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Comprehensive evaluation of sintering basic characteristics of iron ore based on grey relational analysis

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第7期26卷 691-696页

作者： Dong-hui Liu Jun-hua Li Yue Peng Jian-liang Zhang Guang-wei Wang Xun Xue school of environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China school of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Beijing Shenwu environment & energy Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing 102200 China

Sintering basic characteristics of fourteen iron ores were comprehensively evaluated using micro-sinter and grey relational analysis methods. The results show that magnetite has a low assimilability, high bonding phase strength, and high crystal strength. Hematite presents a good assimilability, while limonite exhibits a strong assimilability, but the bonding phase strength and crystal strength of these two kinds of iron ores are comparatively low. Great difference in liquid flowability exists for the same kind of iron ores. When the assimilation temperature of the sinter mixture is too high, limonite can be added;when the bonding phase strength or crystal strength of the sinter mixture is too low, magnetite can be added. The liquid fluidity of the sinter mixture can be adjusted according to the ratios of corresponding iron ores. Grey relational analysis is an effective method to evaluate the comprehensive sintering characteristics of iron ores, which can provide theoretical basis for the purchasing department of the steel enterprises.

关键词： Iron ore Basic characteristics Sinter Grey relational analysis Iron ore purchasing Ore proportioning optimization

Electro-oxidation of Ni(Ⅱ)-citrate complexes at BDD electrode and simultaneous recovery of metallic nickel by electrodeposition

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 103-113页

作者： Qiongfang Zhuo Xiaofeng Xu Shuibo Xie Xiuwen Ren Zhongying Chen Bo Yang Yanliang Li Junfeng Niu school of Civil Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China school of environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China South China Institute of environmental Sciences MEEGuangzhou 510655China College of Chemistry and environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518071China

The simultaneous electro-oxidation of Ni(Ⅱ)-citrate and electrodeposition recovery of nickel metal were attempted in a combined electro-oxidation-electrodeposition reactor with a boron-doped diamond(BDD)anode and a polished titanium cathode.Effects of initial nickel citrate concentration,current density,initial p H,electrode spacing,electrolyte type,and initial electrolyte dosage on electrochemical performance were examined.The efficiencies of Ni(Ⅱ)-citrate removal and nickel metal recovery were determined to be 100%and over 72%,respectively,under the optimized conditions(10 m A/cm^(2),pH 4.09,80 mmol/L Na_(2)SO_(4),initial Ni(Ⅱ)-citrate concentration of 75 mg/L,electrode spacing of 1 cm,and 180 min of electrolysis).energy consumption increased with increased current density,and the energy consumption was 0.032 kWh/L at a current density of 10 m A/cm^(2)(pH 6.58).The deposits at the cathode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).These characterization results indicated that the purity of metallic nickel in cathodic deposition was over 95%.The electrochemical system exhibited a prospective approach to oxidize metal complexes and recover metallic nickel.

关键词： Electrochemical oxidation Electrodeposition BDD anode Metal complexes Metallic nickel recovery

Recent Advances in Wide-Bandgap Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells and Tandem Application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第5期15卷 254-297页

作者： Ting Nie Zhimin Fang Xiaodong Ren Yuwei Duan Shengzhong(Frank)Liu Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean energy iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Perovskite-based tandem solar cells have attracted increasing interest because of its great potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit set for single-junction solar cells.In the tandem architectures,the wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskites act as the front absorber to offer higher open-circuit voltage(VOC)for reduced thermalization losses.Taking advantage of tunable bandgap of the perovskite materials,the WBG perovskites can be easily obtained by substituting halide iodine with bromine,and substituting organic ions FA and MA with Cs.To date,the most concerned issues for the WBG perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are huge VOC deficit and severe photo-induced phase separation.Reducing VOC loss and improving photostability of the WBG PSCs are crucial for further efficiency breakthrough.Recently,scientists have made great efforts to overcome these key issues with tremendous progresses.In this review,we first summarize the recent progress of WBG perovskites from the aspects of compositions,additives,charge transport layers,interfaces and preparation methods.The key factors affecting efficiency and stability are then carefully discussed,which would provide decent guidance to develop highly efficient and stable WBG PSCs for tandem application.

