检索结果-南通市图书馆

forensic sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 189-195页

作者： Jing Liu Ziwei Ye Zheng Wang Xing Zou Guanglin He Mengge Wang Shouyu Wang Yiping Hou Institute of forensic medicine West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina

With the characteristics of low mutation rate,length variation and short amplicon size,insertion/deletion polymorphisms(InDels)have the advantages of both short tandem repeats(STRs)and single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).Herein,people of two ethnicities from Hainan Island were genotyped for the first time using the Investigator DIPplex kit.We investigated the forensic parameters of the 30 InDels and the phylogenetic relationships among different populations.The accumulated powers of discrimination and powers of exclusion were 0.9999999999646 and 0.9897 in the Hainan Han population and 0.9999999999292 and 0.9861 in the Hainan Li population,respectively.Additionally,population comparisons among geographically,ethnically and linguistically diverse populations via cluster heatmap,multidimensional scaling,principal component analysis,phylogenetic tree and STRUCTURE analyses demonstrated that the Hainan Han population had genetic similarities to the other Han,She and Tujia populations,while the Hainan Li population had close genetic relationships to the Zhuang and Miao groups;both populations had a high degree of genetic differentiation from most Turkic-speaking populations.Aforementioned results suggested that the 30 autosomal InDels are highly polymorphic and informative,which are suitable for human identification and population genetics.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics InDels Investigator DIPplex kit Hainan Han Hainan Li

Population genetics and forensic efficiency of 30 InDel markers in four Chinese ethnic groups residing in Sichuan

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 498-502页

作者： Fei Wang Guanglin He Zheng Wang Mengge Wang Jing Liu Xing Zou Shouyu Wang Mengyuan Song Ziwei Ye Mingkun Xie Yiping Hou Institute of forensic medicine West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina

Sichuan Province is located at the transitional junction regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the low-altitude plains.It also serves as the corridor of Sino Tibetan-speaking population migration and expansion since neolithic expansion of Proto-Tibeto-Burman populations from Middle/Upper Yellow River during Majiayao period(3300-2000 BC).However,the population structure and the corresponding genetic diversity of forensic-related markers in this region remain unclear.Thus,we genotyped 30 insertion-deletion(InDel)markers in 444 samples from four ethnic groups(Han,Tibetan,Hui and Yi)from Sichuan Province using the Investigator■ DIPplex kit to explore the characteristics of population genetics and forensic genetic focuses.All the loci were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equlibrium(HWE)after applying a Bonferroni correction and no pairwise loci showed prominent linkage disequilibrium.The combined matching probability(CMP)and the combined power of discrimination(CPD)are larger than 1.8089×10^(11)and 0.9999999995,respectively.Principal component analysis,multi-dimen-sional scaling plots and Neighbour-Joining tree among 65 worldwide populations indicated that Sichuan Hui and Han are genetically close to Hmong-Mien and Tai-Kadai-speaking popula-tions,and Sichuan Tibetan and Yi bear a strong genetic affinity with Tibeto-Burman-speaking populations.The model-based genetic structure further supports the genetic affinity between the studied populations and linguistically close populations.

关键词： forensic sciences InDel population genetics Sichuan Han Sichuan Yi Sichuan Tibetan Sichuan Hui

Multi-locus identification of Psilocybe cubensis by high-resolution melting(HRM)

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 490-497页

作者： Xiaochun Zhang Huan Yu Ziwei Wang Qi Yang Ruocheng Xia Yiling Qu Ruiyang Tao Yan Shi Ping Xiang Suhua Zhang Chengtao Li Department of forensic Science Medical School of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic SciencesMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina Department of forensic medicine School of Basic Medical ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Institute of forensic medicine West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina

