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Investigation of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS)for the Differentiation of Nerve and Gland Tissue-A Possible Application for a Laser Surgery Feedback Control Mechanism

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第6期18卷 654-660页

作者： F.MEHARI M.ROHDE C.KNIPFER R.KANAWADE F.KLAMPFL W.ADLER N.OETTER F.STELZLE M.SCHMIDT Clinical Photonics Lab Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT)Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.691052 ErlangenGermany Institute of Photonic technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NiirnbergKonrad-Zuse-Str.3/591052 ErlangenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergGliickstrasse 1191054 ErlangenGermany Chair of Biometry and Epidemiology Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niirnberg Waldstrabe 691054 ErlangenGermany

Laser surgery provides clean,fast and accurate modeling of ***,the inability to determine what kind of tissue is being ablated at the bottom of the cut may lead to the iatrogenic damage of structures that were meant to be *** this context,nerve preservation is one of the key challenges in any surgical *** example is the treatment of parotid gland pathologies,where the facial nerve（***） and its main branches run through and fan out inside the glands parenchyma.A feedback system that automatically stops the ablation to prevent nerve-tissue damage could greatly increase the applicability and safety of surgical laser *** the present study,Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy（LIBS） is used to differentiate between nerve and gland tissue of an ex-vivo pig animal *** LIBS results obtained in this preliminary experiment suggest that the measured spectra,containing atomic and molecular emissions,can be used to differentiate between the two tissue *** measurements and differentiation were performed in open air and under normal stray light conditions.

关键词： laser induced breakdown spectroscopy plasma chemical composition nerveparotid gland

REAL-TIME optical MONITORING OF CAPILLARY GRID SPATIAL PATTERN IN EPITHELIUM BY SPATIALLY RESOLVED DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE PROBE

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Journal of Innovative optical Health Sciences 2012年第2期5卷 10-18页

作者： GUENNADI SAIKO ALEXANDRE DOUPLIK Department of Physics Ryerson University TorontoON M5B 2K3Canada Clinical Photonics Lab School of Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT)Friedrich-Alexander Erlangen-Nuremberg University ErlangenGermany Medical Photonics Engineering Group Chair of Photonics technologies friedrich-alexander erlangen-Nuremberg university erlangen Germany

We developed a novel method for real-time monitoring of alteration of the local epithelium vessel/capillary and blood oxygenation spatial pattern in epithelium exploiting a compact fibre sensor system based on spatially and spectrally resolved diffuse *** method is based on collection of spatially resolved diffuse reflectance Re(λ)by fiber *** spatial resolution is provided as a dependence of Re(λ)on a set of distancesρbetween the source and detector(attenuation curve).It is expected that the new method can reasonably extract the minor spatial deviations of oxygenation and local blood volume fraction-parameters,directly related to the local vessel density and capillary spatial patterns in the *** scattering in visible range is naturally taken into account in the proposed method.

关键词： Spatially resolved diffuse reflectance fiber optics biospectroscopy diagnostics shock cancer

Light and sound- emerging imaging techniques for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第25期22卷 5642-5654页

作者： Ferdinand Knieling Maximilian J Waldner Clinic for Children and Adolescent Medicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg91054 ErlangenGermany Medical Department 1 Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg91054 ErlangenGermany erlangen graduate school of advanced optical technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg91054 ErlangenGermany

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are known to have a high demand of recurrent evaluation for therapy and disease activity. Further, the risk of developing cancer during the disease progression is increasing from year to year. New, mostly non-radiant, quick to perform and quantitative methods are challenging, conventional endoscopy with biopsy as gold standard. Especially, new physical imaging approaches utilizing light and sound waves have facilitated the development of advanced functional and molecular modalities. Besides these advantages they hold the promise to predict personalized therapeutic responses and to spare frequent invasive procedures. Within this article we highlight their potential for initial diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and surveillance of cancer development in established techniques and recent advances such as wide-view full-spectrum endoscopy, chromoendoscopy, autofluorescence endoscopy, endocytoscopy, confocal laser endoscopy, multiphoton endoscopy, molecular imaging endoscopy, B-mode and Doppler ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, ultrasound molecular imaging, and elastography.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Crohn’ s disease Endoscopy Chromoendoscopy Autofluorescence endoscopy Full-view full-spectrum endoscopy Confocal endomicroscopy Multiphoton endoscopy High-definition endoscopy Ultrasound molecular imaging B-mode ultrasound Doppler ultrasound

