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Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on ghrelin levels in children

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第36期18卷 5096-5100页

作者： Zhao-Hui Deng Bo Chu Ya-Zhen Xu Bin Zhang Li-Rong Jiang Department of pediatrics Shanghai Children's Medi-cal CenterShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China

AIM:To compare ghrelin levels in plasma and gastric mucosa before and after Helicobacter pylori(***) treatment in children with ***-associated functional ***:Children with ***-associated functional dyspepsia were enrolled in this *** infection was confirmed by positive bacterial culture *** of the children received triple *** eradication therapy(a 2 wk course of omeprazole,amoxicillin,and clarithromycin).The children were divided into two groups based on the success of the *** treatment:group 1(eradicated)-patients who had a negative 13C-urea breath test 2 mo after the end of therapy;and group 2(non-eradicated)-patients who had a positive 13C-urea breath *** ghrelin,gastric ghrelin mRNA,and the body mass index were evaluated in both groups before and after the *** *** plasma ghrelin levels were measured by a *** expression of gastric ghrelin mRNA was determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain ***:A total of 50 children with ***-associated functional dyspepsia were treated with triple *** eradication *** mean age of the children was 5.52 ± 0.83 years,and there were 28 males and 22 *** the 50 ***-positive children,30 successfully achieved eradication,and 20 did *** mean plasma ghrelin levels of group 1 were 22.17 ± 1.73 ng/L and 26.59 ± 2.05 ng/L before and after the treatment,respectively,which was a significant increase(P = 0.001).However,the mean plasma ghrelin level of group 2 before and after the *** treatment was 21.34 ± 2.40 ng/L and 22.24 ± 2.10 ng/L(P = 0.785).The plasma ghrelin levels increased substantially after treatment in group 1 but showed only minor changes in group ***,the gastric ghrelin mRNA expression in group 1 before treatment was 2.84 ± *** treatment,the level was 3.11 ± 0.65,which was significantly different(P = 0.023).The gastric ghrelin mRNA expression in g

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Functional dyspepsia Ghrelin Eradication Children

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High mobility group box-1 protein as a therapeutic target in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2006-2007页

作者： Kazuki Hatayama Barbara S.Stonestreet Department of pediatrics Women&Infants hospital of Rhode IslandThe Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic(HI)brain injury is a leading cause of morbidity and longstanding disability in newborns(Millar et al.,2017).Improved neonatal intensive care has increased survival in infants with pregnancy and birth related ***,many surviving neonates exhibit neurological abnormalities that can persist throughout life(Millar et al.,2017).Early neuroprotective strategies have the potential to improve neurological outcomes and attenuate developmental delay in ***,hypothermia is the only currently approved intervention for HI encephalopathy in fullterm infants,which is only partially protective(Millar et al.,2017).Findings in preterm and full-term infants suggest that elevations in proinflammatory cytokines are important in the pathogenesis of HI-related brain injury(Millar et al.,2017).The high mobility group box-1(HMGB1),a representative damage associatedmolecular pattern(DAMP)protein,has been reported to be implicated in a variety of brain related inflammatory diseases including traumatic brain injury,epilepsy,and stroke(Nishibori et al.,2019).Anti-HMGB1 therapies have gained increasing interest to treat inflammation related disorders in the brain(Nishibori et al.,2019).However,there is a paucity of information regarding the pathology of HMGB1 in HI-related brain injury during the perinatal *** current perspective discusses the potential contributions of HMGB1 to HI-related brain injury during the perinatal period and also addresses the potential of HMGB1 as a therapeutic target of the brain ***,this perspective emphasizes the potential for combinational therapeutics for hypothermia with anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibodies(mAb)in perinatal HI brain injury.