Hallucinogenic mushroom is a kind of toxic strain containing psychoactive tryptamine substances such as psilocybin,psilocin and ibotenic acid,etc.The mushrooms containing hallucinogenic components are various,widely distributed and lack of standard to define,which made a great challenge to identification.Traditional identification methods,such as morphology and toxicology analysis,showed shortcomings in old or processed samples,while the DNA-based identification of hallucinogenic mushrooms would allow to identify these samples due to the stability of DNA.In this paper,four primer sets are designed to target Psilocybe cubensis DNA for increasing resolution of present identification method,and the target markers include largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(marked as PC-R1),psilocybin-related phosphotransferase gene(marked as PC-PT),glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(marked as PC-3)and translation EF1α(marked as PC-EF).Real-time PCR with high-resolution melting(HRM)assay were used for the differentiation of the fragments amplified by these primer sets,which were tested for specificity,reproducibility,sensitivity,mixture analysis and multiplex PCR.It was shown that the melting temperatures of PC-R1,PC-PT,PC-3 and PC-EF of P.cubensis were(87.93±0.12)℃,(82.21±0.14)℃,(79.72±0.12)℃ and(80.11±0.19)℃ in our kinds of independent experiments.Significant HRM characteristic can be shown with a low concentration of 62.5pg/µL DNA sample,and P.cubensis could be detected in mixtures with Homo sapiens or Cannabis sativa.In summary,the method of HRM analysis can quickly and specifically distinguish P.cubensis from other species,which could be utilized for forensic science,medical diagnosis and drug trafficking cases.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics polymerase chain reaction(PCR) high-resolution melting(HRM) Psilocybe cubensis multi-locus species-specific

Preliminary study on the mechanisms of ankle injuries under falling and impact conditions based on the THUMS model

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 518-527页

作者： Zhengdong Li Jianhua Zhang Jinming Wang Ping Huang Donghua Zou Yijiu Chen Department of forensic medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key laboratory of forensic medicine Academy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina

Ankle injuries are common in forensic practice,which are mainly caused by falling and traffic accidents.Determining the mechanisms and manners of ankle injuries is a critical and challenging problem for forensic experts.The identification of the injury mechanism is still experience-based and strongly subjective.There also lacks systematic research in current practice.In our study,based on the widely used Total Human Model of Safety 4.0(THUMS 4.0),we utilized the finite element(FE)method to simulate ankle injuries caused by falls from different heights(5 m,10 m and 20 m)with different landing postures(natural posture,inversion,eversion,plantar-flexion and dorsi-flexion)and injuries caused by impacts from different directions(anterior-posterior,lateral-medial and posterior-anterior)with different speeds(10 m/s,15m/s and 20m/s)at different sites(ankle and lower,middle and upper sections of leg).We compared the injury morphology and analyzed the mechanisms of ankle injuries.The results showed that falling causes a specific compression fracture of the distal tibia,while fractures of the tibia and fibula diaphysis and ligament injuries caused by falling from a lower height or inversion,planter flexion or dorsiflexion at a large angle are not distinguishable from the similar injury patterns caused by impact on the middle and upper segments of the leg.No obvious compression fracture of the tibia distal was caused by the impacts,whereas ligament injuries and avulsion fractures of the medial or lateral condyle and fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia and fibula were observed.Systematic studies will be helpful in reconstructing the ankle injury processes and analyzing the mechanisms in forensic practice,providing a deeper understanding of ankle injury mechanisms for forensic experts.

关键词： forensic sciences ankle injuries fall and impact injury finite element analysis injury biomechanisms

Validation of the Investigator 24plex QS Kit:a 6-dye multiplex PCR assay for forensic application in the Chinese Han population

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 172-180页

作者： Ruiyang Tao Chong Chen Xiang Sheng Ruocheng Xia Xiaochun Zhang Jingyi Zhang Zihao Yang Suhua Zhang Chengtao Li Institute of forensic medicine West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic SciencesMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina College of medicine and forensics Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina QIAGEN HildenGermany Department of forensic medicine School of Basic Medical ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Department of forensic Science Medical School of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

The Investigator 24plex QS Kit(QIAGEN,Hilden,Germany)is a 6-dye fluorescent chemistry short tandem repeat(STR)polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification system that simultaneously amplifies 20 of the expanded Combined DNA Index System(CODIS)core STR loci,SE33,DYS391,and the standard sex-determining locus,amelogenin,as well as two special internal performance quality sensor controls(QS1 and QS2),which are included in the primer mix to check the PCR performance.This study was designed to be a pilot evaluation of this STR-PCR kit in a Chinese Han population regarding the PCR conditions,sensitivity,precision,accuracy,repeatability,reproducibility,and concordance;tolerance to PCR inhibitors;applicability to real“forensic-type”samples;species specificity;mixture,balance and stutter analyses,and utility in a population investigation.The exhaustive validation studies demonstrated that the Investigator 24plex QS system is accurate,sensitive and robust for STR genotyping.In addition,these genetic markers in the population data in our study indicated that they can also be useful for forensic identification and paternity testing in the Chinese Han population.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics short tandem repeat(STR)typing Investigator 24plex QS Kit validation study

Investigation on the genetic-inconsistent paternity cases using the MiSeq FGx system