Step-size selection for split-step based nonlinear compensation with coherent detection in 112-Gb/s 16-QAM transmission

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Chinese Optics Letters 2012年第2期10卷 19-21页

作者： Chien-Yu Lin Rameez Asif Michael Holtmannspoetter Bernhard Schmauss university of erlangen-Nuremberg Chair for High Frequency Technology erlangen graduate school in advanced optical technologies (saot)

Non-uniform step-size distribution is implemented for split-step based nonlinear compensation in singlechannel 112-Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulation （QAM） transmission. Numerical simulations of the system including a 20 × 80 km uncompensated link are performed using logarithmic step size distribution to compensate signal distortions. 50% of reduction in number of steps with respect to using constant step sizes is observed. The performance is further improved by optimizing nonlinear calculating position （NLCP） in case of using constant step sizes while NLCP optimization becomes unnecessary when using logarithmic step sizes, which reduces the computational effort due to uniformly distributed nonlinear phase for all successive steps.

关键词： QAM Step-size selection for split-step based nonlinear compensation with coherent detection in 112-Gb/s 16-QAM transmission dBm DBP

A review on glass welding by ultra-short laser pulses

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2019年第4期1卷 1-10页

作者： Kristian Cvecek Sarah Dehmel Isamu Miyamoto Michael Schmidt Institute of Photonic technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany saot—erlangen graduate school in advanced optical technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany blz—Bayerisches Laserzentrum GmbH ErlangenGermany Osaka university OsakaJapan

Glass welding by ultra-short pulsed(USP)lasers is a piece of technology that offers high strength joints with hermetic *** joints are typically formed in glass that is transparent to the laser by exploiting nonlinear absorption effects that occur under extreme *** the temperature reached during the process is on the order of a few 1000°C,the heat affected zone(HAZ)is confined to only tens of *** is this controlled confinement of the HAZ during the joining process that makes this technology so appealing to a multitude of applications because it allows the foregoing of a subsequent tempering step that is typically essential in other glass joining techniques,thus making it possible to effectively join highly heat sensitive *** this work,we give an overview on the process,development and applications of glass welding by USP lasers.

关键词： USP glass welding ultra-short pulsed laser processing brittle materials glass joining

MICROENDOSCOPIC SPECTRAL IMAGING AS A TOOL FOR SMALL DUCTUAL DIAGNOSTICS:PRELIMINARY EXPERIENCE

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Journal of Innovative optical Health Sciences 2012年第3期5卷 64-70页

作者： A.DOUPLIK W.L.LEONG A.M.EASSON S.DONE B.C.WILSON A.SHAHMOON Z.ZALEVSKY Department of Physics Ryerson University 350 Victoria StreetToronto M5B 2K3Canada school of advanced optical technologies(saot)friedrich-alexander erlangen-Nuremberg university ErlangenGermany Ontario Cancer Institute University Health Network TorontoCanada Xillix Ltd TorontoCanada Medical Photonics Engineering Group(MPEG)Chair of Photonics technologies friedrich-alexander erlangen-Nuremberg university ErlangenGermany Department of Surgical Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network TorontoCanada Department of Medical Biophysics university of Toronto TorontoCanada Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan university Ramat GanIsrael

A technical feasibility of autofluorescence ductoscopy in breast milk ducts as blood vessels phantoms has been assessed as *** tumor can be clearly identified through the milk *** also present the operation principle as well as the preliminary experimental results of a new type of microsize multicorefiber that enables imaging through blood vessel *** of a manipulated microwire through a drilled phantom is presented.

关键词： Cancer margin delineation endoscopy microendoscopy autofluorescence imaging surgical guidance multicorefibers

3D particle tracking velocimetry for the determination of temporally resolved particle trajectories within laser powder bed fusion of metals

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2019年第3期1卷 96-105页

作者： Eric Eschner Tobias Staudt Michael Schmidt Institute of Photonic technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergKonrad-Zuse-Str.3/5D-91052ErlangenGermany graduate school in advanced optical technologies Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.6D-91052ErlangenGermany

Within this work,we present a system for the measurement of the three-dimensional(3D)trajectories of spatters and entrained particles during laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)of *** is comprised of two ultrahigh-speed cameras and a reconstruction task specific processing reconstruction *** system enables an automated determination of 3D measures from the trajectories of a large number of tracked *** evolving from an underdetermined geometrical situation induced by a two-camera setup is resolved within the tracking using a priori knowledge of L-PBF of *** processing steps were optimized to run on a graphics processing unit to allow the processing of large amounts of data within an appropriate time *** overall approach was validated by a comparison of the measurement results to synthetic images with a known 3D ground truth.

