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Reconstructing the phytogeny of new world monkeys(platyrrhini):evidence from multiple non-coding loci

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 579-588页

作者： Xiaoping WANG Burton K.LIM Nelson TING Jingyang HU Yunpeng LIANG Christian ROOS Li YU State Key laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina school of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina epartm ent of natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoONCanada Department of Anthropology and Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of OregonEugeneOregonUSA State Key laboratory of Genetic resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate ResearchKellnerwegGottingenGermany

Among mammalian phylogenies,those characterized by rapid radiations are particularly *** New World monkeys(NWMs,Platyrrhini)comprise 3 families and 7 subfamilies,which radiated within a relatively short time ***,their phylogenetic relationships are still largely *** the present study,56 nuclear non-coding loci,including 33 introns(INs)and 23 intergenic regions(IGs),from 20 NWM individuals representing 18 species were used to investigate phylogenetic relationships among families and *** the 56 loci,43 have not been used in previous NWM *** applied concatenation and coalescence tree-inference methods,and a recently proposed question-specific approach to address NWM *** results indicate incongruence between concatenation and coalescence methods for the IN and IG ***,a consensus was reached with a single tree topology from all analyses of combined INs and IGs as well as all analyses of question-specific loci using both concatenation and coalescence methods,albeit with varying degrees of statistical *** detail,our results indicated the sister-group relationships between the families Atelidae and Pitheciidae,and between the subfamilies Aotinae and Callithrichinae among *** study provides insights into the disputed phylogenetic relationships among NWM families and subfamilies from the perspective of multiple non-coding loci and various tree-inference ***,the present phylogenetic framework needs further evaluation by adding more independent sequence data and a deeper taxonomic ***,our work has important implications for phylogenetic studies dealing with rapid radiations.

关键词： coalescence concatenation non-coding nuclear genes primates phylogenetics

Glacier variations and rising temperature in the *** since the Last Glacial Maximum

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1268-1282页

作者： chen an-an wang ning-lian guo zhong-ming wu yu-wei wu hong-bo shaanxi key laboratory of earth surface system and environmental carrying capacity Xi'an 710127China institute of earth surface system and hazards college of urban and environmental sciencesnorthwest universityXi'an 710127China school of history and tourism shaanxi university of technologyHanzhong 723000China

High-resolution imagery can be used to reconstruct former glacier boundaries through the identification of glacial erosional and sedimentary geomorphology. We employed moraine mapping and the accumulation–area ratio method(AAR), in conjunction with Landsat, Google Earth, and SRTM imagery, to reconstruct glacier boundaries and equilibrium-line altitudes(ELAs) for Mt. Kenya in the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM), the Little Ice Age(LIA), and at present. Our results show that the areas of Lewis Glacier and the Tyndall-I glacier system were 0.678 km^2 and 0.390 km^2, respectively, during the maximum of LIA. Those mean that the both glaciers have shrunken by 87.0% and 88.7%, respectively since the LIA. Area change ratios for each glacier were significantly larger in the period of 2000 through 2015 than the former periods, indicating that glacier recession has accelerated. Continuous ice loss in this region has been driven by rising temperature and fluctuating precipitation. Linear regression data for Lewis glacier show that mass balance sensitivity to dry season temperature was –315 mm w.e./℃, whereas the sensitivity to dry season precipitation was 5.2 mm w.e./mm. Our data also show that the ELA on the western slope of Mt. Kenya rose by 716-816 m from the LGM to the modern era, corresponding to that temperature rose by 5.2℃-6.5℃.

关键词：冰川期最大值冰河温度 Landsat Google LIA 高分辨率

Human-caused increases in reactive nitrogen burial in sediment of global lakes

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The Innovation 2021年第4期2卷 35-42页

作者： Mei Wang Benjamin Z.Houlton Sitong Wang Chenchen Ren Hans J.Mvan Grinsven Deli Chen Jianming Xu Baojing Gu school of Geographical Sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Global Development Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA College of environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Land Management Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China PBL Netherlands environmental Assessment Agency 2500 GH The Haguethe Netherlands school of Agriculture and Food The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Agricultural resources and environment Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Human activities have increased reactive nitrogen(Nr)input to terrestrial ecosystems compared with the pre-industrial ***,the fate of such Nr input remains uncertain,leading to missing sink of the global nitrogen *** synthesizing records of Nr burial in sediments from 303 lakes worldwide,here we show that 9.6±1.1 Tg N year^(-1)(Tg=10^(12) g)accumulated in inland water sediments from 2000 to 2010,accounting for 3%-5% of global Nr input to the land from combined natural and anthropogenic *** recent Nr burial flux doubles pre-industrial estimates,and Nr burial rate significantly increases with global increases in human population and air *** ratios of C:N decrease after 1950 while N:P ratios increase over time due to increasingly elevated Nr burial and other related processes in *** findings imply that Nr burial in lakes is overlooked as an important global sink of Nr input to terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： biogeochemistry nitrogen accumulation sink eutrophication carbon