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 702-707页

作者： Anqi Chen Ruiyang Tao Chengtao Li Suhua Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina Department of forensic medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Mutations might challenge the paternity index calculation in forensic identification.While many studies have focussed on the autosomal short tandem repeats(A-STR),the mutation status of sex chromosomes and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)remain blank.Next generation sequencing(NGS),known as high throughput and large sequence polymorphism,is a promising tool for forensic genetics.To describe the mutation landscapes in the paternity cases with genetic inconsistencies,a total of 63 parentage confirmed paternity cases contained at least one mismatched locus have been collected.The mutations were subsequently evaluated using Verogen’s MPSForenSeqTM DNASignature Kit and a microsatellite instability(MSI)detection kit.The result showed 98.41%(62/63)of the cases had no additional autosomal mutations even when the number of A-STRs increased to 27.As for the sex chromosomes,about 11.11%(7/63)of the cases exhibited either X-STR or Y-STR mutations.D2S1338,FGAand Penta Ewere the most frequent altered STRs,which suggested they might be the mutation hotspots.In addition,a male with sex chromosome abnormality was observed accidently,whose genotype might be 47,XXY,rather than MSI.Nearly 56.90%of the STR loci possessed isoalleles,which might result in higher STR polymorphisms.No Mendelian incompatibility was detected among the SNP markers,which indicated that SNP was a more reliable genetic marker in the genetic-inconsistent paternity cases.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics paternity testing next generation sequencing(NGS) ForenSeqTM DNASignature Prep Kit

Effects of platelets on characteristics of lymphocytes cultured in vitro and optimization of adoptive immunotherapy

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BIOCELL 2023年第12期47卷 2661-2669页

作者： CONGLIANG CHEN XIAOHONG LENG YU ZHANG JUNMEI HU DAPENG WEI PEIPEI WANG XIA WANG West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Department of ImmunologySichuan UniversityChengduChina

T lymphocytes,the main participants of cellular immunity,can express a variety of surface molecules and form different lymphocyte subsets under the induction of different factors to play the functions of immune regulation and immune killing.Studies have shown that platelets play a crucial role in maintaining the stable differentiation of lymphocytes and the balance in immunomodulation.Therefore,it is necessary to study the effect of platelets on lymphocytes in vitro to better understand the role of platelets in the immune system and broaden the application of adoptive immunotherapy.Methods:Cell counting and microscopic observation were used to detect the effect of activated platelets on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro;Flow cytometry was used to detect whether changes in platelet activity affect the proportion of lymphocyte subpopulations in vitro,and to detect differences in the expression of granzyme B;lactate dehydrogenase assay(LDH)was used to determine the difference in lymphocyte killing activity caused by platelet activity in vitro.Results:This was the first to promote lymphocyte proliferation through the expression or release of certain molecules in vitro,demonstrating that platelet activation is one of the key factors.Secondly,activated platelets or inactivated platelets promoted lymphocyte subset differentiation by enhancing the proportion of CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes(CTL cells)but had a slight effect on the proportion of CD3+CD4+T(Th cells)and CD4+CD25+T lymphocytes(Treg cells).Then,it was found that either activated platelets or inactivated platelets down-regulated the proportion of natural killer(NK)T lymphocytes,while activated platelets significantly enhance the proportion of NK lymphocytes.Therefore,by further detecting the killing activity of PBMCs treated with platelets,it was found that activated platelets promoted the extensive anti-tumor activity of lymphocytes and significantly increased the expression of granzyme B.Conclusion:Our results suggest that activated platelets promote lymphocyte prol

关键词： Platelets Lymphocyte Adoptive immunotherapy

High-throughput sequencing to evaluate the effects of methamphetamine on the succession of the bacterial community to estimate the postmortem interval

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 736-747页

作者： Shujuan Wang Wei Chen Yanjie Shang Lipin Ren Xiangyan Zhang Yadong Guo Changquan Zhang Department of forensic Science School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina

In forensic medical examinations,estimating the postmortem interval(PMI)is an important factor.Methamphetamine(MA)is a synthetic stimulant that is commonly abused,and estimation of the PMI after MA abuse has become one of the main tasks in forensic investigation.Microorganisms play a vital role in carrion decomposition.Analysing the bacterial succession patterns can be used as a forensic tool to estimate the PMI.The present study aimed to analyse bacterial succession changes during the decomposition of MA to estimate the PMI.We analysed bacterial communities in rabbits treated with three different concentrations of MA(0,22.5,and 90 mg/kg)under the natural conditions of 20°C and 70%humidity by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq system.We obtained 2374209 high-quality sequences and 2937 operational taxonomic units(OTUs).The relative abundances of the bacterial communities varied markedly in response to different MA concentrations.Interestingly,in response to the different concentrations of MA,Bacteroidetes became disparate in the rectum in the late PMI.Increased numbers of bacterial taxa were identified in the rectum and buccal cavity samples,except at the highest concentration of MA in the rectum samples when PMI was 0-h,than were present in live rabbits.Meanwhile,the PMI correlated significantly with bacterial succession at different taxonomic levels.Our results suggested that bacterial community succession could be used as a“microbial clock”to estimate the PMI in cases of MA-related death;however,further study is required to gain a deeper understanding of this concept.

关键词： forensic sciences methamphetamine microbes bacterial community succession postmortem interval high-throughput sequencing

Protective effect of alpha-synuclein knockdown on methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第9期9卷 951-958页

作者： Yunchun Tai Ling Chen Enping Huang Chao Liu Xingyi Yang Pingming Qiu Huijun Wang Department of forensic medicine School of Basic Medical Sciences Southern Medical University Guangzhou forensic Science Institute

The over-expression of α-synuclein is a major factor in the death of dopaminergic neurons in a methamphetamine-induced model of Parkinson’s disease. In the present study, α-synuclein knockdown rats were created by injecting α-synuclein-shRNA lentivirus stereotaxically into the right striatum of experimental rats. At 2 weeks post-injection, the rats were injected intraper-itoneally with methamphetamine to establish the model of Parkinson’s disease. Expression of α-synuclein mRNA and protein in the right striatum of the injected rats was significantly down-regulated. Food intake and body weight were greater in α-synuclein knockdown rats, and water intake and stereotyped behavior score were lower than in model rats. Striatal dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase levels were significantly elevated in α-synuclein knockdown rats. Moreover, superoxide dismutase activity was greater in α-synuclein knockdown rat striatum, but the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide synthase and nitrogen monoxide were lower compared with model rats. We also found that α-synuclein knockdown inhibited metham-phetamine-induced neuronal apoptosis. These results suggest that α-synuclein has the capacity to reverse methamphetamine-induced apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the rat striatum by inhibiting oxidative stress and improving dopaminergic system function.

关键词： nerve regeneration α-synuclein Parkinson’s disease methamphetamine dopaminergic neurons neurotoxicity striatum oxidative stress apoptosis NSFC grant neural regeneration

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces cell apoptosis via multiple pathways revealed by transcriptome analysis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2022年第4期23卷 315-327页

作者： Kaige DU Fei LU Chengzuo XIE Haojie DING Yu SHEN Yafan GAO Shaohong LU Xunhui ZHUO School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310053China Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan 250021China

Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide parasite that can infect almost all kinds of mammals and cause fatal toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients.Apoptosis is one of the principal strategies of host cells to clear pathogens and maintain organismal homeostasis,but the mechanism of cell apoptosis induced by T.gondii remains obscure.To explore the apoptosis influenced by T.gondii,Vero cells infected or uninfected with the parasite were subjected to apoptosis detection and subsequent dual RNA sequencing(RNA-seq).Using high-throughput Illumina sequencing and bioinformatics analysis,we found that pro-apoptosis genes such as DNA damage-inducible transcript 3(DDIT3),growth arrest and DNA damage-inducibleα(GADD45 A),caspase-3(CASP3),and high-temperature requirement protease A2(Htr A2)were upregulated,and anti-apoptosis genes such as poly(adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-ribose)polymerase family member 3(PARP3),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),and baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein(IAP)repeat containing 5(BIRC5)were downregulated.Besides,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)receptor-associated factor 1(TRAF1),TRAF2,TNF receptor superfamily member 10 b(TNFRSF10 b),disabled homolog2(DAB2)-interacting protein(DAB2 IP),and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3(ITPR3)were enriched in the upstream of TNF,TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL),and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress pathways,and TRAIL-receptor2(TRAIL-R2)was regarded as an important membrane receptor influenced by T.gondii that had not been previously considered.In conclusion,the T.gondii RH strain could promote and mediate apoptosis through multiple pathways mentioned above in Vero cells.Our findings improve the understanding of the T.gondii infection process through providing new insights into the related cellular apoptosis mechanisms.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Transcriptome analysis Apoptosis Infection