关键词： Efficiency Perovskite Solar cell Stability Wide-bandgap

Extraction of Strain Characteristic Signals from Wind Turbine Blades Based on EEMD-WT

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energy Engineering 2023年第5期120卷 1149-1162页

作者： Jin Wang Zhen Liu Ying Wang Caifeng Wen Jianwen Wang school of Mechanical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China school of energy and Power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Wind energy and Solar energy Utilization Mechanism and Optimization Hohhot010051China

Analyzing the strain signal of wind turbine blade is the key to studying the load of wind turbine blade,so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of wind turbine in natural environment.The strain signal of the wind turbine blade under continuous crosswind state has typical non-stationary and unsteady characteristics.The strain signal contains a lot of noise,which makes the analysis error.Therefore,it is very important to denoise and extract features of measured signals before signal analysis.In this paper,the joint algorithm of ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)and wavelet transform(WT)is used for the first time to achieve sufficient noise reduction and effectively extract the feature signals of non-stationary strain signals.The application process of EEMD-WT is optimized.This optimization can avoid the repeated selection of wavelet basis function and the number of decomposition layers due to different crosswind conditions.EEMD adaptively decomposes the strain signal into intrinsic mode functions,to judge the frequency of IMFs,remove the high-frequency noise components,retain the useful components.The useful components are denoised twice by the wavelet transform,the components and residual terms after the secondary denoising are reconstructed to obtain the characteristic signal.The EEMD-WT was applied to process the simulating signals andmeasured the strain signals.The results were compared with the results of the EEMD.The results showed that the EEMD-WTmethod has better noise reduction performance,and can effectively extract the characteristics of strain signals,which lays a solid foundation for accurate analysis of wind turbine blade strain signals under crosswind conditions.

关键词： Blade strain nonstationary signal ensemble empirical mode decomposition wavelet transform characteristic signal

New insights in nano-copper chromite catalyzing ultrafine AP:Evaluation of dispersity and mixing uniformity

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 120-133页

作者： Yong Kou Peng Luo Lei Xiao Yanping Xin Guangpu Zhang Yubing Hu Junqing Yang Hongxu Gao Fengqi Zhao Wei Jiang Gazi Hao National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Xi'an North Huian Chemical Industry Co.Ltd Xi'an710302China Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an710065China

Improving the application of nanomaterials has always been a research hotspot in the field of energetic materials(EMs)due to their obvious catalytic effect on the EMs,especially the uniformly dispersed nanomaterials.However,few studies have reported the dispersion of nanomaterials.In this study,the dispersity and mixing uniformity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)was evaluated based on the difference of solid UV light absorption between the nano-catalytic materials and EMs.The nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)/ultrafine AP composites with different dispersity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)were prepared by manual grinding and mechanical grinding with different grinding strength and griding time.And then,the absorbance of different samples at 212 nm was obtained by solid UV testing due to the high repeatability of the absorbance at 210-214 nm for three parallel experiments,and the dispersity of different samples was calculated through the established difference equation.Furthermore,the samples were characterized by XRD,IR,SEM,EDS,DSC and TG-MS,which confirmed that different mixing methods did not change the structure of the samples(XRD and IR),and the mixing uniformity improved with the increase of grinding strength and grinding time(SEM and EDS).The scientificity and feasibility of the difference equation were further verified by DSC.The dispersity of nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)exhibits a positive intrinsic relationship with its catalytic performance,and the uniformly dispersed nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)significantly reduces the thermal decomposition temperature of ultrafine AP from 367.7 to 338.8℃.The TG-MS patterns show that the dispersed nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4)advanced the thermal decomposition process of ultrafine AP by about 700 s,especially in the high temperature decomposition stage,and the more concentrated energy release characteristic is beneficial to further enhance the energy performance of AP-based propellants.The above conclusions show that the evaluation method of dispersity based on solid UV curves could provide new ideas for the dispersity characterizati

关键词： Nano-CuCr_(2)O_(4) Ultrafine AP Dispersity UVeVis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy Thermal decomposition

Recognition and analysis of potential risks in China's carbon emission trading markets

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2019年第1期10卷 30-46页

作者： DENG Mao-Zhi ZHANG Wen-Xiu Institute of energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversitBeijing100084China school of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

China formally launched the carbon trading pilots in seven provinces and cities in 2013.Based on the operating situations of international carbon emission trading markets and that in China,this study compares and analyzes the potential risks in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme,California’s cap-and-trade system,and the seven regional carbon trading pilots in China.It mainly recognizes market operation risks,risks of uncertain policy expectation,and risks of uncertain mechanism designs existing in China's carbon trading pilots.The carbon market risks are not good for the formation of rational price signals,making it difficult to guide enterprises on how to make low-carbon technology in-vestments.Such risks also affect the effectiveness and functions of carbon markets,which can lead to the non-achievement of national emission reduction goals.China has launched the national carbon emission trading scheme on December 19,2017.While building the national carbon trading scheme,it is important to fully refer to the experiences of international carbon markets and China's carbon trading pilots apart from strengthening the recognition,control,and supervision of carbon market risks.Doing so can promote the healthy development of China's na-tional carbon trading scheme.