National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 50-68页

作者： Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser Terrestrial Ecology research Group Technische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Present address:Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Helmholtz Centre for environmental research-UFZ Department of Ecosystem ServicesDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Present address:German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137077 GöttingenGermany Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 137073 GöttingenGermany Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstr.479106 FreiburgGermany Ecological Networks Technische Universität DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraße 364287 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Biodiversity and Conservation Biology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Helmholtz Centre for environmental research-UFZ Department of Soil EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 Halle(Saale)Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Forest Entomology WSL Swiss Federal Research InstituteZürcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Department of environmental Systems Science Institute of Terrestrial EcosystemsETH ZürichUniversitätstr 168092 ZürichSwitzerland environmental Informatics University of MarburgDeutschhausstraße 1235032 MarburgGermany Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189069 UlmGermany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate research Centre Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Geoecology University of TübingenRümelinstraße 19-2372070 TübingenGermany Present address:Department of Sustaina

Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem *** many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem ***,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem *** on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem *** use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory ***:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(*** both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(*** temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in *** single forest type provided all ecosystem services *** ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(*** or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(*** availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(*** nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental ***,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree ***:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem *** importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand lev

关键词： Ecosystem processes and services Forest management Structural diversity tree species composition Trade-offs and synergies Forest productivity

thylenediurea(EDU)effects on Japanese larch:an one growing season experiment with simulated regenerating communities and a four growing season application to individual saplings

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Journal of Forestry research 2021年第5期32卷 2047-2057页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Mitsutoshi Kitao Xiaona Wang Qiaozhi Mao Hisanori Harayama William JManning Takayoshi Koike Key laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of Applied EcologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China Division of environment and resources research Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan Hokkaido research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Sapporo 062-8516Japan College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism Hebei Agricultural UniversityNo.2596 Lekai South StreetLianchi DistrictBaoding 071000People’s Republic of China College of resources and environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400700People’s Republic of China Ecophysiology laboratory Department of Plant EcologyForestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Matsunosato-1Tsukuba 305-8687Japan Department of Plant Soil and Insect SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts80 Campus Center WayAmherstMA 01003USA Shenzhen Graduate school of environment and Energy Peking UniversityShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China research Center for Eco-environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China

Japanese larch(Larix kaempferi(Lamb.)Carr.)and its hybrid are economically important coniferous trees widely grown in the Northern ***-level ozone(O_(3))concentrations have increased since the preindustrial era,and research projects showed that Japanese larch is susceptible to elevated O_(3)***,methodologies are needed to(1)protect Japanese larch against O_(3)damage and(2)conduct biomonitoring of O_(3)in Japanese larch forests and,thus,monitor O_(3)risks to Japanese *** the first time,this study evaluates whether the synthetic chemical ethylenediurea(EDU)can protect Japanese larch against O_(3)damage,in two independent *** the first experiment,seedling communities,simulating natural regeneration,were treated with EDU(0,100,200,and 400 mg L^(-1))and exposed to either ambient or elevated O_(3)in a growing *** the second experiment,individually-grown saplings were treated with EDU(0,200 and 400 mg L-1)and exposed to ambient O_(3)in two growing seasons and to elevated O_(3)in the succeeding two growing *** two experiments revealed that EDU concentrations of 200-400 mg L^(-1)could protect Japanese larch seedling communities and individual saplings against O_(3)-induced inhibition of growth and ***,EDU concentrations≤200 mg L^(-1)did offer only partial protection when seedling communities were coping with higher level of O_(3)-induced stress,and only 400 mg EDU L^(-1)fully protected communities under higher ***,we conclude that among the concentrations tested the concentration offering maximum protection to Japanese larch plants under high competition and O_(3)-induced stress is that of 400 mg EDU L^(-1).The results of this study can provide a valuable resource of information for applied forestry in an O_(3)-polluted world.

关键词： Air pollution Antiozonant Ethylenediurea(EDU) Plant protection Tropospheric ozone(O_(3))

Cloth simulation-based construction of pitfree canopy height models from airborne LiDAR data

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Wuming Zhang Shangshu Cai Xinlian Liang Jie Shao Ronghai Hu Sisi Yu Guangjian Yan State Key laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Engineering Research Center for Global Land Remote Sensing ProductsInstitute of Remote Sensing Science and EngineeringFaculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Finnish Geospatial Research Institute02431 MasalaFinland College of resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China ICube laboratory UMR 7357 CNRS-University of Strasbourg300 bd Sebastien BrantCS10413F-67412 Illkirch CedexFrance Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Background:The universal occurrence of randomly distributed dark holes(i.e.,data pits appearing within the tree crown)in LiDAR-derived canopy height models(CHMs)negatively affects the accuracy of extracted forest inventory ***:We develop an algorithm based on cloth simulation for constructing a pit-free ***:The proposed algorithm effectively fills data pits of various sizes whilst preserving canopy *** pitfree CHMs derived from point clouds at different proportions of data pits are remarkably better than those constructed using other algorithms,as evidenced by the lowest average root mean square error(0.4981 m)between the reference CHMs and the constructed pit-free ***,our pit-free CHMs show the best performance overall in terms of maximum tree height estimation(average bias=0.9674 m).Conclusion:The proposed algorithm can be adopted when working with different quality LiDAR data and shows high potential in forestry applications.

