline and hypersaline wetlands account for almost half of the volume of inland water *** provide pivotal habitat for a vast range of species,including crucial ecosystem services for humans such as carbon sink storage and extractive resource *** their importance,effective ecological assessment is in its infancy compared to current conventional surveys carried out in freshwater *** integration of environmental DNA(eDNA)analysis and traditional techniques has the potential to transform biomonitoring processes,particularly in remote and understudied saline *** this context,this preliminary study aims to explore the potential of eDNA coupled with conventional approaches by targeting five hypersaline lakes at Rottnest Island(Wadjemup)in Western *** focused on the invertebrate community,a widely accepted key ecological indicator to assess the conservational status in rivers and *** combination of metabarcoding with morphology-based taxonomic analysis described 16 taxa belonging to the orders Anostraca,Diptera,Isopoda,and ***-based diversity assessment revealed more taxa at higher taxonomic resolution than the morphology-based taxonomic ***,certain taxa(i.e.,Ephydridae,Stratyiomidae,Ceratopogonidae)were only identified via net ***,our results indicate that great potential resides in combining conventional net-based surveys with novel eDNA approaches in saline and hypersaline ***,urgent and effective conservational frameworks are required to contrast the enormous pressure that these ecosystems are increasingly *** investigations at larger spatial temporal scales will allow consolidation of robust,reliable,and affordable biomonitoring frameworks in the underexplored world of saline wetlands.

关键词： macroinvertebrate hypersaline e nvironmental DNA(eDNA) conservation ecological survey community composition

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基于ConvLSTM的地面沉降时空预测

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地理学报:英文版 2023年第10期33卷 2131-2156页

作者：冷靖高明亮宫辉力陈蓓蓓周超凡史珉陈征李翔 Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Mechanism Prevention and Mitigation of Land SubsidenceMOECapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Resources environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Hebei Cangzhou groundwater and Land Subsidence national Observation and research Station Cangzhou 061000HebeiChina school of Electrical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019JiangsuChina Technical centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China

Land subsidence is a geohazard phenomenon caused by the lowering of land elevation due to the compression of the sinking land soil body,thus creating an excessive constraint on the safe construction and sustainable development of *** use of accurate and efficient means for land subsidence prediction is of remarkable importance for preventing land subsidence and ensuring urban *** the current time-series prediction method can accomplish relatively high accuracy,the predicted settlement points are independent of each other,and the existence of spatial dependence in the data itself is *** order to unlock this problem,a spatial convolutional long short-term memory neural network(ConvLSTM)based on the spatio-temporal prediction method for land subsidence is *** this end,a cloud platform is employed to obtain a long time series deformation dataset from May 2017 to November 2021 in the understudied area.A convolutional structure to extract spatial features is utilized in the proposed model,and an LSTM structure is linked to the model for time-series prediction to achieve unified modeling of temporal and spatial correlation,thereby rationally predicting the land subsidence progress trend and *** experimental results reveal that the prediction results of the ConvLSTM model are more accurate than those of the LSTM in about 62%of the understudied area,and the overall mean absolute error(MAE)is reduced by about 7%.The achieved results exhibit better prediction in the subsidence center region,and the spatial distribution characteristics of the subsidence data are effectively *** present prediction results are more consistent with the distribution of real subsidence and could provide more accurate and reasonable scientific references for subsidence prevention and control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

关键词： land subsidence deep learning ConvLSTM spatio-temporal prediction cloud platform

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Evaluation of SWAT Model performance on glaciated and non-glaciated subbasins of Nam Co Lake, Southern Tibetan Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1075-1097页

作者： Muhammad ADNAN KANG Shi-chang ZHANG Guo-shuai Muhammad Naveed ANJUM Muhammad ZAMAN ZHANG Yu-qing State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Key Laboratory of Tibetan environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Hydrology Water-Land Resources in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Irrigation & Drainage University of AgricultureFaisalabad research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering & Technology Jiangsu University school of Urban and environmental Sciences Huaiyin Normal University

This paper presents an assessment of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) on a glaciated(Qugaqie) and a non-glaciated(Niyaqu) subbasin of the Nam Co Lake. The Nam Co Lake is located in the southern Tibetan Plateau, two subbasins having catchment areas of 59 km^2 and 388 km^2, respectively. The scores of examined evaluation indices(i.e., R^2, NSE, and PBIAS) established that the performance of the SWAT model was better on the monthly scale compared to the daily scale. The respective monthly values of R^2, NSE, and PBIAS were 0.94, 0.97, and 0.50 for the calibration period while 0.92, 0.88, and -8.80 for the validation period. Glacier melt contribution in the study domain was simulated by using the SWAT model in conjunction with the Degree Day Melt(DDM) approach. The conjunction of DDM with the SWAT Model ensued improved results during both calibration(R^2=0.96, NSE=0.95, and PBIAS=-13.49) and validation (R^2=0.97, NSE=0.96, and PBIAS=-2.87) periods on the monthly time scale. Average contribution(in percentage) of water balance components to the total streamflow of Niyaqu and Qugaqie subbasins was evaluated. We found that the major portion(99.45%) of the streamflow in the Niyaqu subbasin was generated by snowmelt or rainfall surface runoff(SURF_Q), followed by groundwater(GW_Q, 0.47%), and lateral(LAT_Q, 0.06%) flows. Conversely, in the Qugaqie subbasin, major contributor to the streamflow(79.63%) was glacier melt(GLC_Q), followed by SURF_Q(20.14%), GW_Q(0.13%), and LAT_Q(0.089%). The contribution of GLC_Q was the highest(86.79%) in July and lowest(69.95%) in September. This study concludes that the performance of the SWAT model in glaciated catchment is weak without considering glacier component in modeling; however, it performs reasonably well in non-glaciated catchment. Furthermore, the temperature index approach with elevation bands is viable in those catchments where streamflows are driven by snowmelt. Therefore, it is recommended to use the SWAT Model in con

