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A cross-sectional analysis of the effectiveness of a nutritional support programme for people with tuberculosis in Southern Madagascar using secondary data from a non-governmental organisation

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 101-102页

作者： Mara Anna Franke Julius Valentin Emmrich Fierenantsoa Ranjaharinony Onja GbrilleRavololohanitra Harizaka Emmanuel Andriamasy Samuel Knauss Nadine Muller Global Digital Health Lab at Charité Center for Global Health Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany London school of Hygiene and tropical medicine London UK Ärzte Für Madagaskar E.V. Leipzig Germany Heidelberg Institute of Global Health Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Doctors for Madagascar Antananarivo Madagascar Speciality Network: Infectious Diseases and Respiratory medicine Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Background There is a strong,bi-directional link between tuberculosis(TB)and undernutrition:TB often causes undernutrition,and undernourished people are more likely to contract TB and experience worse ***,several TB nutritional support programmes exist;however,evidence on their effectiveness is limited and *** study evaluates the effect of a nutritional support programme implemented for people with TB in the Atsimo-Andrefana region,Madagascar in *** this programme,undernourished people with TB[with a body mass index(BMI)of<18.5 kg/m]receive 0.6 L of vegetable oil and 6.0 kg of a soy-wheat blend per month throughout their TB *** We analysed secondary non-governmental organisation data collected between January and Novem-ber 2022 in the Atsimo-Andrefana region,Southern Madagascar,including information on an individual's medical conditions(e.g.,type of TB,treatment outcomes)and nutritional status measured prior to,during,and after comple-tion of treatment(e.g.,height,weight,mid-upper arm circumference).We conducted descriptive analyses of patient baseline characteristics and outcomes to assess the impact of the provided nutritional support on the BMI of people With *** A total of 1310 people with TB were included in the study[9.9%(130)children under the age of 5,32.1%(420)children between 5 and 18 years,58.0%(760)adults].55.4% of children under 5,28.1% of children between ages 5 and 18,and 81.3%of adults were undernourished at treatment initiation.42.3%(55/130)of children under 5 experi-enced severe acute malnutrition at treatment *** the average BMl of adults with TB receiving food support increased over time,from 17.1 kg/m^(2)(interquartile range:15.8-18.3,range:10.3-22.5)to 17.9 kg/m^(2)(interquartile range:16.6-19.1,range:11.9-24.1),most adults remained undernourished even after completing TB *** The current TB nutritional support programme falls short of sufficiently increasing the BM

关键词： Tuberculosis Sub-Saharan Africa Undernutrition Nutritional support

A deterministic model for homologous antibody dependant enhancement on influenza infection

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1265-1275页

作者： Shilian Xu Jiaru Yang Department of Environment and Genetics School of AgricultureBiomedicine and EnvironmentLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC3086Australia Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC3086Australia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia The Institute for tropical medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesKunming Medical UniversityKunming650500China

Antibody dependant enhancement refers that viral infectivity was unexpectedly enhanced at low antibody concentration compared to when antibodies were absent,such as Dengue,Zika and influenza *** mathematically describe switch from enhancement to neutralisation with increase of antibody concentration,one hyperbolic tangent variant is used as switching function in existed ***,switching function with hyperbolic tangent contains four parameters,and does not always increase with antibody *** address this problem,we proposed a monotonically increasing Logistical function variant as switching function,which only contains position parameter and magnitude *** influenza viral titre estimated from 21 focus reduction assay(FRA)datasets from neutralisation group(viral titre lower than negative control on all serial dilutions)and 20 FRA dataset from enhancement group(viral titre higher than negative control on high serial dilution),switching function with Logistic function performs better than existed model independent of both groups and exhibited different behaviour/character;specifically,magnitude parameter estimated from enhancement group is lower,but position parameter estimated from enhancement group is higher.A lower magnitude parameter refers that enhancement group more rapidly switches from enhancement to neutralisation with increase of antibody concentration,and a higher position parameter indicates that enhancement group provides a larger antibody concentration interval corresponding to *** estimated neutralisation kinetics with viral replication,we demonstrated that antibody-induced bistable influenza kinetics exist independent of both ***,comparing with neutralisation group,enhancement group provides higher threshold value of antibody concentration corresponding to influenza *** explains the observed phenomenon that antibody dependent enhancement enhances susceptibility,severity,a