关键词： Data pits tree crown Canopy height models Cloth simulation Pit-free

浙江楠溪江渔业承包机制和资源保护工作的新探索

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中国渔业经济 2009年第5期27卷 70-73页

作者：陈志俭李尚鲁谷定贤周志明余海滨胡忠耀艾为明 Yongjia Agricultural Bureau Zhejiang Key laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource Zhejiang Mariculture research Institute school of Life Science Wenzhou Medical College

我国内陆地区山涧溪流众多,这种特殊的自然环境给渔政管理带来诸多难题。本文总结了楠溪江实施全流域渔业承包机制的失败经验,介绍了分段渔业承包方式、渔业资源保护与增殖方面采取的主要措施、制订的渔业资源保护实施方案及其成效等,... 详细信息

我国内陆地区山涧溪流众多,这种特殊的自然环境给渔政管理带来诸多难题。本文总结了楠溪江实施全流域渔业承包机制的失败经验,介绍了分段渔业承包方式、渔业资源保护与增殖方面采取的主要措施、制订的渔业资源保护实施方案及其成效等,剖析了全流域整体承包失败和分段承包成功的各种因素,以期对其他地区内陆渔业资源保护提供一些有益的借鉴。

关键词：楠溪江渔业承包资源保护

多酸用于柔性透明压电纳米发电机的电极材料以高效收集环境中的机械能（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2020年第1期65卷 35-44,M0004页

作者：何鹏陈维林李建平张宏李允伍王恩波 Key laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 China

近年来,压电纳米发电机逐渐成为一种颇有前途的能量收集设备.然而,传统的压电纳米发电机的电极多采用贵金属材料,这大大增加了设备的成本.本文提出了一种以多金属氧酸盐(多酸)为电极材料的柔性透明的压电纳米发电机,它可以高效地将环境... 详细信息

近年来,压电纳米发电机逐渐成为一种颇有前途的能量收集设备.然而,传统的压电纳米发电机的电极多采用贵金属材料,这大大增加了设备的成本.本文提出了一种以多金属氧酸盐(多酸)为电极材料的柔性透明的压电纳米发电机,它可以高效地将环境中的机械能转换为电能.选用了5种不同的多酸作电极材料,并对压电纳米发电机的各项性能进行了测试.结果表明,纳米发电机的性能与多酸的能级有关,多酸与氧化锌的能级差可以用来评估电子注入的动力.利用多酸制备的柔性透明的压电纳米发电机具有应用于智能窗和可穿戴设备的潜力.

关键词： Polyoxometalate Flexible Transparent Piezoelectric nanogenerator Electrode materials

Tallow tree allocates contrasting secondary chemicals in response to varying environments along elevational gradients

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 295-303页

作者： Li Xiao Jialiang Zhang Wei Huang Juli Carrillo Evan Siemann Jianqing Ding CAS Key laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Core Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430074China Faculty of Land and Food Systems Centre for Sustainable Food SystemsBiodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Biosciences Department Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA State Key laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan 475004China

了解树木如何沿海拔梯度调节多种类型的次生代谢产物对于阐明植物如何采用生理和生态策略来应对各种生物及非生物环境变化至关重要。本研究旨在探索乌桕如何分配不同的次生代谢产物来响应海拔梯度上的环境变化。我们在中国沿海拔梯度对... 详细信息

了解树木如何沿海拔梯度调节多种类型的次生代谢产物对于阐明植物如何采用生理和生态策略来应对各种生物及非生物环境变化至关重要。本研究旨在探索乌桕如何分配不同的次生代谢产物来响应海拔梯度上的环境变化。我们在中国沿海拔梯度对乌桕不同取食类型的植食性昆虫及其对乌桕叶片的危害率进行了野外实地调查,并对健康叶片和虫害叶片中的次生代谢产物(单宁和黄酮类)进行了测定分析。研究结果表明,乌桕叶片被危害(咀嚼或潜叶式危害)的可能性随海拔的升高而减小。遭受虫害叶片和未遭受虫害的健康叶片中黄酮类化合物的浓度随海拔梯度变化呈现相反的趋势,即随着海拔的升高,健康叶片和遭受虫害叶片受不同的生物和非生物因素驱动,健康叶片中黄酮类化合物浓度增加,而遭受虫害叶片中黄酮类化合物浓度下降,其中槲皮苷对黄酮类化合物随海拔梯度变化的贡献最大。单宁浓度随海拔梯度的变化未发生显著变化,高海拔地区乌桕健康叶片中单宁与黄酮类化合物的比例与低海拔相比相对较低。我们的研究揭示了沿海拔梯度昆虫植食性以及不同植物次生代谢产物的变化趋势,并强调了在理解植物的生理和生态策略中同时考虑多种次生代谢物质的重要性。

关键词：植食性气候海拔防御策略、次生代谢产物乌桕