关键词： Carbon trading pilots Market operation risks Uncertain policy expectation risks Uncertain mechanism design risks

Modeling and scale analysis of gaseous fuel reactors in chemical looping combustion systems

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Particuology 2017年第6期15卷 31-41页

作者： Jesper Aronsson David Pallares Anders Lyngfelt Division of energy Technology Department of Energy and Environment Chalmers University of Technology SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

This work investigates the scale-up of chemical looping combustion （CLC）, a next-generation technology for carbon capture and storage, to the industrial scale. The study focused on the bottom bed of the unit, which was considered to be the critical region during scale-up due to the large solids inventory in this zone combined with relatively inefficient gas-solids contact. Two CLC reactors of vastly different sizes （bench and utility scale） were studied to discern their difference related to scale-up via a one-dimensional model. This model considered kinetics that varied with the degree of oxidation and population distribution of the oxygen carriers, the mixing of which accounts for both convective and dispersive transport. The model was validated against bench scale data, and was used to evaluate the performance of a 1000 MWth CLC fuel reactor using either syngas or methane as fuels. Sensitivity analyses were also carried out with this model to determine the effects of several parameters on fuel conversion, including solids circulation, oxygen carrier reactivity, bed height, and maximum bubble size. The results show that the mass transfer of gas from bubbles to the emulsion phase represents a significant limiting factor for fuel conversion in the bottom bed of a utility scale fuel reactor.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion Semi-empirical modeling Fluidization Up scaling

Oxidation of gaseous elemental mercury in a high voltage discharge reactor

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2009年第12期21卷 1652-1657页

作者： WANG Meiyan, ZHU Tianle, LUO Hongjing, TANG Ping, LI Huan school of Chemistry and environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. school of Chemistry and environment Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

Effects of the voltage waveform, discharge tooth wheel number and CO2/NO/SO2 concentration in the simulated flue gas on Hg^0 oxidation were investigated using a link tooth wheel-cylinder reactor energized by different high voltage power supplies. Negative DC discharge induced more ozone production and a higher Hg^0 oxidation efficiency than positive DC discharge and 12 kHz AC discharge. The discharge tooth wheel number had almost no effect on the maximum Hg^0 oxidation efficiency. The allowable supplied voltage decreased with the increase of discharge tooth wheel number. CO2 could stabilize the discharge process and increase the maximum voltage for a stable discharge. It has also been found that NO consumed O3 induced by high voltage discharge, thereby decreased Hg^0 oxidation efficiency; while SO2 had a slight promoting effect on Hg^0 oxidation.

关键词： plasma Hg^0 flue gas oxidation

Numerical simulation of operation performance on production and injection of a double well geothermal system in Kailu Basin, Inner Mongolia

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 196-208页

作者： Yu-kun Sun Feng Liu Huajun Wang Xin-zhi Gao school of energy and environment Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Institute of Hydrogeology and environment Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Technology Innovation Center of Geothermal&Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development Ministry of Natural ResourcesShijiazhuang 050061China Tianjin Geothermal Exploration and Design Institute Tianjin 300250China

Inner Mongolia is abundant in geothermal resources,but the development and utilization of medium-depth geothermal resources for clean heating in winter is still in the preliminary stage compared with the neighboring provinces.In this paper,a recently developed geothermal heating system using the Mesozoic sandstone reservoirs in Baokang of Kailu Basin,Eastern Inner Mongolia was investigated,a threedimensional geological model of a pair of production and injection well was established,and numerical simulations on the long term operation performance were conducted and verified by pumping test and water level recovery test data.The effects of flow rates,the direction of wells,injection temperature and ratios on the flow field and water level in the thermal reservoir were analyzed.The results show that considering a 30-year operation period and a production rate from 90 m^(3)/h to 110 m^(3)/h,the optimum well spacing can be increased from 225 m to 245 m,with an average value of 235 m.With the decrease of the injection temperature,the cold front of the injection water has an increasing influence on the temperature in the production well.A complete injection or the principle of production according to injection is recommended in order to maintain the long-term operation stability.In addition,the location of the injection well should be arranged in the downstream of the natural flow field.The present results can provide a useful guide for the optimum design and performance prediction of geothermal wells,thus maintaining the production and injection balance and promoting the sustainable development and utilization of medium-depth and deep geothermal resources.

关键词： Geothermal well Optimum well spacing Production and injection Numerical simulation Heat breakthrough