关键词： Antibody dependent enhancement Logistical function Switching function Influenza virus

Targeting BCL9/BCL9L enhances antigen presentation by promoting conventional type 1 dendritic cell(cDC1)activation and tumor infiltration

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2804-2818页

作者： Fenglian He Zhongen Wu Chenglong Liu Yuanyuan Zhu Yan Zhou Enming Tian Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld Dehua Yang Ming-Wei Wang Di Zhu Department of Pharmacology Minhang Hospitaland Key Laboratory of Smart Drug DeliveryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Immune TherapySchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China The National Center for Drug Screening and the CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 201203China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Research Center for Deepsea Bioresources SanyaChina Department of Chemistry School of ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Engineering Research Center of tropical medicine Innovation and Transformation of Ministry of Education School of PharmacyHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science JinanChina

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1)are the essential antigen-presenting DC subset in antitumor *** B-cell lymphoma 9 and B-cell lymphoma 9-like(BCL9/BCL9L)inhibits tumor growth and boosts immune responses against ***,whether oncogenic BCL9/BCL9L impairs antigen presentation in tumors is still not completely ***,we show that targeting BCL9/BCL9L enhanced antigen presentation by stimulating cDC1 activation and infiltration into *** inhibition of BCL9/BCL9L with a novel inhibitor hsBCL9z96 or Bcl9/Bcl9l knockout mice markedly delayed tumor growth and promoted antitumor CD8^(+)T cell ***,targeting BCL9/BCL9L promoted antigen presentation in *** is due to the increase of cDC1 activation and tumor infiltration by the XCL1-XCR1 ***,using single-cell transcriptomics analysis,we found that Bcl9/Bcl9l deficient cDC1 were superior to wild-type(WT)cDC1 at activation and antigen presentation via NF-κB/IRF1 ***,we demonstrate that targeting BCL9/BCL9L plays a crucial role in cDC1-modulated antigen presentation of tumor-derived antigens,as well as CD8^(+)T cell activation and tumor *** BCL9/BCL9L to regulate cDC1 function and directly orchestrate a positive feedback loop necessary for optimal antitumor immunity could serve as a potential strategy to counter immune suppression and enhance cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： immunity Targeting markedly

Combatting Pathogenic Bacteria with Synthetic Immunotherapeutics from Chitosan:Antibody Recruiting at Engineered Bacterial Surface with Peptidoglycan Analogs

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1448-1457页

作者： Yuan Xu Shihao Song Hongwei Duan Yinyue Deng Xue-Wei Liu school of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371 Key Laboratory of tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou 570228 school of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107

The emergence of microbial drug resistance,coupled with the paucity of new antibiotics poses an impending threat to public *** this work,we drew inspiration from synthetic peptidoglycan oligomers and successfully constructed antibody-recruiting peptidoglycan analogs,2a-d,with excellent safety profiles and high efficiencies in recruiting antibodies across different ***,we demonstrated that these peptidoglycan analogs could be readily incorporated into bacteria cell walls,whereby both simple monoclonal and pooled human serum antibodies effectively congregated to the surfaceengineered bacteria,leading to the complete extermination of the engineered bacterial cells both in vitro and in *** peptidoglycan analog agents for recruiting endogenous antibodies to combat pathogenic bacteria enable further development of promising broad-spectrum immunotherapeutics.