关键词： SWAT Model Nam Co Lake Degree-day melt model Streamflow Hydrological Response Unit

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Importance and vulnerability of lakes and reservoirs supporting drinking water in China

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Fundamental research 2023年第2期3卷 265-273页

作者： Yunlin Zhang Jianming Deng Boqiang Qin Guangwei Zhu Yinjun Zhang Erik Jeppesen Yindong Tong State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China China national environmental Monitoring centre 8(B)Dayangfang Beiyuan RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100012China Department of Ecoscience and Arctic research centre Aarhus University8600SilkeborgDenmark Sino-Danish centre for Education and research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityErdemli-Mersin 33731Turkey school of environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Drinking water is closely related to human health,disease and mortality,and contaminated drinking water causes 485,000 deaths from diarrhea each year *** has been facing increasingly severe water scarcity due to both water shortages and poor water *** safe and clean drinking water is a great challenge and top priority,especially for China with 1.4 billion *** China,more than 4000 centralized drinking water sources including rivers,lakes and reservoirs,and groundwater have been established to serve urban ***,there is little knowledge on the percentage,serving population and water quality of three centralized drinking water source *** collected nationwide centralized drinking water sources data and serving population data covering 395 prefecture-level and county-level cities and water quality data in the two most populous provinces(Guangdong and Shandong)to examine their contribution and ***,the drinking water source types can be classified into three clear regions exhibiting apparent differences in the respective contributions of rivers,lakes and reservoirs,and *** further found that overall,lakes and reservoirs account for 40.6%of the centralized drinking water sources ***(30.8%)and groundwater(28.6%)in *** and reservoirs are particularly important in the densely populated eastern region,where they are used as drinking water sources by 51.0%of the population(318 million).Moreover,the contribution to the drinking water supply from lakes and reservoirs is increasing due to their better water quality and many cross-regional water transfer *** results will be useful for the government to improve and optimize the establishment of centralized drinking water sources,which provide safe and clean drinking water in China to safeguard people's lives and health and realize sustainable development goals.

关键词： Centralized drinking water source Drinking water safety Lakes and reservoirs Population Water quality

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Evaluation of aquifer hydraulic properties from resistivity and pumping test data in parts of Gwagwalada,Northcentral Nigeria

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Journal of groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 309-320页

作者： ILUNGA Nyembwe AMADI Akobundu Nwanosike Gilbert NDATIMANA Nelson OKOT Raphal TSHIMANGA Muamba Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of OilGas and Renewable EnergiesUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Depalment of Geology School of Physical SciencesFederal Universily of TechnologyMinnaNigeria Congo Basin Water Resources research Center(CRREBaC) University of Kinshasa(UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Applied Hydrobiology Unit Department of Animal BiologyFederal University of TechnologyNiger StateMinna PMB 65920101Nigeria Center of Excellence in Bidiversity and Natural Resources Management University of RwandaP.O Box:512ButareHuyeRwanda centre for Remote Sensing and GIS School of Natural Resources and Environmental StudiesUniversity of JubaSouth-Soudan Department of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Kinshasa(UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Population upsurge in Gwagwalada increased water demand in the area,thereby stressing water resources in the *** properties in parts of Gwagwalada in North-Central Nigeria were therefore investigated using resistivity and hydrogeological *** water level measurements of hand dug wells were used to determine the groundwater flow direction for the area which coincides with the North East-South West joint *** rate pumping test was adopted for the research and 10 boreholes were *** weathered/fractured basement range from 7.5 m to 56.7 *** transmissivity values in the area ranged from 0.35 m^(2)/d to 3.63 m^(2)/d while the hydraulic conductivity range from 0.045 m/d to 0.18 m/*** Vertical Electrical Soundings(VES)were carried out on the *** geoelectric sections revealed four to five layers and the longitudinal conductance varied from 0.11Ω^(-1)to 0.37Ω^(-1).The results of the investigation characterized the groundwater potential in the study area into low and moderate while the aquifer protective capacity into weak and moderate *** efficacy of resistivity and pumping test data in quantifying aquifer properties has been established in this *** findings of this study shed light on the properties of ground water and aquifer protective capacity in the area,hence assist in the effective future groundwater resources exploitation.

关键词： Transmissivity VES Dar Zarrouk Parameters groundwater Potential Aquifer Protective Capacity

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