关键词： protective therapeutic epilepsy

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Analysis of the histologic features in the differential diagnosis of intrahepatic neonatal cholestasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第4期15卷 478-483页

作者： Maria Angela Bellomo-Brandao Cecilia AF Escanhoela Luciana R Meirelles Gilda Porta Gabriel Hessel Department of pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas(UNICAMP) Department of Pathology Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas(UNICAMP) Department of pediatrics Children's Institute of Medical School of the University of So Paulo(USP)

AIM:To compare the histologic features of the liver in intrahepatic neonatal cholestasis(IHNC)with infectious,genetic-endocrine-metabolic,and idiopathic etiologies. METHODS:Liver biopsies from 86 infants with IHNC were *** inclusion criteria consisted of jaundice beginning at 3 mo of age and a hepatic biopsy during the 1st year of *** following histologic features were evaluated:cholestasis,eosinophilia,giant cells,erythropoiesis,siderosis,portal fibrosis,and the presence of a septum. RESULTS:Based on the diagnosis,patients were classified into three groups:group 1(infectious;n=18),group 2(genetic-endocrine-metabolic;n=18),and group 3(idiopathic;n=50).There were no significant differences with respect to the following variables:cholestasis,eosinophilia,giant cells,siderosis,portalfibrosis,and presence of a septum.A significant difference was observed with respect to erythropoiesis,which was more severe in group 1(Fisher's exact test,P=0.016). CONCLUSION:A significant difference was observed in IHNC of infectious etiology,in which erythropoiesis was more severe than that in genetic-endocrine-metabolic and idiopathic etiologies,whereas there were no significant differences among cholestasis,eosinophilia,giant cells,siderosis,portal fibrosis,and the presence of a septum.

关键词： Intrahepatic cholestasis Liver histopathol-ogy Neonatal jaundice Neonatal liver disease

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Efficacy of early treatment with infliximab in pediatric Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第14期16卷 1776-1781页

作者： Jong Seung Lee Jee Hyun Lee Ji Hyuk Lee Hye Jin Lee Mi Jin Kim Hae Jeong Lee Yon Ho Choe Department of pediatrics College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Yongsan Hospital Yongsan Seoul 140-757 South Korea Department of pediatrics Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Gangnam Seoul 135-710 South Korea

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of early infliximab use for induction and maintenance therapy in pediatric Crohn’s disease. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 36 patients with Crohn’s disease. Ten patients (group A) were treated with mesalamine after induction therapy with oral prednisolone, and 13 patients (group B) were treated with azathioprine after induction therapy with oral prednisolone. Thirteen patients (group C) received infliximab and azathioprine for induction and maintenance therapy for the first year, and were treated with azathioprine after 1 year. All patients were followed for at least 24 mo. Efficacy was determined by the relapse rate using the pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index score in each group at 12 and 24 mo. RESULTS: At the 1 year follow-up, the relapse ratee, Mi Jin Kim, Hae Jeong Lee, Yon Ho Choe (23.1%, 3 of 13 patients) in group C was lower than that (61.5%, 8 of 13 patients) in group B (P = 0.047). At the 2 years follow-up, the relapse rate (38.5%, 5 of 13 patients) in group C was lower than that (76.9%, 10 of 13 patients) in group B (P = 0.047). Adverse events in group C were fewer than in groups A and B. CONCLUSION: Early induction with infliximab at diagnosis, known as "top-down" therapy, was effective for reducing the relapse rate compared to conventional therapies for at least 2 years.

关键词： Efficacy Infliximab Pediatric Crohn’s disease Relapse rate Top-down treatment

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Response to strict and liberalized specific carbohydrate dietin pediatric Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第6期22卷 2111-2117页

作者： Jennifer C Burgis Kaylie Nguyen KT Park Kenneth Cox Department of pediatrics GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94304United States

AIM: To investigate the specific carbohydrate diet(SCD) as nutritional therapy for maintenance of remission in pediatric Crohn's disease(CD). METHODS: Retrospective chart review was conducted in 11 pediatric patients with CD who initiated the SCD as therapy at time of diagnosis or flare. Two groups defined as SCD simple(diet alone, antibiotics or 5-ASA) or SCD with immunomodulators(corticosteroids and/or stable thiopurine dosing) were followed for one year and compared on disease characteristics, laboratory values and ***: The mean age at start of the SCD was 11.8 ± 3.0 years(range 6.6-17.6 years) with five patients starting the SCD within 5 wk of diagnosis. Three patients maintained a strict SCD diet for the study period and the mean time for liberalization was 7.7 ± 4.0 mo(range 1-12) for the remaining patients. In both groups, hematocrit, albumin and ESR values improved while on strict SCD and appeared stable after liberalization(P-value 0.006, 0.002, 0.002 respectively). The majority of children gained in weight and height percentile while on strict SCD, with small loss in weight percentile documented with liberalization. CONCLUSION: Disease control may be attainable with the SCD in pediatric CD. Further studies are needed to assess adherence, impact on mucosal healing and growth.