关键词： chitosan bacterial infection endogenous antibodies bacterial surface engineering peptidoglycan analogs

Two polyoxovanadoborates with over 100 nuclei assembled from a {V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)} cluster

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2578-2585页

作者： Shuang-Xue Wu Yu-Jiao Dong Yang Yang Chao Qin Chun-Yi Sun Wei Guan Xin-Long Wang Zhong-Min Su Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China school of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130013China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of tropical Island Resources Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Combining theoretical prediction and experimental exploration, the first sandwich-type polyoxovanadoborate(POVB) with an odd number of nuclei, [V_(11)B_(26)O_(73)(OH)_(10)]^(8-)(1), was discovered under hydrothermal conditions. Density-functional theory(DFT)gives a rationalization for the existence of this structure and the structural feature is consistent with the {V_NB_(2N+X)}(X = 2, 4, 6, 8)general formula. Excitingly, when Co and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) are introduced into the synthesis of vanadoborates system,a 100-nuclei [Co_6(phen)_(10)(H_(2)O)_8][V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)O_(144)(OH)_(20)]·28H_(2)O(2) and a 102-nuclei [Co_6(phen)_(14)(H_(2)O)_(4)][V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)O_(144)(OH)_(20)]·23H_(2)O(3) with the same core structure of [V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)]^(12-)are obtained. The vase-shaped [V_(14)Co_(12)B_(72)] polyanion is a multilayered sandwich-type structure containing seven distinct structural layers and is the largest known POVB. Furthermore, 2demonstrates exceptional thermal and chemical stability and serves as an efficient and stable catalyst for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide.

关键词： boronate metallic materials polyoxovanadoborates density functional theory photocatalysis CO_(2)reduction

Effectiveness of post-COVID-19 primary care attendance in improving survival in very old patients with multimorbidity:a territory-wide target trial emulation

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Family medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 25-35页

作者： Cuiling Wei Vincent Ka Chun Yan Camille Maringe Wenxin Tian Rachel Yui Ki Chu Wenlong Liu Boyan Liu Yuqi Hu Lingyue Zhou Celine Sze Ling Chui Xue Li Eric Yuk Fai Wan Ching Lung Cheung Esther Wai Yin Chan William Chi Wai Wong Ian Chi Kei Wong Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Health Services Research and Policy Faculty of Public Health and PolicyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK school of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong school of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong KongHong Kong Advanced Data Analytics for Medical Science(ADAMS)Limited Hong KongHong Kong Department of medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Family medicine and Primary Care School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPeople's Republic of China Aston Pharmacy school Aston UniversityBirminghamUK school of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacao

Objectives Older individuals with multimorbidity are at an elevated risk of infection and complications from *** of post-COVID-19 interventions or care models in reducing subsequent adverse outcomes in these individuals have rarely been *** study aims to examine the effectiveness of attending general outpatient within 30 days after discharge from COVID-19 on 1-year survival among older adults aged 85 years or above with *** Retrospective cohort study emulating a randomised target trial using electronic health *** We used data from the Hospital Authority and the Department of Health in Hong Kong,which provided comprehensive electronic health records,COVID-19 confirmed case data,population-based vaccination records and other individual characteristics for the *** Adults aged 85 years or above with multimorbidity who were discharged after hospitalisation for COVID-19 between January 2020 and August *** Attending a general outpatient within 30 days of last COVID-19 discharge defined the exposure,compared to no outpatient *** outcome measures Primary outcome was all-cause mortality within one *** outcomes included mortality from respiratory,cardiovascular and cancer *** A total of 6183 eligible COVID-19 survivors were included in the *** all-cause mortality rate following COVID-19 hospitalisation was lower in the general outpatient visit group(17.1 deaths per 100 person-year)compared with non-visit group(42.8 deaths per 100 person-year).After adjustment,primary care consultations within 30 days after discharge were associated with a significantly greater 1-year survival(difference in 1-year survival:11.2%,95%CI 8.1%to 14.4%).We also observed significantly better survival from respiratory diseases in the general outpatient visit group(difference in 1-year survival:6.3%,95%CI 3.5%to 8.9%).In a sensitivity analysis for different grace period lengths

关键词： morbidity visit records

Evolutionary genomics of climatic adaptation and resilience to climate change in alfalfa

