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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Shunfei Cui Yiyao Pan Chenzhe Ma Bin Qi Qingqiang Min Ming Li Huabing Chen Hengte Ke Xingyue Ji Jiangsu Province Engineering research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics development College of Pharmaceutical ScienceSoochow University

Carbon monoxide（CO） has recently been well-established as a promising therapeutic modality against cancer. The development of transition-metal-free and tumor-targeted delivery platforms for CO is highly demanded but remains very sporadic. Herein, we developed a polyprodrug system for the co-delivery of CO and a chemotherapeutic agent combretastin A-4（CA-4） to the tumor site based on a chemiexcitation mechanism. Such a poly-prodrug successfully achieved the co-activation of CO and CA-4 in response to H2O2at the tumor site both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, a synergist effect between CO and CA-4 was observed in suppressing tumor growth in a mouse tumor model. It is anticipated that such a poly-prodrug system could be potentially adapted for the co-delivery of CO and another drug payload for combinational therapy for other indications.

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Doubling down with CAR-T cell cancer immunotherapy:a two-step recognition circuit enables discrimination between target antigen high and low cancer cells

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第8期6卷 2280-2281页

作者： Jehad Charo Bruno Gomes hoffmann-la roche ag pharmaceutical research and early development oncologyroche innovation center zurichzurichswitzerland hoffmann-la roche ag pharmaceutical research and early development oncologyroche innovation center baselbaselswitzerland

In a recent article published in Science by Hernandez-Lopez et *** antigen receptor(CAR)expressing T(CAR-T)cells with a two-step recognition system successfully discriminated between target cells expressing high and l... 详细信息

关键词： CAR cancer

Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie ZHANG Cancan WU Yuting ZHANG Yi LU Yuanwei Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of Technology

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings（φ）,i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/（Δp）1/3was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29% to 17.18% over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

Reconstructing forest and grassland cover changes in China over the past millennium

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 94-110页

作者： Fanneng HE Fan YANG Yafei WANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable development Henan University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Historical forest and grassland cover changes not only are critical indicators for quantifying ecological and environmental change processes but also serve as fundamental data for long-term climate change simulations and terrestrial ecosystem carbon emission assessments. However, because of limitations in historical data, quantitative estimations and spatially gridded reconstructions of these changes remain challenging, necessitating further methodological exploration. This study focused on China's present-day land area over the past millennium, objectively capturing the characteristics and drivers of forest and grassland cover changes. On this basis, using the forest transition theory and the space-for-time substitution method, we depicted the historical deforestation process as an inverted “S” curve and developed a model to reconstruct historical forest area changes based on the functional relationship between the forest area and population size dynamics. Subsequently, a gridded forest allocation model was established on the basis of deforestation tendencies. For the grassland cover, we implemented regionspecific methods, such as the cropland area deduction method and the habitat constraint method, to quantitatively reconstruct historical changes. Consequently, we obtained provincial forest and grassland area changes over the past millennium and mapped 10-km-resolution gridded data of forest and grassland cover. The results indicated the following.(1) The methods developed using population data as a proxy objectively reproduced the spatiotemporal evolution of forest and grassland cover in China over the past millennium. These feasible methods offer a novel pathway for the quantitative reconstruction of historical forest and grassland cover changes.(2) The data indicated that China's forest area generally decreased over the past millennium, characterized by a “decrease-then-increase” pattern. The forest area experienced three distinct phases: a slow decline(AD 1000

关键词： Land use and land cover change Forest Grassland Quantitative reconstruction Gridded reconstruction China historical period

Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Santosh S.Sutar Atul C.Khot Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Computational Electronics and Nanoscience research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(OSCs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering OSCs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance OSCs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of ternary OSCs(TOSCs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOSCs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOSCs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOSCs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PCE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests

Impact of Bubbles on Mechanical Performances in a Borosilicate Glass

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 25-29页

作者： LI Chengxing LI Dongfeng MA Shilong QIAO Ang ZHENG Qingshuang China Helicopter research and development Institute Jingdezhen 333001China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Ar-chitectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

To analyze the impact of bubbles on the mechanical behavior of glasses,by controlling the refining time,we prepared three borosilicate glasses with the same composition and different *** the analysis software integrated within the optical microscope,the diameter and number of the bubbles on the surface of three borosilicate glasses were *** the hardness and crack initiation resistance(CR),we built the relationship between the porosity and the mechanical performance of these borosilicate glasses.