关键词： powder bed fusion laser image processing additive manufacturing high-speed imaging 3D particle velocimetry

Cooling rate calibration and mapping of ultra-short pulsed laser modifications in fused silica by Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy

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极端制造（英文） 2020年第3期2卷 161-172页

作者： Michael Bergler Kristian Cvecek Ferdinand Werr Martin Brehl Dominique De Ligny Michael Schmidt friedrich-alexander-Universitat erlangen-Nurnberg Institute of Photonic TechnologiesErlangenGermany friedrich-alexander-Universitat erlangen-Nurnberg Institute of Glass and CeramicsErlangenGermany friedrich-alexander-Universitat erlangen-Nurnberg SAOT-Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesErlangenGermany

This paper focuses on the preparation of a new extended set of calibrations of cooling rate(fictive temperature)in fused silica determined by inelastic light scattering and its subsequent use to characterize the local cooling rate distribution in ultra-short pulsed(USP)laser *** order to determine the thermal history(*** rate and fictive temperature)of fused silica,high-resolution inelastic light-scattering experiments(Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy)were *** were performed and compared to the existing literature to quantify structural changes due to a change of fictive *** to existing calibrations,this paper provides an extension to lower and higher cooling *** this new set of calibrations,we characterized a USP laser modification in fused silica and calculated the local fictive temperature *** equation relating the fictive temperature(Tf)to cooling rates is given.A maximum cooling rate of 3000 K min-1 in the glass transition region around 1200℃ was deduced from the Raman *** Brillouin observations are sensitive to both the thermal history and the residual *** comparing the Raman and Brillouin observations,we extracted the local residual stress distribution with high spatial *** the first time,combined Raman and Brillouin inelastic light scattering experiments show the local distribution of cooling rates and residual stresses(detailed behavior of the glass structure)in the interior and the surrounding of an USP laser modified zone.

关键词： glass structure ultra-short pulsed laser fused silica cooling rate fictive temperature Raman spectroscopy Brillouin spectroscopy

Experimental Investigation of Solid Fuel Combustion Process in a Hybrid Porous Reactor

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第9期11卷 589-596页

作者： Vojislav Jovicic Nataliia Fedorova Ana Zbogar-Rasic Mario Toledo Torres Antonio Delgado Institute of Fluid Mechanics (LSTM) Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen D-91058 Germany erlangen graduate school in advanced optical technologies (SA OT) Erlangen D-91058 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University Federico Santa Maria Valparaiso 05101 Chile

One of the most significant human-made methane emission sources is the MSW （municipal solid waste）, deposited on sanitary landfills and open dumps. Within this work, an alternative MSW treatment concept is presented, which could provide a relatively clean waste/biomass-to-energy transformation. The proposed procedure comprises of a combustion and a gasification （or pyrolysis） step, which are consecutively taking place in a two-stage hybrid porous reactor system. The core of the system is two packed bed reactors, in which solid fuel （waste or biomass） is mixed with inert ceramic particles of similar size. This paper overviews the initial experimental investigation of the combustion step of a hybrid mixture, composed of wood pellets （fuel） and alumina balls （inert ceramic particles） in a 250 ram-high batch reactor. The temperature profile along the reactor, the concentration of CO and the flame front propagation velocity were measured as a function of the ceramic particle size （11 and 20 mrn）, the inert-to-fuel mass ratio （0：1, 2：1, 3：1） and the airflow rate （30, 42, 60 1/min）. Experiments indicate that an increase of the mass ratio of inert-to-fuel material and a decrease of the inert ceramic particles size lead to a decrease of the maximum temperature of the packed hybrid bed. Measured CO concentrations showed strong dependence on the inert ceramic particle size, i.e. the particle size reduction from 20 to 11 mm resulted in a significant reduction of CO-emission peaks. The maximum flame front propagation velocity of 0.2 mm/sec was detected for the airflow of 42 1/min, the particle size of 20 mm and the mass ratio of 3：1.

关键词： Combustion allothermal gasification MSW hybrid filtration combustion packed bed.