关键词： Specific carbohydrate diet Crohn's disease pediatrics Nutrition therapy

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FBXW7 regulates epithelial barrier impairment in human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by targeting apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 via the p38 pathway

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BIOCELL 2021年第3期45卷 723-731页

作者： JINGRONG SONG JUAN KANG WEI LV YAN DONG XIAOYING ZHANG Department of pediatrics Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR),inflammatory cell infiltration,and airway remodeling.F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7(FBXW7),an E3 ubiquitin ligase,is required for various endothelial functions,such as cell migration,inflammation,and endothelial *** study aimed to investigate the role of FBXW7 in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced epithelial barrier impairment in bronchial epithelial cells in *** using lentivirus-based technology,FBXW7 was overexpressed or silenced(24 h)in human bronchial epithelial(16HBE)cells,which were treated with LPS or not(24 h).Immunoprecipitation(IP)detection and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the interaction of target *** permeability was measured using transepithelial electrical resistance and FITC dextran flux(48 h).IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-αin cell supernatants were measured using ELISA(48 h).The results showed that LPS stimulation suppressed FBXW7 expression in a time-and dose-dependent *** exposure decreased cell proliferation,elevated IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α,increased epithelial permeability,and p38 *** LPS-induced changes were partly compromised by FBXW7 *** to LPS stimulation,FBXW7 knockdown increased epithelial permeability and levels of inflammatory cytokines and p38 phosphorylation,which were,in part,blocked by apoptosis signal-regulating kinase(ASK)1 knockdown or p38 pathway *** and Western blot analysis showed that FBXW7 interacted with ***1 expression was inversely associated with FBXW7 ***7 overexpression markedly enhanced ASK1 *** data revealed that FBXW7 counter against inflammation and protects epithelial barrier integrity in bronchial epithelial cells by promoting ubiquitination-mediated degradation of ASK1 via the p38 pathway.

关键词： Bronchial epithelial cells Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide Transepithelial electrical resistance FITC dextran flux

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Adipose-brain crosstalk: do adipokines have a role in neuroprotection?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1381-1382页

作者： Jonathan P.Little Adeel Safdar school of Health and Exercise Sciences University of British Columbia Okanagan Departments of pediatrics and Medicine Mc Master University

Accumulating evidence from epidemiological and experi- mental studies indicate that obesity, and its related metabolic consequences of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, are associated with accelerated cognitive decline （Yates et al., 2012）. The etiology of neurodegeneration in obesity is undoubtedly complex, with vascular, metabolic, inflammatory, and structural changes all likely to play a role （Yates et al., 2012）. The discovery of leptin in 1994 and the subsequent advancement in our understanding that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that can communicate with the brain to regulate appetite （Zhang et al., 1994） brings about the in- triguing possibility that adipose-brain crosstalk can regulate aspects of neuronal physiology and pathology （Aguilar-Valles et al., 2015）. Indeed neurons have been shown to express receptors for various adipokines, indicating that factors released from adipose tissue have the potential to communi- cate directly with the brain. Research in this area is relatively new, and while epidemiological data points towards the negative consequences of adipose-brain crosstalk （Whitmer et al., 2005）, some intriguing new studies highlight that the secretory profile of adipose tissue might be involved in reduction in neurodegeneration via maintenance of neuronal viability （Tezapsidis et al., 2009; Wan et al., 2015）.

关键词： cell Adipose-brain crosstalk

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Effect of nicotinamide on newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第6期27卷 724-727页

作者： Madeeha KAMAL Abdul-JabbarAlABBASY AhoodAlMUSLEMANI Abdulbari BENER Department of pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManamaBahrain school of Health Department of PediatricsHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of pediatrics.Salmaniya Medical Complex ManamaBahrain Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Hamad General HospitalHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit School of Epidemiology and Health SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchester.UK

Aim:To determine whether a low dose of nicotinamide(NA)therapy for pediatricpatients with type 1 diabetes,initiated within the first 24 h of diagnosis,prolongsthe"honeymoon"period and lowers their insulin ***:Allchildren(n=66)with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes admitted to Salmaniya MedicalComplex between 1998 and 2000,received NA 1-2 mg/kg per day,in addition tosc insulin *** patients were followed for 24 months(NA group).Findings inthis group were compared with records from a similarly diagnosed control group(n=37),who were admitted to the same hospital between 1995 and 1997 and did notreceive NA *** insulin dose per kg bodyweight required at baselineand at 3-monthly intervals up to 2 years after diagnosis was ***:At baseline,the two groups did not differ with respect to age,ethnic background,weight,insulin dose per kg bodyweight or glucose levels on ***,NA group had lower insulin requirements than control group at each 3-monthinterval up to 2 years after ***:Our study results suggest thateven low doses of oral NA given to children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetesmay reduce insulin requirements and prolong the"honeymoon"period.

关键词： type 1 diabetes nicotinamide insulin therapy insulin dose glycated hemoglobin A

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Etiology of non-traumatic acute abdomen in pediatric emergency departments

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第9期1卷 276-284页

作者： Wen-Chieh Yang Chun-Yu Chen Han-Ping Wu Division of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics Changhua Christian Hos-pital school of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Department of pediatrics Taichung Tzuchi Hospital the Buddhist Medical Foundation Department of Medicine School of Medicine Tzu Chi University

Acute abdominal pain is a common complaint in pediatric emergency departments. A complete evaluation is the key factor approaching the disease and should include the patient's age, any trauma history, the onset and chronicity of the pain, the related symptoms and a detailed physical examination. The aim of this review article is to provide some information for physicians in pediatric emergency departments, with the age factors and several causes of non-traumatic acute abdominal pain. The leading causes of acute abdominal pain are divided into four age groups: infants younger than 2 years old, children 2 to 5, children 5 to 12, and children older than 12 years old. We review the information about acute appendicitis, intussusception, HenochSchnlein purpura, infection, Meckel's diverticulum and mesenteric adenitis. In conclusion, the etiologies of acute abdomen in children admitted to the emergency department vary depending on age. A complete history and detailed physical examination, as well as abdominal imaging examinations, could provide useful information for physicians in the emergency department to narrow the differential diagnosis of abdominal emergencies and give a timely treatment.

关键词： Abdominal pain Non-traumatic acute abdominal pain

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Serum magnesium concentration in children with functional constipation treated with magnesium oxide

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第6期17卷 779-783页

作者： Maiko Tatsuki Reiko Miyazawa Takeshi Tomomasa Takashi Ishige Tomoko Nakazawa Hirokazu Arakawa Department of pediatrics Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine PAL Clinic 694 Tanakajima-machiIsesakiGunma 372-0802Japan

AIM:To determine whether hypermagnesemia recently reported in adult patients possibly develops in children with functional constipation taking daily magnesium ***:We enrolled 120 patients (57 male and 63 female) aged 1-14 years old (median:4.7 years) with functional constipation from 13 hospitals and two private *** patients fulfilled the Rome Ⅲ criteria for functional constipation and were treated with daily oral magnesium oxide for at least 1 *** median treatment dose was 600 (500-800) mg/*** were assessed by an interview and laboratory examination to determine possible *** magnesium concentration was also measured in sex-and agematched control subjects (n=38).RESULTS:In the constipation group,serum magnesium concentration [2.4 (2.3-2.5) mg/dL,median and interquartile range] was significantly greater than that of the control group [2.2 (2.0-2.2) mg/dL] (P < 0.001).The highest value was 3.2 mg/*** magnesium clearance was significantly increased in the constipation *** magnesium concentration in the constipation group decreased significantly with age (P < 0.01).There was no significant correlation between the serum level of magnesium and the duration of treatment with magnesium oxide or the daily *** of the patients had side effects associated with ***:Serum magnesium concentration increased significantly,but not critically,after daily treatment with magnesium oxide in constipated children with normal renal function.

关键词： Children Constipation Hypermagnesemia Magnesium oxide Renal dysfunction

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