关键词： bubbles oxide glass hardness creak initiation resistance

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Formation mechanism of deep natural hydrogen in the Sichuan Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Xiaomei WANG Kun HE Chunlong YANG Hao XIE Xiaobo WANG Yitong LYU Linfeng XIE Shuichang ZHANG research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development PetroChina Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation International Center for Isotope Effects research School of Earth Science and Engineering Nanjing University

As a potential renewable and clean energy source,the distribution and exploration prospects of natural hydrogen have garnered widespread ***,the limitations in understanding the formation mechanisms and accumulation patterns of underground natural hydrogen have significantly constrained its efficient exploration and *** study reports H2content and isotopes in natural gas from deep formations in sedimentary basins through geochemical analysis of 58 conventional gas samples from the Sinian to Triassic strata in the central Sichuan *** discovered that H2content in deep natural gas in central Sichuan generally exceeds 0.1%,with a maximum of 1.6%,and hydrogen isotopes (δ2HH2) range from-850‰to-586‰.Analysis of the geological conditions,hydrogen generation mechanisms,and isotope fractionation characteristics in the study area confirms that microbial fermentation or in-situ organic matter cracking are not effective pathways for deep *** with helium content and isotope analysis of the natural gas,it is inferred that the volcanic basement in the central Sichuan area is the potential source rock for natural H2in the Sinian to Triassic ***,H2originates from the radiolysis of water and hydrothermal reactions of Fe（II） in the basement ***,a diffusion fractionation model reveals significant isotope fractionation during the migration and accumulation of deep H2into sedimentary reservoirs,which lead to anomalously light δ2HH2in deep natural gas in central *** indicates that the underground natural hydrogen accumulation is in a long-term dynamic process,with simultaneous H2accumulation and dissipation in the gas *** research not only elucidates the formation mechanism of deep H2but also provides insights for the resource potential of natural hydrogen in sedimentary basins.

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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Recent advances in exploring new blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 35-45页

作者： Xinyu Peng Qian Ma Da Han School of Life Science Shanghai University Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of research and development Intellinosis Biotechnologies Co.Ltd.

Gastric cancer(GC) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%. The absence of distinctive symptoms often leads to late-stage diagnosis, contributing to a grim prognosis. early detection is pivotal for improving the survival rates and outcomes of GC patients. Traditional diagnostic methods, including gastroscopy and histopathological examination, are restricted in the early diagnosis of GC. Conventional protein biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4), exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity for GC screening, which diminishes their clinical value. Recently, novel circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs), circulating tumor cell DNA(ct DNA), and circulating free RNA(cf RNA), have emerged as promising candidates in the burgeoning field of liquid biopsy due to their superior sensitivity and specificity. This review focuses on the latest research on blood-based biomarkers for GC diagnosis and examines the clinical potentials and challenges associated with these emerging biomarkers.

关键词： gastric cancer early diagnosis blood

Electrocatalytic cleavage of a lignin β-O-4 model compound and coupling with nitrogen-containing aromatics using Prussian blue analogue-derived nickel–cobalt spinel

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 628-636页

作者： Yi Qi Xueying Chen Bowen Liu Xuliang Lin Xueqing Qiu Yanlin Qin Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center Guangdong Basic research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green development Guangdong University of Technology

Electrochemical conversion of lignin for the production of high-value heterocyclic aromatic compounds has great *** demonstrate the targeted synthesis and cation modulation of NiCo2O4spinel nanoboxes,synthesized via cation exchange and calcination *** catalysts exhibit excellent efficacy in the electrocatalytic conversion of lignin model compounds,specifically 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol,into nitrogen-containing aromatics,achieving high conversion rates and *** catalysts were synthesized via a cation exchange and calcination oxidation process,using Prussian blue nanocubes as *** porous architecture and polymetallic composition of the NiCo2O4spinel demonstrated superior performance in electrocatalytic oxidative coupling,achieving a 99.2 wt%conversion rate of the 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol with selectivities of 37.5 wt%for quinoline derivatives and 31.5 wt%for *** innovations include the development of a sustainable one-pot synthesis method for quinoline derivatives,the elucidation of a multistage reaction pathway involving CAO bond cleavage,hydroxyaldol condensation,and CAN bond formation,and a deeper mechanistic understanding derived from DFT *** work establishes a new strategy for lignin valorization,offering a sustainable route to produce high-value nitrogen-containing aromatics from renewable biomass under mild conditions,without the need for additional reagents.

关键词： Spinel Biomass valorization Electrocatalysis Lignin oxidation Coupling