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 867-883页

作者： Fan Zhang Ruicai Long Zhiyao Ma Hua Xiao Xiaodong Xu Zhongjie Liu Chunxue Wei Yiwen Wang Yanling Peng Xuanwen Yang Xiaoya Shi Shuo Cao Mingna Li Ming Xu Fei He Xueqian Jiang Tiejun Zhang Zhen Wang Xianran Li Long-Xi Yu Junmei Kang Zhiwu Zhang Yongfeng Zhou Qingchuan Yang Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China National Key Laboratory of tropical Crop Breeding Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China school of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99163USA U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing ResearchProsserWA 99350USA National Key Laboratory of tropical Crop Breeding Tropical Crops Genetic Resources InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China

Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security,gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding of climate-resilient crops to face future climate ***(Medicago sativa ***),the queen of forages,shows remarkable adaptability across diverse global environments,making it an excellent model for investigating species responses to climate *** this study,we performed population genomic analyses using genome resequencing data from 702 accessions of 24 Medicago species to unravel alfalfa’s climatic adaptation and genetic susceptibility to future climate *** found that interspecific genetic exchange has contributed to the gene pool of alfalfa,particularly enriching defense and stress-response *** introgression between *** ***(***)and alfalfa not only aids alfalfa’s climatic adaptation but also introduces genetic burden.A total of 1671 genes were associated with climatic adaptation,and 5.7%of them were introgressions from *** integrating climate-associated variants and climate data,we identified populations that are vulnerable to future climate change,particularly in higher latitudes of the Northern *** findings serve as a clarion call for targeted conservation initiatives and breeding *** also identified preadaptive populations that demonstrate heightened resilience to climate fluctuations,illuminating a pathway for future breeding ***,this study enhances our understanding about the local adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa and facilitates the breeding of climate-resilient alfalfa cultivars,contributing to effective agricultural strategies for facing future climate change.

关键词： Medicago local adaptation population genetics adaptive introgression genetic vulnerability alfalfa breeding

Global outreach and networking promotion to accelerate tropical diseases elimination

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第3期13卷 1-5页

作者： Shan Lv Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China school of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Institute of One Health Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Hainan Center for tropical Diseases Research(Hainan Subcenter of Chinese Center for tropical Diseases Research) HaikouPeople’s Republic of China

Cooperation and networking are powerful tools in the combating against tropical *** on a global scale is essential due to the transboundary nature of tropical *** plays a pivotal role in facilitating such *** cooperation and networking can foster innovation in disease control *** research can lead to the development of new drugs and vaccines,while shared surveillance data can enable the early detection and control of disease ***,consensus of cooperation and networking has been reached during the 7th Symposium on Surveillance-Response Systems Leading to tropical Diseases Elimination,which reflected in the two documents,i.e.,Consensus for Transboundary tropical Diseases Control,and Action Consensus of the Network of WHO Collaborating Centres Related to *** documents will improve the efforts in the fighting against tropical diseases through collective actions to achieve the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).

关键词： tropical diseases Cooperation Networking Elimination Sustainable development goals

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Qin Liu Lei Duan Yun-Hai Guo Li-Min Yang Yi Zhang Shi-Zhu Li Shan Lv Wei Hu Nan-Sheng Chen Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Centerfor tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesShanghai 200025People's Republic of China school of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People's Republic of China school of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071People'sRepublicofChina

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China, the Philippines and *** hupensis (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) is the unique intermediate host ofS. japonicum. A complete genome sequence ofO. hupensis will enable the fundamental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with theS. japonicum parasite. Assembling a high-quality reference genome ofO. hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread ofS. *** The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology (PacBio Sequel II) and corrected with Illumina sequencing data. Then, using Hi-C sequencing data, the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level. CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding *** A total length of 1.46 Gb high-qualityO. hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes (2n = 34) of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb. Additionally, 95.03% of these contig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes. After scanning the assembled genome, a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted. Among them, 86.67% were functionally annotated. Further phylogenetic analysis revealed thatO. hupensis was separated from a common ancestor ofPomacea canaliculata andBellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago. Comparing the genome ofO. hupensis with its most recent common ancestor, it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families (P < 0.05). Functional enrichment of the expanded gene families indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular, DNA-mediated transposition, DNA integration and transposase *** Integrated use of multiple sequencing technol

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome