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There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder S.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam B.Priore Neal R.Glaviano David M.Bazett-Jones Ronaldo V.Briani Fabio M.Azevedo school of Science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA school of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

Background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and *** the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and *** systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee ***:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science)were searched from inception to September *** studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were ***-analyses for each knee disorder were ***-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were ***:Seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(PFP),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were *** with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(SMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(SMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(SMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(SMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(SMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar *** with PFP presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(SMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patel

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis Patellar tendinopathy Patellofemoral pain

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Influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition on resting and post-exercise indices of vascular health in young adults

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 54-62页

作者： Rian Q.Landers-Ramos Kathleen Dondero Ian Imery Nicholas Reveille Hannah A.Zabriskie Devon A.Dobrosielski Towson University Department of KinesiologyTowsonMDUSA University of Maryland school of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation SciencesBaltimoreMDUSA Johns Hopkins University Department of Cell BiologyBaltimoreMDUSA University of Florida Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyGainesvilleFLUSA

Poor cardiorespiratory fitness may mediate vascular impairments at rest and following an acute bout of exercise in young healthy *** study aimed to compare flow mediated dilation(FMD)and vascular augmentation index(AIx75)between young adults with low,moderate,and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness before and after an acute bout of aerobic ***-three participants(22 men;21 women)between 18 and 29 years of age completed the *** were classified into low,moderate,and high health-related cardiorespiratory fitness groups according to age-and sex-based relative maximal oxygen consumption(V_O2 max)percentile *** was performed using Doppler ultrasound and AIx75 was performed using pulse wave analysis at baseline and 60-min after a 30-min bout of treadmill running at 70%V_O2 max.A significant interaction(p=0.047;ηp 2=0.142)was observed,with the moderate fitness group exhibiting a higher FMD post-exercise compared with baseline([6.7%3.1%]vs.[8.5%2.8%],p=0.028;d=0.598).We found a significant main effect of group for AIx75(p=0.023;ηp 2=0.168),with the high fitness group exhibiting lower AIx75 compared to low fitness group([10%10%]vs.[2%10%],respectively,p=0.019;g=1.07).This was eliminated after covarying for body fat percentage(p=0.489).Our findings suggest that resting FMD and AIx75 responses are not significantly influenced by cardiorespiratory fitness,but FMD recovery responses to exercise may be enhanced in individuals with moderate cardiorespiratory fitness levels.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Flow mediated dilation Augmentation index Vascular Acute exercise Body composition

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Methanol steam reforming for hydrogen production driven by an atomically precise Cu catalyst

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1079-1084页

作者： Weigang Hu Haoqi Liu Yuankun Zhang Jiawei Ji Guangjun Li Xiao Cai Xu Liu Wen Wu Xu Weiping Ding Yan Zhu school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University school of physical Science and Technology Ningbo University

Plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer from metal nanostructures is being intensely pursed in current photocatalytic research,however it remains elusive whether molecular-like metal clusters with excitonic behavior can be used as light-harvesting materials in solar energy utilization such as photocatalytic methanol steam *** this work,we report an atomically precise Cu13cluster protected by dual ligands of thiolate and phosphine that can be viewed as the assembly of one top Cu atom and three *** Cu13H10（SR）3（PR’3）7(SR=2,4-dichlorobenzenethiol,PR’3=P（4-FC6H4）3) cluster can give rise to highly efficient light-driven activity for methanol steam reforming toward H2production.

关键词： Nanocluster Photocatalysis Methanol steam reforming Atomically precise Copper catalyst

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Improved catalytic performance of CO_(2) electrochemical reduction reaction towards ethanol on chlorine-modified Cu-based electrocatalyst

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3761-3768页

作者： Yifan Liu Hehua Tang Yitian Zhou Bo-Lin Lin school of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Effective electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) to value-added liquid multi-carbon products driven by renewable energy is a promising approach to alleviate excessive CO_(2) emission and achieve large-scale renewable energy ***,the selectivity and catalytic activity towards liquid multi-carbon products of CO_(2) electroreduction reaction are still unsatisfactory due to the sluggish C-C coupling process and the formation of complex oxygen-containing ***,designing and fabricating highly effective electrocatalysts is crucial for practical applications in this ***,we developed Cl-modified Cu catalyst(Cu-Cl)for efficient electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) to *** optimal Faradaic efficiency and partial current density of ethanol on the Cu-Cl sample reached 26.2%and 343.2 mA·cm^(-2) at-0.74 V(*** hydrogen electrode(RHE)),which were 1.66 and 1.76 times higher than those of the catalyst without Cl decoration,outperforming those in most previously reported *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the Cl-modified Cu surface suppressed the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and reduced the energy barrier for the C-C coupling process,making the formation of key intermediates favorable for ethanol ***,the decoration of Cl on the Cu surface facilitated ethanol formation.

关键词： CO_(2)electrochemical reduction halogen chlorine Cu-based catalysts ethanol multi-carbon products

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NH_(4)Cl-assisted synthesis of TaON nanoparticle applied to photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen evolution from water

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 541-550页

作者： Yao Xu Kaiwei Liu Jifang Zhang Boyang Zhang Jiaming Zhang Ke Shi Haifeng Wang Guijun Ma school of physical Science and Technology Shanghaitech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Oxynitride semiconductors are promising photocatalyst materials for visible light-driven water splitting,while the synthesis of well crystalized oxynitride still remains *** present work,narrow-bandgap TaON nanoparticles are synthesized via heating a vacuum-sealed mixture of KTaO_(3),Ta and NH_(4)*** method possesses multiple advantages in terms of lower calcination parameter,higher N conversion efficiency and superior photocatalytic activity in comparison with the traditional thermal ammonolysis using NH_(3) gas as a nitrogen *** the analysis of intermediates produced upon the elevation of heating temperature,a gas-solid-phase reaction between TaCl_(5) and Ta_(2)O_(5) is demonstrated as the final step,which is conducive to decreasing thermal energy barrier and accelerating nitridation *** control of preparation conditions,including calcination temperature and duration,allows for the regulation of surface O/N ratio of TaON particles to unity,resulting in optimized photocat-alytic *** assessment and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy provide convincing evidence for improved charge transfer effciency of photoexcited holes at TaON surface.A Z-scheme overall water splitting is accomplished by employing the TaON as an effective oxygen evolution photocatalyst,SrTiO_(3):Rh as a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst,and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)as a solid-state electron *** work presents a promising strategy for the synthesis of high-quality oxynitride materials in application to photocatalytic water splitting.

关键词： TaON Oxynitride synthesis Photocatalyst Water splitting,Hydrogen Z-scheme

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(Parallel) kinetic resolution of 3,3-disubstituted indolines via organocatalyzed reactions with azodicarboxylates

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 973-980页

作者： Qianwen Jiang Dekun Zhang Mengyao Tang Hua Liu Xiaoyu Yang school of physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

A novel kinetic resolution(KR) method has been developed for 3,3-disubstituted indolines, whose catalytic asymmetric synthesis remains a significant challenge in organic synthesis. The key to the success of this KR protocol lies in the utilization of chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed triazane formation reaction with azodicarboxylates, which enables the enantioselective synthesis of various substituted indolines bearing C3-quaternary stereocenters with good to high enantioselectivities(with sfactors up to 70). Moreover, an intriguing parallel kinetic resolution(PKR) has been developed by combining triazane formation and dehydrogenation reactions using different azodicarboxylates. Experimental studies have provided insight into the mechanism of this PKR reaction, demonstrating stereoselectivity in both triazane formation and dehydrogenation steps, favoring the opposite enantiomers. The large-scale synthesis and diverse derivatizations of the products, particularly the imine groupcontaining 3H-indoles, demonstrate the value of these(P)KR methods.

关键词： asymmetric organocatalysis kinetic resolution 3 3-disubstituted indolines azodicarboxylate triazanes

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Higher-dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu equation and asymmetric peakon soliton

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 224-229页

作者：韩巧红贾曼 school of physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Integrable systems play a crucial role in physics and *** particular,the traditional(1+1)-dimensional and(2+1)-dimensional integrable systems have received significant attention due to the rarity of integrable systems in higher *** studies have shown that abundant higher-dimensional integrable systems can be constructed from(1+1)-dimensional integrable systems by using a deformation *** we establish a new(2+1)-dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu(C-L-L)equation using the deformation algorithm from the(1+1)-dimensional C-L-L *** new system is integrable with its Lax pair obtained by applying the deformation algorithm to that of the(1+1)-*** is challenging to obtain the exact solutions for the new integrable system because the new system combines both the original C-L-L equation and its reciprocal *** traveling wave solutions are derived in implicit function expression,and some asymmetry peakon solutions are found.

关键词： higher dimensional Chen-Lee-Liu equation Lax integrable system deformation algorithm implicit traveling wave solutions

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Different coalescence sources of light nucleus production in Au-Au collisions at √sNN=3 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 160-179页

作者：王瑞芹吕济鹏李彦豪宋军邵凤兰 school of Physics and physical Engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China school of physical Science and Intelligent Engineering Jining UniversityJining 273155China

We study the production of light nuclei in the coalescence mechanism of Au-Au collisions at midrapidity at √sNN=*** derive analytic formulas of the momentum distributions of two bodies,three bodies,and four nucleons coalescing into light nuclei and naturally explain the transverse momentum spectra of the deuteron(d),triton(t),helium-3(3He),and helium-4(4He).We reproduce data on the yield rapidity densities,yield ratios,and averaged transverse momenta of d,t,3He,and 4He and provide the proportions of contributions from different coalescence sources for t,3He,and 4He in their *** find that besides nucleon coalescence,nucleon+nucleus coalescence and nucleus+nucleus coalescence may play requisite roles in light nucleus production in Au-Au collisions at √sNN=3 GeV.

关键词： light nucleus production the coalescence model relativistic heavy ion collision

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Observation of optical rogue waves in 2D optical lattice

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第7期22卷 77-80页

作者： Meng Li Jie Song Fuqiang Li Cibo Lou school of physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

We use a broad Gaussian beam with perturbations to motivate rogue waves(RWs)in a two-dimensional optical-induced *** a linear situation,we fail to observe ***,under a nonlinear condition,the probability of RWs in the lattice is less than that in a homogeneous ***,we obtain a shorter long-tail distribution of probability density function in an optical lattice.

关键词： optical rogue waves spatial rogue waves optical-induced lattice.

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Performance enhancement of perovskite solar cells:surface is the key

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Science China Materials 2024年第1期67卷 375-376页

作者： Wenzhuo Li Zhijun Ning school of physical Science and Technology Shanghaitech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs)stand out as one of the most promising contenders among photovoltaic technologies for the *** the past decade,PSCs with high power conversion efficiency(PCE)predominantly adopted the normal(ni-p)device ***,a common p-type organic small molecule,Spiro-OMe TAD,which is widely employed at the top layer of n-i-p devices[1],faces issues such as susceptibility to water absorption and poor thermal stability.

关键词： structure stability perovskite

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